Bolthole Index

Johnson County, Arkansas

Building permits, zoning and septic rules in Johnson County, Arkansas

67Index Score / 100
#65 of 75 in Arkansas

Unincorporated Johnson County, Arkansas appears not to require a county residential building permit, but the statewide building code still applies12. The county appears to have no countywide zoning, though the City of Clarksville zones land inside its limits34. Septic permits for every address in the county, city or not, go through the Arkansas Department of Health, with applications handled at the Johnson County Local Health Unit in Clarksville56.

At a glance

Building permit
Not required in unincorporated Johnson County; the statewide building code still applies12
Zoning
No countywide zoning in unincorporated Johnson County3
Septic permit
Issued by the state (Arkansas Department of Health) through the Johnson County Local Health Unit in Clarksville5
Off-grid sanitation
Approved composting or incinerating toilets may be used, but other wastewater still needs compliant disposal7
Owner-builder exemption
Licensing exemption for your own residence, limited to one residence per calendar year; permits and codes still apply8
RV / tiny home living
A single unit on private land remains unconfirmed; state rules cover fee-based parks with 3 or more spaces9
Driveway on a state highway
Requires an Arkansas DOT permit; no confirmed county driveway rule was found10
Accessory dwelling
Arkansas municipalities must allow at least one qualifying ADU; that rule does not cover unincorporated land11

Who to call

Also useful

Johnson County Government (Clarksville)

General Johnson County government contact; the starting point for a rural building, road or land-use question not covered by the state, since no separate county building, planning or road department could be found online

479-754-2175

215 West Main Street, Clarksville, AR 72830

Septic permits

Johnson County Local Health Unit (Arkansas Department of Health), Clarksville

Onsite wastewater (septic) permit applications for Johnson County, through the Onsite Environmental Specialist

(479) 754-2949

#6 Professional Park Drive, Clarksville, AR 72830

Contact details are copied from each office’s official page and were checked against it on October 10, 2026.

Off-grid gear

Going off-grid in Johnson County means bringing your own water and power. The kit we’d start with:

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Do you need a building permit in Johnson County, Arkansas?

Unincorporated Johnson County does not require a county residential building permit1. The Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, including its residential volume, remains the statewide construction standard even where no local permit or inspection program exists2. A permit exemption is therefore not a code exemption, and work inside a municipality may face separate city requirements2. We could not confirm a residential inspection schedule or certificate-of-occupancy process for unincorporated land, so ask the county government office about those items before construction12.

Who handles building, zoning and permitting in Johnson County?

Johnson County lists no dedicated building, zoning or planning department13. The general county government office in Clarksville is the starting point for questions about rural construction, county-road access, inspections or land use12. Septic permitting is handled under Arkansas Department of Health authority, and the Johnson County Local Health Unit accepts local onsite-wastewater applications136. Inside Clarksville, the city's Planning Commission handles zoning changes such as rezonings, so contact the city for zoning and building questions on a city lot4. Septic permits still come from the Arkansas Department of Health whether the address is inside a city or not13.

Does Johnson County have zoning?

Unincorporated Johnson County appears to have no countywide zoning3. Inside the City of Clarksville, zoning districts do apply, and the Clarksville Planning Commission hears rezoning requests4. We could not confirm county rules for minimum dwelling size, minimum lot size, setbacks, building height or lot coverage, so ask the county government office about a specific parcel instead of treating it as unrestricted12. Arkansas municipalities must allow at least one qualifying accessory dwelling unit on a parcel with a single-family home, subject to building, zoning, design, utility and sanitation requirements; that state mandate does not establish an ADU right on unincorporated Johnson County land11.

How do septic and well permits work in Johnson County?

Johnson County onsite-wastewater systems are permitted under Arkansas Department of Health authority, with local applications handled through the Johnson County Local Health Unit5136. A construction permit is required before a septic system is built, altered, repaired or extended, and a system must be inspected and approved and the owner must hold a permit for operation before the system is used1415. Only 15.9% of Johnson County soils are rated without severe limits for a conventional drain field, so arrange the site evaluation early16. If public sewer is accessible within 300 feet of the building's sewer exit, connection is required instead of a new septic system17. Off-grid sanitation is not a way around wastewater rules: only Department-authorized premanufactured composting or incinerating toilets may be used, and other wastewater still requires compliant treatment or disposal7.

Can you live in an RV, mobile home or tiny home on your land in Johnson County?

Arkansas regulates parcels with at least 3 fee-based spaces for RVs, tiny houses on wheels or mobile homes as parks, requiring Department of Health plan approval before work begins918. Under that park rule, a tiny house on wheels is treated as a mobile home when plumbed and inspected under the Arkansas Plumbing Code and as an RV otherwise19. Separate state-park camping rules limit occupancy and camping units at state campsites, but they do not establish a rule for camping on private Johnson County land20. We could not confirm whether a single RV, mobile home or tiny home may be occupied long term on an unincorporated private lot, so ask the county government office before buying for that use12.

What are the steps to build a home in Johnson County, Arkansas?

  1. Ask the Johnson County government office to confirm the parcel is unincorporated and whether inspections, floodplain review or county-road access approval applies12.
  2. Design to the statewide Arkansas Fire Prevention Code even though unincorporated Johnson County does not require a county residential building permit21.
  3. Arrange a septic site evaluation early because only 15.9% of county soils are rated without severe limits for a conventional drain field16.
  4. Obtain the septic construction permit through the Johnson County Local Health Unit before system work begins614.
  5. Obtain an Arkansas Department of Transportation access permit before building a driveway onto a state highway10.
  6. An owner may build the owner's own residence without a residential-contractor license, limited to 1 residence per calendar year, but this does not waive codes, permits or inspections8.

What should you check before buying land in Johnson County, Arkansas?

