Bolthole Index

Dawson County, Montana

Building permits, zoning and septic rules in Dawson County, Montana

48Index Score / 100
#45 of 56 in Montana

An ordinary single-family home in unincorporated Dawson County, Montana is exempt from the state building permit, but construction in the county's zoned areas needs a Zoning Compliance Permit from Dawson County Planning123. Most of the county is unzoned; Highland Park and Forest Park are its two citizen-driven zoned districts4. Septic drainfield permits come separately from county Environmental Health56.

At a glance

Building permit
An ordinary single-family home is exempt from the state permit; nonexempt projects need a state permit, and construction in zoned areas needs a Zoning Compliance Permit ($75 for a building)718910
Zoning
Most unincorporated land is unzoned; Highland Park and Forest Park are Part I districts, and the county describes its other zoning as countywide Part II41112
Septic
Drainfield permit required from the county's local health department (Sanitarian/Environmental Health), even with a state Certificate of Subdivision Approval135
Agricultural buildings
Farm and ranch buildings are exempt from the state building permit in Montana’s state jurisdiction; local requirements can still apply14
Wells
No groundwater permit needed for a well, spring, pit or pond using 35 gallons/minute or less and up to 10 acre-feet/year, but a Notice of Intent (Form 602I) is required before putting water to use starting January 1, 202615
Owner-builder
Owners may build their own home; Montana's contractor-licensing exemption has limits for building to promptly sell, and state trade licensing may still apply1617
District lot standards
Single-family minimums: Highland Park R-HP 7,150 square feet; Forest Park R-FP 7,200 square feet; Forest Park GC-FP 5,000 square feet; Forest Park MF-FP manufactured homes 4,800 square feet18192021

Who to call

Zoning

Dawson County Planning Department

Subdivision review, zoning administration (including Zoning Compliance Permits for Highland Park, Forest Park, and countywide Part II zoning), and floodplain administration for Dawson County

406-377-3058

207 W Bell St, Glendive, MT 59330

Septic permits

Dawson County Environmental Health (Sanitarian)

Registered Sanitarian services, including septic (drainfield) permitting and inspection of schools, motels, restaurants and other public facilities for Dawson County

(406) 377-5213

207 West Bell, Glendive, MT 59330

Contact details are copied from each office’s official page and were checked against it on October 13, 2026.

Off-grid gear

Going off-grid in Dawson County means bringing your own water and power. The kit we’d start with:

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Do you need a building permit in Dawson County, Montana?

An ordinary single-family home in unincorporated Dawson County is exempt from Montana’s state building permit1. Dawson County has no county building-permit program, so owners may build their own home, though state licensing for electrical, plumbing and HVAC work may still apply17. Nonexempt construction, alterations, additions and repairs need a state building permit before work begins, ahead of any plumbing, mechanical and electrical permits8. Farm and ranch buildings are exempt in state jurisdiction, but local requirements can still apply14. Construction in Dawson County’s zoned areas needs a separate Zoning Compliance Permit2. Inside Richey, the Town’s building-and-construction application covers exterior projects involving Town rights-of-way or public property, including buildings, excavation, driveways, fences and decks22. Septic drainfield permits remain separate through Dawson County Environmental Health56.

Who is the Dawson County building department, and how do you reach them?

Dawson County Planning handles subdivision review, zoning administration and floodplain administration at 406-377-3058, 207 W Bell St, Glendive, MT 593303. Outside certified local building-code programs, the Montana State Building Codes Bureau has jurisdiction, subject to project exemptions; Montana’s 2024 International Building Code and International Residential Code took effect September 26, 202623. State inspectors assigned around Montana perform the inspections the law requires; on a project needing a state building permit, the permit holder must notify the inspector when work is ready and provide access2425. Dawson County Environmental Health handles local septic questions at (406) 377-5213, 207 West Bell, Glendive, MT 593306.

Does Dawson County have zoning?

Most unincorporated Dawson County land is unzoned26. The county’s zoning consists of two citizen-driven Part I districts, Highland Park and Forest Park, plus what its zoning page calls countywide Part II zoning412. We could not confirm which parcels fall under Part II, so ask Dawson County Planning about a specific parcel3. Construction in any zoned area needs a Zoning Compliance Permit; the county’s application lists $75 for a building and $50 for a fence and states no different amounts by district10. Conditional-use or nonconforming projects need that approval first27. Outside the zoned areas, county zoning sets no minimum lot size, setback or dwelling floor area; other requirements can apply282930.