Soils: only 15.9% of Johnson County's soils are rated free of severe limits for a conventional septic drain field, so get a site evaluation from the Johnson County Local Health Unit before you count on a standard system166. Federal land: about 48.3% of the county is federal land, mostly the Ozark-St. Francis National Forest, which limits how much private rural acreage is actually available and can affect access and neighboring land use21. Terrain and cover: 60.4% of the county sits at 15% slope or less, and 74.6% is wooded, so expect real clearing costs on a heavily timbered lot2223. Access: a driveway onto a state highway needs a permit from the Arkansas Department of Transportation before any work begins, and no comprehensive county driveway rule was found, so ask the county government office directly about a driveway onto a county road1012. Water and sewer: if a public sewer line is within 300 feet of where your sewer would exit a building, connecting to it is required instead of installing a septic system17. Zoning and permits: because no confirmed countywide zoning ordinance or building-permit program was found, verify current rules directly with Johnson County and with any nearby city before you finalize a purchase31. Taxes: Johnson County's effective property tax rate runs about 0.6%, with a median annual property tax bill around $7062425. Market: the typical home value is about $189,171 and farmland runs roughly $3,931 an acre2627.

Watch-outs

  • Unincorporated Johnson County has no countywide zoning or county residential building-permit program, but ask the county government office whether inspections, floodplain review or access approval applies to your parcel1312.
  • State rules regulate fee-based mobile-home and RV parks with 3 or more spaces, but we could not confirm whether a single RV, mobile home or tiny home may be occupied on an individual Johnson County lot912.
  • About 48% of Johnson County is federal land in the Ozark-St. Francis National Forest, which can affect access to and around a private parcel; check federal boundaries before you buy21.

Sources

  1. Johnson County AR (county departments) (2026 county census)
  2. 2021 Arkansas Fire Prevention Code (Arkansas statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
  3. Johnson County AR (county departments) (2026 county census)
  4. Public Hearing Notice – City of Clarksville, quoted and re-checked
  5. Arkansas Department of Health Onsite Wastewater (2026 county census)
  6. Johnson County Local Health Unit (Arkansas Department of Health), Clarksville (healthy.arkansas.gov)
  7. Rules Pertaining to Onsite Wastewater Systems (2024), quoted and re-checked
  8. Home Improvement New Application, quoted and re-checked
  9. 20 CAR § 138-102. Compliance, quoted and re-checked
  10. Regulations: Rules for Access Driveways to State Highways (Arkansas statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
  11. Act 313 of the Regular Session, 2025, quoted and re-checked
  12. Johnson County Government (Clarksville) (portal.arkansas.gov)
  13. codeofarrules.arkansas.gov, quoted and re-checked
  14. codeofarrules.arkansas.gov, quoted and re-checked
  15. Rules Pertaining to Onsite Wastewater Systems (2024), quoted and re-checked
  16. Share of soils USDA rates "not limited" for a conventional septic drain field (SSURGO). A strict rating: the median county is about 6% and a tenth of counties are 0%, so a low figure means most lots need a site evaluation or an engineered system, not that septic is impossible. Cite it only with that caveat: Bolthole Index county data
  17. codeofarrules.arkansas.gov, quoted and re-checked
  18. codeofarrules.arkansas.gov, quoted and re-checked
  19. 20 CAR § 138-101. Definitions, quoted and re-checked
  20. 22 CAR § 50-108. Camping rules, fee collection, registration, and reservations, quoted and re-checked
  21. Federal land share: Bolthole Index county data
  22. Share of land at 15% slope or less: Bolthole Index county data
  23. Wooded share of land: Bolthole Index county data
  24. Effective property tax rate: Bolthole Index county data
  25. Median property tax bill: Bolthole Index county data
  26. Typical home value (Zillow): Bolthole Index county data
  27. Farmland value per acre (USDA census): Bolthole Index county data

Written October 10, 2026 from the rules quoted below, each taken from an official source and re-checked by an independent reviewer. This is research, not legal advice: rules change, so confirm with the office before you buy or build.

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Compared with neighboring counties

Like all 4 of the neighbors with published rules, Johnson County has no countywide zoning.

RuleJohnson CountyFranklin CountyLogan CountyPope CountyNewton CountyYell CountyMadison County
Building permitNot requiredNot requiredLimitedLimitedNot requiredNot requiredNot required
County zoningNoNoNoNot publishedNot publishedNoNo
Septic permitsAR Dept. of HealthAR Dept. of HealthAR Dept. of HealthAR Dept. of HealthAR Dept. of HealthADHAR Dept. of Health

County locator

Johnson County in Arkansas

67
County map
Johnson County highlighted among the Arkansas counties · colored by Index score

How Johnson County scores

Seclusion44100% ev.
Self-Sufficiency60100% ev.
Admin Boringness85100% ev.
Durability50100% ev.
Property Autonomy47100% ev.
Carry Cost83100% ev.

Evidence strength: 100%. This reports direct-source completeness and fallback use; it is separate from the score and is not a confidence interval. How it works →

$189kTypical home
0.6%Property tax
$3,931Land / acre
53.5"Annual rain
9.1% of yrsSevere drought
18.5 / yr (+14.4)Mid-century 100°F days
18 daysMid-century dry spell
2.55" (+5.2%)Mid-century 1-day rain
1.49×Wildfire change factor
100%Forward climate coverage
$1,678Home insurance / yr
1.6% / yrInsurance growth
0.56%Nonrenewal rate
county median (2+ published ZIPs)Insurance basis
61,969People within 30 min
2,131,782People within 2 hr
36,429Radius comparison (15 mi)
39.5People / sq mi
48.3%Federal land
60.4%Land at 15% slope or less
15.9%Soils rated "not limited" for septic (strict USDA rating)
61,960 acWorkable land screen
74.6%Wooded land
56.4 tonsBiomass / forest ac
59.2°FAvg temp

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Cities and towns in Johnson County

Inside a city or town, that city usually issues building permits and sets zoning; the county’s rules above cover unincorporated land. Septic, wells and floodplain rules usually stay with the county or state everywhere.

Clarksville · Coal Hill · Hartman · Town of Knoxville · Lamar

Answers from the rulebook for Johnson County

What the ordinances and state agencies actually say — one answer per question, each quoted from the official source and independently re-checked.

Johnson County rules

  • County-wide zoningAbsent

    The county government lists no planning or zoning department; unincorporated Johnson County has no county-wide zoning.

    Johnson County AR (county departments) ↗Scouted from the county site, not yet independently re-checked

Arkansas rules that apply here

  • Building permitLimited

    Construction subject to the Arkansas Energy Code for New Building Construction Supplements and Amendments.

    • The source does not impose a single statewide building-permit requirement for all private residential and commercial construction.
    • Local governments may establish prior plan approval, building-permit requirements, and construction inspections.
    • Counties, cities, or municipalities that issue building permits for new building construction are required to adopt the Arkansas Energy Code for new construction, additions, and renovations.
    • The cited document is the 2014 Arkansas Energy Code; current Arkansas Fire Prevention Code applicability should be confirmed separately.
    “A local government may exercise other administrative and enforcement procedures that it deems necessary to affect the purposes of this Code, including, but not limited to, prior plan approval, building permit requirements, and inspections during the course of construction.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Limited — Construction subject to the Arkansas Building Code statewide minimums, including rural and unincorporated areas.
      “They apply statewide even in areas when no permit or inspections are required.”
  • Owner-builder exemptionConditional

    Owner-builders constructing their own residence or acting as their own home-improvement contractor on their own property in Johnson County, under Arkansas residential contractor licensing law.

    • A person acting as a residential building contractor in the construction of his or her residence is exempt unless the person builds more than one residence during any calendar year.
    • The owner of a single-family residence acting as his or her own home-improvement contractor on his or her own property is exempt.
    • A residential building contractor or home-improvement contractor is exempt for a project whose work cost does not exceed $2,000.
    • The $2,000 exemption does not apply when construction work necessary to complete the project is divided into separate contracts of less than $2,000.
    • Subcontractors of a contractor licensed by the Residential Contractors Committee are exempt.
    • A person or entity licensed as a contractor by another Arkansas licensing agency, board, or commission is exempt when performing work within the scope of that license.
    • Persons or entities performing work as roofing contractors under Ark. Code § 17-25-601 et seq. are exempt from the residential licensing requirements listed in this provision; roofing registration rules may separately apply.

    maximum project cost for specified exemption: <= 2000 USD (Does not apply if necessary construction work is divided into separate contracts of less than $2,000.) · maximum residences built under own-residence exemption: 1 residence per calendar year (Exemption does not apply when the person builds more than one residence during any calendar year.)

    “The following shall be exempted from the licensing requirements of this subchapter: (1) A person who acts as a residential building contractor in the construction of his or her residence unless he or she builds more than one (1) residence during any calendar year; (2) The owner of a single family residence acting as his or her own home improvement contractor on his or her own property; (3)(A) A person or entity acting as a residential building contractor or a home improvement contractor on any project, when the cost of the work done or to be done does not exceed two thousand dollars ($2,000). (B) Subdivision (3)(A) of this section shall not apply to a project in which the construction work necessary to complete the project is divided into separate contracts of amounts less than two thousand dollars ($2,000); (4) A subcontractor of a contractor licensed by the Residential Contractors Committee; and (5) A person or entity licensed as a contractor by another licensing agency, board, or commission of the State of Arkansas if the contractor is performing work within the scope of the license held by the person or entity. (6) A person or entity performing work as a roofing contractor as defined under § 17-25-601 et seq.”
    3 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Available (with conditions) — An owner acting as the residential building contractor for the owner's residence, or as the owner's own home-improvement contractor on the owner's property, under Arkansas residential contractor licensing requirements.
      “The following are exemptions to the residential builder and home improvement licensing requirements: (1) owners are exempt from licensure when acting as the contractor in the construction of his or her residence unless he or she builds more than one residence during any calendar year (2) owners acting as his or her own home improvement contractor on his or her own property (3) subcontractors working for a properly licensed contractors and (4) contractors licensed by other licensing agencies or boards if the contractor is performing work within the scope of that license.”
    • Available — Arkansas residential builder and home-improvement contractor licensing requirements for an owner acting as contractor on the owner’s residence or as the owner’s own home-improvement contractor on the owner’s property.
      “The following are exemptions to the residential builder and home improvement licensing requirements: (1) owners are exempt from licensure when acting as the contractor in the construction of his or her residence unless he or she builds more than one residence during any calendar year (2) owners acting as his or her own home improvement contractor on his or her own property (3) subcontractors working for a properly licensed contractors and (4) contractors licensed by other licensing agencies or boards if the contractor is performing work within the scope of that license.”
    • Available (with conditions) — Arkansas residential contractor licensing for an individual constructing the individual’s own residence or an owner of a single-family residence acting as the owner’s own home-improvement contractor on the owner’s property.
      “construction of his or her residence unless he or she builds more than one (1) residence during any calendar year;”
  • Building code adoptedAdopted (with conditions)

    State projects in Arkansas, including any such project located in Johnson County.

    • The adopted building code for state projects is the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, 12 CAR pt. 15, as adopted by the Division of Arkansas State Police, State Fire Marshal’s office.
    • Arkansas laws and 22 CAR subchapter requirements take precedence where they exceed the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code.
    • All project designs must comply with applicable Arkansas laws and the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code.
    • Other codes, rules, or standards may apply to a specific project, and the department and design professional must determine the applicable requirements for that project.

    code: Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, 12 CAR pt. 15 (For state projects; other project-specific codes, rules, or standards may also apply.)