Highland Park R-HP single-family lots need 7,150 square feet and 65 feet of frontage18. Forest Park R-FP single-family lots need 7,200 square feet and 60 feet of frontage, with setbacks of 20 feet front, 5 side, 25 rear and 20 side-corner3132. Forest Park’s GC-FP commercial district lists 5,000 square feet and 50 feet of frontage for a single-family lot21. Inside Glendive, the city’s separate zoning governs buildings and land uses33.

How do septic permits work in Dawson County?

Septic permitting in Dawson County runs through the county's local health department, meaning the Sanitarian in Environmental Health, and a drainfield permit is required even if a Certificate of Subdivision Approval already exists for the property56. Montana DEQ separately reviews sanitation facilities, including water supply, sewage disposal, solid waste and storm drainage, before parcels are created when land is divided into pieces under 20 acres, and for condominiums or recreational-vehicle and mobile-home parks regardless of size34. That DEQ review does not replace the local drainfield permit; both apply on a covered parcel35. Soils here are demanding: only 9.1% of Dawson County's land is free of severe limitations for a conventional drain field, so budget for a site evaluation and possibly an alternative system36. If your system discharges into state waters, a separate state groundwater or surface-water discharge permit can also apply37. For a well, spring, pit or pond, Montana doesn't require a groundwater permit as long as use stays at or below 35 gallons per minute and 10 acre-feet per year, though a Notice of Intent to Appropriate Groundwater, Form 602I, is required before putting water to use under that exception starting January 1, 202615.

Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in Dawson County?

We could not confirm whether long-term RV or tiny-home occupancy is allowed on private rural land in Dawson County, so ask Dawson County Planning about the parcel and proposed dwelling3. Forest Park MF-FP permits qualifying manufactured or modular homes on permanent foundations; that rule does not establish permission for RV residences or tiny homes38. On Montana state trust land in Dawson County, dispersed camping is limited to 2 consecutive days on leased or licensed land, or 16 days in a 30-day period on unleased or unlicensed land; those limits apply to trust-land recreation39. Where county commissioners establish zoning under Montana’s county-zoning part, regulations must allow at least one accessory dwelling unit by right on a parcel containing a single-family dwelling, subject to applicable building, fire and public-health rules40.

What are the steps to build a home in Dawson County?

  1. Ask Dawson County Planning which zoning district covers the parcel and obtain a Zoning Compliance Permit if required341.
  2. Classify the project under state building-permit rules: ordinary single-family homes are exempt, while covered nonexempt projects require approval before construction18.
  3. Arrange required inspections for state-permitted work25.
  4. Obtain the local drainfield permit from Environmental Health, even if the property already has subdivision sanitation approval65.
  5. Resolve road access and floodplain approval before site work: new or modified approaches onto state highways require an MDT approach permit or right-of-way agreement, and new development in a designated Special Flood Hazard Area requires a floodplain permit4243.

What to check before you buy land in Dawson County

Dawson County averages 14.4 inches of precipitation annually and has experienced severe drought in 14.7% of years, so verify the parcel’s water source before purchase4445. Only 9.1% of county soils are rated without severe limitations for a conventional septic drain field, making an early site evaluation valuable36. A land division exempt from Montana’s subdivision process can still require a survey and compliance with applicable zoning; the exemption cannot be used to evade subdivision law46. For subdivision lots, physical access must meet applicable construction standards or approval conditions47. A changed use of property or an existing approach abutting a state highway requires a new MDT approach permit42. Ask Dawson County Planning whether the parcel lies in a designated Special Flood Hazard Area requiring development approval433.

Watch-outs

  • Highland Park MF-HP single-wide manufactured homes have a 3-foot rear setback, unlike Forest Park MF-FP’s 20-foot manufactured-home rear setback; confirm district and dwelling type before placing a home4849.
  • Highland Park R-HP front setbacks use block-frontage averaging where applicable, bounded by 20–40 feet; side, rear and side-corner setbacks are 5, 20 and 10 feet, and stricter covenants or other requirements govern50.
  • Forest Park’s GC-FP district sets 10-foot side, 15-foot rear and 15-foot side-corner setbacks, and a 20-foot front setback except zero feet on lots 1–6 in blocks 3–751.