    “The adopted building code for state projects is the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, 12 CAR pt. 15, as adopted by the Division of Arkansas State Police, State Fire Marshal’s office. Arkansas laws and this subchapter shall have precedence over the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code where they exceed the requirements of the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code. All project designs shall comply with all Arkansas laws and the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code.”
    3 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Adopted (with conditions) — New structures and applicable alterations, additions, changes in use, and changes in structures throughout Arkansas, under the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, including Volume II for building-code requirements and Volume III for residential-code requirements.
      “Each district, county, municipality, or other political subdivision of this state shall only adopt and enforce the provisions of the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, 2021 Edition. [...] The design and construction of new structures shall comply with the International Building Code Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, Volume II, and any alterations, additions, changes in use or changes in structures required by this code, which are within the scope of the International Building Code, Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, Volume II, shall be made in accordance therewith.”
    • Partial — State projects in Arkansas.
      “The adopted building code for state projects is the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, 12 CAR pt. 15, as adopted by the Division of Arkansas State Police, State Fire Marshal’s office.”
    • Adopted (with conditions) — State projects in Arkansas subject to the Building Authority Division design-review rules.
      “The adopted building code for state projects is the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, 12 CAR pt. 15, as adopted by the Division of Arkansas State Police, State Fire Marshal’s office. Arkansas laws and this subchapter shall have precedence over the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code where they exceed the requirements of the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code. All project designs shall comply with all Arkansas laws and the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code. Other codes, rules, or standards may be applicable to a specific project. It is the department’s and design professional’s responsibility to determine all applicable codes for each specific project.”
  • InspectionsRequired

    Construction or work that must comply with the Arkansas Energy Code for New Building Construction Supplements and Amendments.

    • Inspection is required for construction or work that must comply with the cited Code.
    • Inspection may be performed by the Arkansas Economic Development Commission Energy Office, its agent, or the code official.
    • Code officials within a county or municipality that has adopted the Code and normally conducts final inspections shall perform final inspection and approval when the building is completed and ready for occupancy.
    • The local government may conduct additional inspections during construction.
    “Construction or work that must comply with this Code shall be subject to inspection by the Arkansas Economic Development Commission - Energy Office or its agent, or by the code official.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
  • Certificate of occupancyLimited

    Open-enrollment public charter schools commencing student operations in a new or renovated facility anywhere in Arkansas.

    • Before commencing operations with students, the school must obtain one of three alternative approvals for the new construction or renovation.
    • The alternatives are: a certificate of occupancy issued by a local code official and approved by the state fire marshal; a certificate of occupancy or other approval of the state fire marshal; or a certificate of substantial completion issued by a licensed architect.
    • A certificate of occupancy is therefore not independently mandatory when one of the two listed alternative approvals is obtained.
    “An open-enrollment public charter school shall not commence operations with students in any new or renovated facility unless the school has obtained for the new construction or renovation: (1) A certificate of occupancy issued by a local code official, approved by the state fire marshal; (2) A certificate of occupancy or other approval of the state fire marshal; or (3) A certificate of substantial completion issued by a licensed architect.”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Limited — State of Arkansas construction projects administered by a state owner or agency.
      “Certificates of Occupancy are not issued by any one State Agency for State projects. The responsibility therefore rests with the Owner/Agency of the project.”
    • Limited — Buildings subject to the Arkansas Energy Code when located in a county or municipality that has adopted the Code and conducts final inspections as part of normal operations.
      “An open-enrollment public charter school shall not commence operations with students in any new or renovated facility unless the school has obtained for the new construction or renovation: (1) A certificate of occupancy issued by a local code official, approved by the state fire marshal; (2) A certificate of occupancy or other approval of the state fire marshal; or (3) A certificate of substantial completion issued by a licensed architect.”
  • Living in an RVLimited

    Occupancy of recreational vehicles in Arkansas recreational-vehicle parks regulated by the Arkansas Department of Health under 20 CAR Part 138.

    • The rule applies when three or more spaces are occupied or intended for occupancy by recreational vehicles, tiny houses on wheels, or mobile homes and placement or maintenance services, or both, are provided for a fee, whether new or existing.
    • The parcel is considered a mobile home or recreational vehicle park and must comply with 20 CAR Part 138.
    • The owner or operator is responsible for compliance.
    • Waivers or exceptions are considered case by case and approval is at the Department of Health's discretion.
    • Construction, alteration, repair, or extension of a mobile-home or recreational-vehicle park requires prior submission and department approval.
    • Detailed plans must include the park layout, sewage system, water source and distribution system, buildings, parking areas, dump stations, and topographical features.

    minimum spaces triggering park regulation: >= 3 spaces (Placement or maintenance services, or both, must be provided for a fee.)

    “Any parcel of land in which three (3) or more spaces are occupied or intended for occupancy by recreational vehicles, tiny houses on wheels, or mobile homes, where placement or maintenance services, or both, are provided for a fee, whether new or existing, shall be: (1) Considered a mobile home or recreational vehicle park; and (2) In compliance with this part.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Limited — Three or more recreational-vehicle spaces on a parcel where placement or maintenance services, or both, are provided for a fee, including a parcel operated as a recreational-vehicle park in or affecting Johnson County.
      “Any parcel of land in which three (3) or more spaces are occupied or intended for occupancy by recreational vehicles, tiny houses on wheels, or mobile homes, where placement or maintenance services, or both, are provided for a fee, whether new or existing, shall be: (1) Considered a mobile home or recreational vehicle park; and (2) In compliance with this part.”
  • Tiny homesLimited

    Occupancy of tiny houses on wheels in Arkansas parcels operating as mobile-home or recreational-vehicle parks with three or more paid spaces.

    • The rule expressly includes tiny houses on wheels among spaces triggering mobile-home or recreational-vehicle-park regulation.
    • Placement or maintenance services, or both, must be provided for a fee.
    • The parcel is considered a mobile home or recreational vehicle park and must comply with 20 CAR Part 138.
    • The owner or operator is responsible for compliance.
    • Waivers or exceptions are considered case by case at the discretion of the Arkansas Department of Health.
    • Construction, alteration, repair, or extension of the park requires prior submission and Department approval.
    • Detailed plans and specifications must include the park layout, sewage system, water source and distribution system, buildings, parking areas, dump stations, and topographical features.
    • The rule does not establish a general statewide authorization or prohibition for a single tiny house on wheels outside a qualifying park.

    minimum qualifying spaces: >= 3 spaces (the spaces must be occupied or intended for occupancy by recreational vehicles, tiny houses on wheels, or mobile homes)

    “three (3) or more spaces are occupied or intended for occupancy by recreational vehicles, tiny houses on wheels, or mobile homes”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Limited — Occupancy of tiny houses on wheels in Arkansas mobile-home or recreational-vehicle parks regulated by the Arkansas Department of Health under 20 CAR Part 138.
      ““Tiny house on wheels” means a structure intended as a habitable dwelling for one (1) or more individuals which, for the purposes of this part, shall be considered a: (A) Mobile home, if plumbed and inspected in accordance with the 2018 Arkansas Plumbing Code, 17 CAR pt. 65; or (B) Recreational vehicle, if not plumbed and inspected in accordance with the 2018 Arkansas Plumbing Code;”
  • Accessory dwellingsAllowed (with conditions)

    At least one accessory dwelling unit on a lot or parcel containing a single-family dwelling within an Arkansas municipality, including municipalities in or adjoining Johnson County; this Act does not by its text establish a county-administered rule for unincorporated Johnson County.

    • The accessory dwelling unit must be self-contained and independently accessed, located on the same parcel as a larger single-family dwelling, and include cooking, sleeping, and sanitation facilities.
    • The municipality may enforce applicable regulatory requirements, including the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, locally adopted ordinances, applicable zoning ordinances and conditions, design standards, and other applicable state and local laws.
    • A detached or attached accessory dwelling unit may not exceed 75% of the primary dwelling's gross floor area or 1,000 square feet, whichever is less.
    • A municipality may require an application-review fee up to $250 per accessory dwelling unit, in addition to usual building fees.
    • A municipality may require municipal water and sewer will-serve letters, or Department of Health approval where municipal water or sewer is unavailable.
    • The Act does not prohibit municipal regulation of short-term rentals.
    • Conflicting policies, regulations, or ordinances in effect on or after January 1, 2026, are invalid to the extent of the conflict.

    maximum detached or attached ADU size: 75% of primary dwelling gross floor area or 1,000 sq. ft., whichever is less (internal accessory dwelling units are also allowed) · maximum application-review fee: <= 250 USD per accessory dwelling unit (usual building fees may also be required)

    “Except as provided in this section, a municipality shall not adopt a policy, regulation, or ordinance that restricts, prohibits, or otherwise regulates the use of at least one (1) accessory dwelling unit by right on a lot or parcel that contains a single-family dwelling.”
  • Who permits septicState

    Onsite wastewater systems in Johnson County, including systems in unincorporated areas, are administered under Arkansas Department of Health rules by the department or its authorized agent.

    • For cities or counties with authorized agents, the authorized agent acts as the department's authorized agent.
    • If no authorized agent has been designated for a city or county, applications are made to the department.
    “For those cities or counties with authorized agents, the authorized agent shall be the authorized agent of the department. In the event that an authorized agent has not been designated for a city or county, applications for onsite wastewater systems shall be made to the department.”
  • Septic permitRequired

    Construction, alteration, repair, extension, or operation of onsite wastewater systems statewide in Arkansas.

    • A completed permit application and detailed plans must be approved before construction of a building or residence.
    • Construction, installation, or modification requires permits for construction and operation before work begins.
    • A permit may be refused where public sewer is reasonably available or economically feasible, subject to the emergency-repair exception.
    • Emergency repairs may proceed without prior permit only if a permit is obtained within 10 working days.
    • Applications are made to the Department or its Authorized Agent; where no local Authorized Agent is designated, applications are made to the Department.
    • Construction must begin within one year after issuance or the permit must be revalidated.
    • The rule is effective September 5, 2024.

    public sewer connection distance: <= 300 feet (when available and connection can be made without crossing another person's property) · emergency repair permit deadline: 10 working days (after repairs are made) · permit review fee for structures 1,500 square feet or less: 30 USD · permit review fee for structures over 1,500 and up to 2,000 square feet: 45 USD · permit review fee for structures over 2,000 and up to 3,000 square feet: 90 USD · permit review fee for structures over 3,000 and up to 4,000 square feet: 120 USD · permit review fee for structures over 4,000 square feet: 150 USD · alteration, repair, or extension permit review fee: 30 USD

    “A completed Onsite Wastewater System Permit Application and detailed plans and specifications following the requirements found in Appendix F for the collection, treatment and/or renovation facilities for all wastes of a domestic nature, containing a predominance of human excreta and exclusive of industrial wastes shall be submitted to and receive the approval of the Arkansas Department of Health or its Authorized Agent, prior to construction of a building or residence. [...] Permit requirement. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, corporation, association, municipality, or governmental agency to begin construction, alteration, repair, or extension of any onsite wastewater system, owned by any other person, firm, corporation, association, municipality or governmental agency until the owner first obtains a valid Permit for Construction issued by the Department or its Authorized Agent.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Required — Construction, alteration, repair, or extension of an onsite wastewater system serving a building or residence in Johnson County.
      “Permits for construction and operation of onsite wastewater systems shall be obtained in accordance with this part prior to the construction, installation, or modification of the onsite wastewater system.”
  • Septic inspectionRequired

    Operation of onsite wastewater systems statewide in Arkansas after installation or construction.

    • The system must be inspected and approved by the Arkansas Department of Health or its Authorized Agent before operation.
    • The owner must obtain a Permit for Operation before the system is used.
    • The installer must notify the Authorized Agent or Designated Representative when the installation is ready for inspection.
    • The owner or occupant must provide free access at reasonable times for inspection.
    • The installer must submit required installation documentation to the local health unit within five days.
    • The inspection may be performed by the Authorized Agent or, with the Authorized Agent's approval, by the Designated Representative.

    installer documentation deadline: 5 days (after installation pursuant to the approved permit)

    “It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, corporation, association, municipality or governmental agency to begin operation of any onsite wastewater system until such system has been inspected and approved by the Department or its Authorized Agent and the owner has first obtained a Permit for Operation issued by the Department or its Authorized Agent. [...] Within five (5) days, the installer shall submit the required documentation to the local health unit that the system has been installed pursuant to the approved permit. [...] After approval of the inspection, the Authorized Agent will approve and issue a Permit for Operation. The system shall not be used until the Permit for Operation is issued.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Required — Operation of onsite wastewater systems, including systems serving property in Johnson County, Arkansas.
      “It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, corporation, association, municipality or governmental agency to begin operation of any onsite wastewater system until such system has been inspected and approved by the Department or its Authorized Agent and the owner has first obtained a Permit for Operation issued by the Department or its Authorized Agent.”
  • Off-grid sanitationAllowed (with conditions)

    Use of composting or incinerating toilets as components of an Arkansas onsite wastewater system.