Sources

  1. bsd.dli.mt.gov, quoted and re-checked
  2. Zoning Information, quoted and re-checked
  3. Dawson County Planning Department (dawsonmt.gov)
  4. Zoning Information, quoted and re-checked
  5. Engineering Infrastructure & Subdivisions, quoted and re-checked
  6. Dawson County Environmental Health (Sanitarian) (dawsonmt.gov)
  7. Zoning Information (2026 county census)
  8. Building Permits, quoted and re-checked
  9. Zoning Information, quoted and re-checked
  10. Zoning Compliance Permit Application, quoted and re-checked
  11. Zoning Information, quoted and re-checked
  12. Zoning Information, quoted and re-checked
  13. Dawson County Environmental Health (Sanitarian) (2026 county census)
  14. Building Permits, quoted and re-checked
  15. Exceptions To Permit Requirements, quoted and re-checked
  16. Montana Code Annotated, Title 37, Chapter 45, Construction Contractors (2026 county census)
  17. Montana law on county zoning and building authority
  18. Highland Park Zoning Ordinance, quoted and re-checked
  19. Dawson County – Forest Park Zoning Regulations April 2023, quoted and re-checked
  20. Dawson County – Forest Park Zoning Regulations April 2023, quoted and re-checked
  21. Dawson County – Forest Park Zoning Regulations April 2023, quoted and re-checked
  22. Town of Richey: Sec. 8-22. When application is required (Dawson County), quoted and re-checked
  23. Montana Building Codes Program, quoted and re-checked
  24. Building Permits, quoted and re-checked
  25. Building Permits, quoted and re-checked
  26. Zoning Information, quoted and re-checked
  27. Zoning Information, quoted and re-checked
  28. Zoning Information, quoted and re-checked
  29. Zoning Information, quoted and re-checked
  30. Zoning Information, quoted and re-checked
  31. Dawson County – Forest Park Zoning Regulations, quoted and re-checked
  32. Dawson County – Forest Park Zoning Regulations, quoted and re-checked
  33. Glendive: § 155.001 Title, purpose, application (Dawson County), quoted and re-checked
  34. Engineering Infrastructure & Subdivisions, quoted and re-checked
  35. Engineering Infrastructure & Subdivisions, quoted and re-checked
  36. Share of soils USDA rates "not limited" for a conventional septic drain field (SSURGO). A strict rating: the median county is about 6% and a tenth of counties are 0%, so a low figure means most lots need a site evaluation or an engineered system, not that septic is impossible. Cite it only with that caveat: Bolthole Index county data
  37. Engineering Infrastructure & Subdivisions, quoted and re-checked
  38. Dawson County Forest Park Zoning Ordinance, quoted and re-checked
  39. Subchapter 36.25.12 Recreational Use of Trust Land, quoted and re-checked
  40. 76-2-215. Accessory dwelling units -- regulations -- restrictions, quoted and re-checked
  41. Zoning Information, quoted and re-checked
  42. Approach Manual for Landowners and Developers, quoted and re-checked
  43. County Planning Department, quoted and re-checked
  44. Annual precipitation: Bolthole Index county data
  45. Share of years in severe drought: Bolthole Index county data
  46. Montana Code Annotated 2025, 76-3-207, quoted and re-checked
  47. Dawson County, City of Glendive, and Town of Richey Subdivision Regulations, quoted and re-checked
  48. Highland Park Zoning Ordinance, quoted and re-checked
  49. Dawson County – Forest Park Zoning Regulations, quoted and re-checked
  50. Highland Park Zoning Ordinance, quoted and re-checked
  51. Dawson County – Forest Park Zoning Regulations April 2023, quoted and re-checked

Written October 13, 2026 from the rules quoted below, each taken from an official source and re-checked by an independent reviewer. This is research, not legal advice: rules change, so confirm with the office before you buy or build.

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Compared with neighboring counties

Unlike all 6 of its neighbors, Dawson County requires a building permit only in limited cases.