    • Only pre-manufactured composting or incinerating toilets authorized by the Department may be used.
    • The devices must be evaluated by an ANSI-approved laboratory under NSF Standard 41.
    • Wastewater other than urine and feces must be renovated or disposed of under Sections 8 or 9 of the rule.
    • Stabilized compost must be buried onsite or deposited in an approved sanitary landfill.
    • The system remains subject to applicable onsite wastewater permitting and approval requirements.
    “Only pre-manufactured composting or incinerating toilets authorized by the Department”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Limited — Composting or incinerating toilets and other non-sewer sanitation systems in Johnson County.
      “Only pre-manufactured composting or incinerating toilets authorized by the Department shall be utilized in the onsite wastewater system. Under NSF standard 41, composting and incinerating devices shall be evaluated by an ANSI approved laboratory.”
  • Well permitLimited

    Operation of water-well drilling or repair rigs by water-well contractors in Johnson County and elsewhere in Arkansas; this is a rig permit requirement, not a general permit requirement for every private domestic well.

    • Each rig owned and operated by a contractor requires a separate permit for each permit year.
    • Rig permits are not transferable.
    • A contractor may not operate a rig or permit an employee to operate it without a valid rig permit issued by the Arkansas Water Well Construction Commission.
    • The water-well constructor must submit a construction report to the Commission within 90 days after construction or repair.

    permit term: permit year (Each rig requires a separate permit; permits are not transferable.) · construction report deadline: 90 days after construction or repair

    “No water well contractor shall operate a rig or permit an employee to operate a rig unless the contractor holds a valid rig permit issued by the Commission. The contractor shall firmly and conspicuously attach the permit to the rig for which it was issued.”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Limited — Proposed wells serving public water systems in Johnson County and elsewhere in Arkansas.
      “The location of each proposed well must be approved in writing by the ADH prior to commencing construction.”
    • Limited — Wells serving public and semi-public water systems in Arkansas.
      “Wells for public and semi-public water systems shall be located, designed, and constructed in accordance with the respective rules of the Department of Health and shall have written approval from the department prior to the start of construction. If uncertain that a well is public or semi-public, the well contractor shall obtain a written determination from the department prior to construction.”
  • Mandatory utility hookupSewer (with conditions)

    Homes and businesses in Johnson County where the sewer exit point is within 300 feet of access to a public sewer on the owner's property or an adjacent street or alley.

    • Connection is required only when the point where the sewer exits the building is within 300 feet of access to the public sewer.
    • The cited rule addresses public sewer connection; it does not establish a countywide water-connection requirement.

    distance to public sewer access: <= 300 feet

    “Connection to a public sewer system is required of all homes and businesses when the point where the sewer exits the building is located within three hundred feet (300’) of access to the public sewer located on the owner’s property or an adjacent street or alley (Arkansas Code § 14-235-304).”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Sewer (with conditions) — Homes and premises where a sanitary sewer is within 300 feet from the point where the sewer exits the building and available without crossing another person's property.
      “All premises shall be connected to a sanitary sewer when within three hundred feet (300’) from the point where the sewer exits a building on the property owner’s property and available to said premises when connection can be made without crossing another person's property.”
  • Agricultural exemptionConditional

    State and local sales-tax exemption for electricity, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas used by qualifying agricultural structures and qualifying aquaculture or horticulture equipment in Arkansas.

    • The utility must be separately metered and used only for the exempt purpose.
    • Multiple-use meters serving eligible and noneligible structures, facilities, or equipment do not qualify.
    • The farmer must obtain a certificate from the Arkansas Department of Finance and Administration before the exemption is allowed and provide it to the utility supplier.
    • Qualifying agricultural structures include commercial poultry or livestock facilities, cattle or dairy facilities, and greenhouses used for commercial production.
    • Qualifying aquaculture or horticulture equipment includes specified cooling, collection, irrigation, pond-pumping, pond-aeration, and holding or sorting-tank equipment used in commercial operations.

    exemption start date: 2014-01-01 · eligible utilities: electricity, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas (Must be separately metered and used only for the exempt purpose) · DFA certificate: true (Required before the exemption is allowed) · water exemption for commercial poultry farming start date: 2021-10-01 (Water must be used exclusively for poultry farming and separately metered)

    “Act 1441 of 2013 provides an exemption from state and local sales taxes for electricity, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas used by qualifying agricultural structures and qualifying aquaculture and horticulture equipment beginning January 1, 2014. The eligible utility must be separately metered and used only for the purpose of the exemption.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Conditional — Construction, installation, maintenance, repair, or renovation of a nonresidential farm building or structure in Arkansas, as an exemption from the Arkansas Electrical Code Authority Act requirements.
      “(b) The requirements of the Arkansas Electrical Code Authority Act, Arkansas Code § 20-31-101 et seq., shall not apply to the following: [...] (2) Any construction, installation, maintenance, repair, or renovation of any nonresidential farm building or structure;”
  • Subdividing landRegulated (with conditions)

    Subdivision plats that are boundary surveys creating parcels in Arkansas.

    • The plat must be filed with the State Surveyor's office after any recording requirements imposed by city or county government.
    • Filing is not required, but may be submitted, for survey plats of subdivided property located in a municipality where the property has previously been surveyed and a plat filed.

    plat distribution deadline: 30 days after completion

    “Subdivision plats [...] are to be filed with the State Surveyor’s office [...] Filing is not required [...] for survey plats [...] located in a municipality [...]”
  • Driveway accessRequired

    Construction, reconstruction, modification, or relocation of access driveways on Arkansas State Highway right-of-way, including residential, commercial, and temporary access driveways.

    • No work may begin on State Highway right-of-way until the engineer issues the permit.
    • Applications are made to the District Engineer and include a work description, location, applicant contact information, and required drawings or deposit/bond.
    • An Access Management Agreement may require approval or a permit from the relevant jurisdiction; failure to provide it may be grounds for denial.
    • Commercial driveway permits generally require a minimum $1,000 deposit or bond per driveway, with governmental-entity waiver possible.
    • Temporary driveway access is limited to 120 days initially, extendable at 60-day intervals up to 240 days.

    commercial driveway deposit or bond: >= 1000 USD per driveway minimum (May be waived for governmental entities.) · temporary driveway initial duration: <= 120 days maximum (May be extended at 60-day intervals up to 240 total days.) · frontage limit: 50 feet or less (Limited to one driveway.) · rural setback inside adjoining property frontage: >= 10 feet minimum (Urban minimum is 5 feet; Section 6.9 exceptions may apply.)

    “A permit shall be obtained from the Department for all access driveways on State Highways.”
  • Building in a floodplainRequired

    Development by an Arkansas state department on property within the boundaries of the hundred-year floodplain or a Building Authority Division designated flood hazard area.

    • The rule applies to a state department proposing the development, not generally to all private or local development statewide.
    • The department must submit an application on a form approved by the Design Review Section.
    • The application must include the application number, date, department or property owner, site address or legal description, development type, brief description, base flood elevation, lowest-floor elevation, attachment acknowledgment, and applicant contact/signature information.
    • Supporting attachments should include the FEMA map, copies of other regulatory permits such as Clean Water Act sections 401 and 404 permits, elevation certificates, a certification of no increase in base flood elevation or no-rise certificate, a flood-proofing certificate, certifications for water supply, sanitary sewer, and on-site waste disposal systems, and notification of watercourse alteration or relocation.
    • The Design Review Section reviews and approves or disapproves the application; if approved, the floodplain administrator issues a development permit for the design phase.
    • The permit must be posted during construction; the site is reviewed before final acceptance; and noncompliant work requires correction or may be designated a nonconforming use site.
    • For riverine watercourse alteration or relocation, the department must notify the division, adjacent communities, and the state NFIP Coordinator at the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission before the alteration or relocation, submit copies to the Federal Insurance and Mitigation Administration, maintain flood-carrying capacity, and provide an engineering study of before-and-after conditions prepared by a registered professional engineer.
    • For structures and equipment pads under the state rule, elevation requirements vary by FEMA-map and base-flood-elevation availability: two feet above adjacent grade where no FEMA map exists; two feet above the Building Authority Division base flood elevation where no nearby FEMA base flood elevation data exists; and one foot above the accepted or mapped base flood elevation in the circumstances specified by 22 CAR § 111-708.

    minimum elevation where no FEMA map exists and site is flood-prone: 2 feet above adjacent grade · minimum elevation where FEMA map exists but no base flood elevation data is provided within 500 feet: 2 feet above the Building Authority Division-established base flood elevation · minimum elevation where FEMA map exists, no site base flood elevation is provided, and a base flood elevation is available within 500 feet or from another authoritative source: 1 foot above the base flood elevation accepted by the division · minimum elevation where FEMA map provides a base flood elevation at the site: 1 foot above the elevation shown on the map in the flood insurance study, if available, or as interpolated between map elevations

    “When a department proposes to develop property within the boundaries of the hundred-year floodplain or a Building Authority Division designated flood hazard area, the department shall submit an application for a development permit on a form approved by the Design Review Section.”
  • Permit feesPublished (with conditions)

    Basic design-service fees for Arkansas state department projects governed by the Building Authority Division.

    • The schedule is based on total final construction cost, including adjustments by change order or negotiations.
    • For projects less than $50,000 or more than $50,000,000, fees may be negotiated subject to Building Authority Division approval.
    • Specified modifiers apply, including deductions for simple projects and additions for complex projects or projects requiring intensified observation.

    basic fee for construction cost $50,001 to $75,000: 9.25 percent of total final construction cost · basic fee for construction cost $75,001 to $100,000: 9 percent of total final construction cost · basic fee for construction cost $100,001 to $200,000: 8.75 percent of total final construction cost · basic fee for construction cost $1,000,001 to $20,000,000: 6.5 percent of total final construction cost · basic fee for construction cost $42,500,001 to $50,000,000: 4 percent of total final construction cost · fee modifier for simple projects: 1 percentage points minimum deduction · fee modifier for complex projects: 1.5 percentage points maximum addition

    “$50,001 to $75,000 | 9.25%”
  • Permit processPublished (with conditions)

    Arkansas state department development projects located within a hundred-year floodplain or a Building Authority Division-designated flood hazard area.

    • The application is submitted on a Design Review Section-approved form.
    • The application must identify the site, development type, base flood elevation, lowest-floor elevation, attachments, and applicant contact and signature information.
    • Supporting materials may include FEMA maps, other regulatory permits, elevation certificates, no-rise certification, flood-proofing certification, utility or onsite-waste-disposal certification, and watercourse-alteration notification.
    • The Design Review Section reviews and approves or disapproves the application; additional information may be requested.
    • If approved, the floodplain administrator issues a design-phase development permit; the permit must be posted during construction, followed by compliance review before final acceptance.

    permit application timing: before development of covered property · appeal or review completion point: prior to final acceptance

    “the department shall submit an application for a development permit”
  • Campground & park staysLimited

    Campsites governed by Arkansas state camping rules, not general private-land camping in Johnson County.