RuleDawson CountyRichland CountyWibaux CountyPrairie CountyMcCone CountyFallon CountyRoosevelt County
Building permitLimitedRequiredNot requiredNot requiredNot requiredNot requiredNot required
County zoningYesYesNot publishedNoNoNoNot published
Septic permitsCounty SanitarianCounty Health Dept.MT DEQCounty SanitarianCounty SanitarianCounty SanitationCounty Sanitarian

County locator

Dawson County in Montana

48
County map
Dawson County highlighted among the Montana counties · colored by Index score

How Dawson County scores

Seclusion90100% ev.
Self-Sufficiency1696% ev.
Admin Boringness6890% ev.
Durability39100% ev.
Property Autonomy83100% ev.
Carry Cost8596% ev.

Evidence strength: 97%. This reports direct-source completeness and fallback use; it is separate from the score and is not a confidence interval. How it works →

$208kTypical home
1.2%Property tax
$981Land / acre
14.4"Annual rain
14.7% of yrsSevere drought
10.9 / yr (+8.5)Mid-century 100°F days
23.2 daysMid-century dry spell
1.13" (+6.2%)Mid-century 1-day rain
1.29×Wildfire change factor
100%Forward climate coverage
$2,150Home insurance / yr
1.2% / yrInsurance growth
0.55%Nonrenewal rate
single ZIP shrunk to state medianInsurance basis
38,636People within 2 hr
576Radius comparison (15 mi)
3.7People / sq mi
4.6%Federal land
71.2%Land at 15% slope or less
9.1%Soils rated "not limited" for septic (strict USDA rating)
132,157 acWorkable land screen
1.6%Wooded land
10 tonsBiomass / forest ac
43.3°FAvg temp

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Cities and towns in Dawson County

Inside a city or town, that city usually issues building permits and sets zoning; the county’s rules above cover unincorporated land. Septic, wells and floodplain rules usually stay with the county or state everywhere.

Answers from the rulebook for Dawson County

What the ordinances and state agencies actually say — one answer per question, each quoted from the official source and independently re-checked.

Dawson County rules

  • Building permitLimited

    Non-exempt buildings, alterations, additions, repairs, moves, or changes of occupancy in unincorporated Dawson County areas under state building-code jurisdiction.

    • A state building permit is required before construction for applicable projects.
    • Projects within a certified local-government building-code jurisdiction are excluded from the state permitting jurisdiction.
    • The state page lists exemptions for farm and ranch buildings; mining buildings on mining property; petroleum refineries and pulp and paper mills except office and shop buildings; residential buildings containing less than five dwelling units except when serving transient guests; and private garages and private storage buildings used for the owner's own use and not as part of a commercial enterprise or business.
    • Dawson County is not listed among the certified local-government jurisdictions on the state list; the state page states that all other areas are under the State Building Codes Bureau.
    “Prior to the start of construction for all state-owned agencies or non-exempt building being built, remodeled, moved, or undergoing a change of occupancy”
    3 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Not required — Single-family residences in state building-code jurisdiction in unincorporated Dawson County.
      “A building permit is not required for a single family residence”
    • Limited — Construction in Dawson County zoned areas, including the citizen-driven Highland Park and Forest Park areas and county-wide Part II zoning areas.
      “In all these zoned areas, a Zoning Compliance Permit-(changing from reference to Building Permit) is needed for Construction in Zoned Areas.”
    • Limited — Construction in Dawson County zoned areas, including Highland Park, Forest Park, and county-wide Part II zoning areas.
      “In all these zoned areas, a Zoning Compliance Permit-(changing from reference to Building Permit) is needed for Construction in Zoned Areas.”
  • Owner-builder exemption · follows from the permit answerNot needed

    Unincorporated Dawson County: no county building permit is required, so there is no permit to be exempt from and you may build your own home. State licensing for electrical, plumbing and HVAC work may still apply.

    • The exemption does not apply inside a local government's jurisdiction when that local government requires a permit by ordinance or resolution.
    • Other local requirements may apply.
    “A building permit is not required for a single family residence”
  • InspectionsRequired

    Projects in unincorporated Dawson County that require a state building permit.

    • The permit holder must notify the inspector when work is ready for inspection.
    • The permit holder must provide access for required inspections.
    • Inspection requirements apply to required-project permits; exempt projects may not be subject to state building inspections.
    “Field inspection staff for the programs are positioned around the state to ensure adequate coverage for inspection and regulation of projects requiring a permit.”
  • County-wide zoningPresent (with conditions)

    Zoning administered by Dawson County in unincorporated Dawson County, including countywide Part II zoning and the county's Part I districts.

    • Most of Dawson County does not have zoning.
    • Part I zoning consists of the citizen-driven Highland Park and Forest Park areas.
    • The county states that other zoning is considered countywide Part II zoning.
    • A Zoning Compliance Permit is needed for construction in zoned areas.
    “The other zoning is considered as county-wide (Part II) zoning.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Present (with conditions) — Dawson County zoning, including countywide Part II zoning areas.
      “county-wide (Part II) zoning.”
  • Local zoningVaries (with conditions)

    Aggregate of zoning conditions across Dawson County's unincorporated areas; the countywide conclusion reflects the county's distinct Part I districts and Part II countywide zoning, rather than claiming the county administers every local ordinance.

    • Most of the county is not zoned.
    • Highland Park and Forest Park are citizen-driven Part I zoned areas.
    • Other zoning is considered countywide Part II zoning.
    • Construction in any zoned area requires a Zoning Compliance Permit.
    • The county planning page identifies current June 2023 regulations for Forest Park and Highland Park; numeric district standards were not extracted here.
    “Currently most of the County does not have zoning. Zoning in the County consist of two citizen driven zoned areas”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Varies (with conditions) — Aggregate of local zoning within Dawson County; the conclusion reflects countywide Part II zoning and the two county-recognized citizen-driven Part I districts, Highland Park and Forest Park, rather than claiming the county administers every local ordinance.
      “Currently most of the County does not have zoning.”
    • Present (with conditions) — Construction and land-use regulation in the Highland Park and Forest Park citizen-driven Part I zoned areas.
      “citizen driven zoned areas (Part I zoning), Highland Park and Forest Park.”
  • Zoning districtsPublished (with conditions)

    Zoning districts and zoning coverage in Dawson County, with countywide aggregation limited to the county's published zoning information.

    • Most of the county does not have zoning.
    • The county identifies two citizen-driven Part I zoned areas: Highland Park and Forest Park.
    • The county also states that other zoning is considered countywide Part II zoning.
    • A Zoning Compliance Permit is needed for construction in zoned areas.
    • This claim does not apply to the City of Glendive's separate municipal zoning ordinance.
    “Currently most of the County does not have zoning. Zoning in the County consist of two citizen driven zoned areas (Part I zoning), Highland Park and Forest Park. The other zoning is considered as county-wide (Part II) zoning.”
  • Minimum dwelling sizeNone

    County zoning minimum-dwelling-size requirements in the portions of unincorporated Dawson County that are outside the county's identified zoned areas.

    • The source states that most of the county does not have zoning, but it also identifies Highland Park, Forest Park, and county-wide Part II zoning.
    • This claim addresses county zoning dimensional controls only; other state, health, septic, floodplain, subdivision, or building-code requirements may apply.
    “Currently most of the County does not have zoning.”
  • Minimum lot sizeNone

    County zoning minimum-lot-size requirements in the portions of unincorporated Dawson County that are outside the county's identified zoned areas.