    • Each campsite is limited to eight (8) persons, excluding day-use guests, and one camping unit.
    • A camping unit may consist of no more than two structures.
    • The camping unit may not exceed the capacity of the designated campsite as determined by the Park Superintendent or designee.
    • Two or more camping units may not occupy the same campsite.
    • The rule describes state campsite administration and does not establish permission for private-land camping in Johnson County.

    maximum persons per campsite: 8 persons (excluding day-use guests) · camping units per campsite: 1 unit (one unit may contain no more than two structures)

    “Campsites are limited to occupancy by eight (8) persons, excluding day use guests, and one (1) camping unit, which may consist of no more than two (2) structures”
    3 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Limited — Tiny houses on wheels located in a parcel with three or more fee-based spaces, or proposed as part of a mobile-home or recreational-vehicle park, including such a park in Johnson County.
      ““Tiny house on wheels” means a structure intended as a habitable dwelling for one (1) or more individuals which, for the purposes of this part, shall be considered a: (A) Mobile home, if plumbed and inspected in accordance with the 2018 Arkansas Plumbing Code, 17 CAR pt. 65; or (B) Recreational vehicle, if not plumbed and inspected in accordance with the 2018 Arkansas Plumbing Code;”
    • Limited — Mobile/manufactured-home occupancy in a parcel with three or more fee-based spaces, including a mobile-home park in Johnson County.
      ““Mobile home” means a transportable, single-family dwelling unit suitable for year-round occupancy and containing the same water supply, waste disposal, and electrical conveniences as immobile housing;”
    • Limited — Camping at Arkansas state-park campsites.
      “Campers may not occupy campsites within the same park in excess of fourteen (14) days within a thirty-day period.”
  • county zoning authorityGeneral

    Arkansas counties may establish zoning ordinances for all or part of their unincorporated areas through a county planning board.

    • The county planning board may prepare or cause preparation of the ordinance.
    • The ordinance must include both a map and text.
    • Permitted subjects include building location, height, bulk, stories, size, open space, lot coverage, population density and distribution, and uses of land, buildings, and structures.
    • The ordinance may require off-street parking and loading.
    • The ordinance may provide for compatible-use districts, large-scale unified development, elimination of nonconforming uses, and other matters necessary to county health, safety, and general welfare.
    • The ordinance must designate districts or zones for all or part of the unincorporated area.
    • Regulations must be uniform throughout each district or zone.
    • The ordinance must allow and regulate home-based work as provided in Arkansas Code § 14-1-104.
    “The county planning board shall have authority to prepare, or to cause to be prepared, a zoning ordinance for all or part of the unincorporated area of the county, which ordinance shall include both a map and a text.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • General — Arkansas county planning boards adopting zoning ordinances for all or part of a county's unincorporated area.
      “The county planning board shall have authority to prepare, or to cause to be prepared, a zoning ordinance for all or part of the unincorporated area of the county, which ordinance shall include both a map and a text.”

Inside cities and towns in Johnson County

Municipal rules found while researching the county. They apply inside that city or town, not to unincorporated land.

  • Local zoningPresent (with conditions)

    Land within the incorporated City of Clarksville, Johnson County, Arkansas.

    • The cited notice concerns a rezoning request from R1 to IT for a specifically identified parcel.
    • The municipal zoning rules apply within the City of Clarksville; this claim does not establish countywide zoning.
    “The Clarksville Planning Commission will hold a public hearing on August 27, 2026 at 6:00 pm, on a request for a Rezoning on a R1 to an IT on the following described land: Tower Road Parcel #002-01938-002”

Still unanswered

We looked and could not find an official answer yet. Silence is not permission — ask the county directly.

  • Zoning districts — Publication or availability of zoning districts governing property in Johnson County, including unincorporated areas.
  • Minimum dwelling size — Minimum dwelling size in unincorporated Johnson County, Arkansas.
  • Minimum lot size — Minimum lot size in unincorporated Johnson County, Arkansas, apart from any separate septic-system rule.
  • Setbacks — Building setbacks in unincorporated Johnson County, Arkansas.
  • Lot coverage — Lot-coverage limits in unincorporated Johnson County, Arkansas.
2 more unanswered
  • Building height
  • Short-term rentals

Each answer was extracted from an official source and independently re-checked against that source by a second reviewer. That is an evidence check, not legal advice. Rules change; confirm with the authority before you buy or build.

Living off-grid in Johnson County, Arkansas

Is Johnson County a good place to live off-grid or homestead?

Johnson County scores 67/100 on the Bolthole Index, a strong county profile. Its strengths: low administrative friction for a quiet rural property and manageable long-term carry cost.

Do you need a building permit in Johnson County, Arkansas?

Johnson County does not require a county building permit for a home in unincorporated areas, and it has no county-wide zoning. Onsite septic is permitted by Arkansas Department of Health, Onsite Wastewater Program. Owner-builders may act as their own contractor to build their home. These answers are quoted from official sources and independently re-checked. Rules change and cities within the county differ — always confirm with the county before you buy or build.

Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in Johnson County?

Living in an RV on your own land in Johnson County is limited to specific cases: Statewide rule. Occupancy of recreational vehicles in Arkansas recreational-vehicle parks regulated by the Arkansas Department of Health under 20 CAR Part 138. The rule applies when three or more spaces are occupied or intended for occupancy by recreational vehicles, tiny houses on wheels, or mobile homes and placement or maintenance services, or both, are provided for a fee, whether new or existing. The parcel is considered a mobile home or recreational vehicle park and must comply with 20 CAR Part 138. A tiny home is limited to specific cases. Confirm with the county before relying on it.

How much does land cost in Johnson County, Arkansas?

Land in Johnson County runs about $3,931 per acre, based on the latest county data.

What is the water situation in Johnson County?

Johnson County gets about 53.5" of rain a year, with severe drought in roughly 9.1% of years.

How remote is Johnson County?

A representative private-land location has about 61,969 people within a 30-minute drive and 2,131,782 within two hours. The road-network catchments count population across county lines and clusters of smaller cities; straight-line radius values remain available as a comparison.

How Johnson compares in Arkansas

Compare side-by-side →See all 75 Arkansas counties ranked →