    • The source states that most of the county does not have zoning, but it also identifies Highland Park, Forest Park, and county-wide Part II zoning.
    • Subdivision, septic, health, floodplain, and other applicable requirements may still impose parcel or development constraints.
    “Currently most of the County does not have zoning.”
    6 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Specified — Residential and mobile/manufactured-home lots in the Highland Park Planning and Zoning District.
      “shall contain no less than 7150 square feet.”
    • District specific (with conditions) — Lots and development in the Forest Park Residential Zoning District (R-FP), Dawson County, Montana.
      “Development in the R-FP District shall comply with the Dimensional Standards as described: Dimensional Standards, R-FP District Lot Standards Lot Area, Minimum Square Feet, single family 7,200 Lot Frontage, Minimum Feet, single family 60 Duplex/Multi-Family Standards Lot Size, Minimum Square Feet, per dwelling unit 3,600 Internal Side Yard Setback (Feet) 0 Lot Frontage, Minimum Feet, per dwelling unit 30 Minimum Setbacks (Feet) Front 20 Side 5 Rear 25 Side Corner 20”
    • District specific (with conditions) — Lots and development in the Forest Park Manufactured Home Residential Zoning District (MF-FP), Dawson County, Montana.
      “Development in the MF-FP District shall comply with the Dimensional Standards as described: Dimensional Standards, MF-FP District Lot Standards Lot Area, Minimum Square Feet, single family 7,200 Lot Frontage, Minimum Feet, single family 60 Duplex/Multi-Family Standards Lot Size, Minimum Square Feet, per dwelling unit 3,600 Internal Side Yard Setback (Feet) 0 Lot Frontage, Minimum Feet, per dwelling unit 30 Minimum Setbacks (Feet) Single Family and Multi-Family Front 20 Side 5 Rear 25 Side Corner 20 Manufactured Home Standards Lot Size, Minimum Square Feet 4,800 Lot Frontage, Minimum Feet 20 plus width of unit Minimum Setbacks (Feet) Manufactured Homes Front 20 Side 10 Rear 20 Side Corner 20”
    • District specific (with conditions) — Lots and development in the Forest Park General Commercial Zoning District (GC-FP), Dawson County, Montana.
      “Development in the MF-FP District shall comply with the Dimensional Standards as described: Dimensional Standards, GC-FP District Lot Standards Lot Area, Minimum Square Feet, single family 5,000 Lot Frontage, Minimum Feet, single family 50 Minimum Setbacks (Feet) Front Lots 1 – 6 in Blocks 3 -7 0 Front All Other Lots and Blocks 20 Side 10 Rear 15 Side Corner 15 Building Standards (Feet) Building Height 45 Accessory Structures Setback, Rear (No Alley Access) 5 Setback, Rear (Alley Access) 14 Height 35”
    • Specified — Single-family and duplex or multi-family lots in the Highland Park R-HP Residential Zoning District.
      “Lot Area, Minimum Square Feet, single family 7,150”
    • Specified — Single-family and duplex or multi-family lots in the Forest Park R-FP district.
      “Lot Standards Lot Area, Minimum Square Feet, single family 7,200 Lot Frontage, Minimum Feet, single family 60 Duplex/Multi-Family Standards Lot Size, Minimum Square Feet, per dwelling unit 3,600 Internal Side Yard Setback (Feet) 0 Lot Frontage, Minimum Feet, per dwelling unit 30”
  • SetbacksNone

    County zoning setback requirements in the portions of unincorporated Dawson County that are outside the county's identified zoned areas.

    • The source states that most of the county does not have zoning, but it also identifies Highland Park, Forest Park, and county-wide Part II zoning.
    • The permit form requests the position of a building on the lot and other placement information when a zoning compliance permit applies.
    • Other non-zoning requirements may apply.
    “Currently most of the County does not have zoning.”
    5 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • District specific (with conditions) — Development in the Forest Park General Commercial Zoning District (GC-FP), Dawson County, Montana.
      “Development in the MF-FP District shall comply with the Dimensional Standards as described: Dimensional Standards, GC-FP District Lot Standards Lot Area, Minimum Square Feet, single family 5,000 Lot Frontage, Minimum Feet, single family 50 Minimum Setbacks (Feet) Front Lots 1 – 6 in Blocks 3 -7 0 Front All Other Lots and Blocks 20 Side 10 Rear 15 Side Corner 15 Building Standards (Feet) Building Height 45 Accessory Structures Setback, Rear (No Alley Access) 5 Setback, Rear (Alley Access) 14 Height 35”
    • Specified — Single-family and multi-family development in the Highland Park R-HP Residential Zoning District.
      “wherever these regulations are at variance with other regulations, laws, ordinances, rules, or permits or by easements, covenants, or agreements, the more restrictive or those imposing higher standards, shall govern.”
    • Specified — Single-family, multi-family, and single-wide manufactured-home development in the Highland Park MF-HP Mobile/Manufactured Home Residential Zoning District.
      “Single wide Manufactured Home Standards Lot Size, Minimum Square Feet 3,575 Lot Frontage, Minimum Feet 32 Minimum Setbacks (Feet) Single wide Manufactured Homes Front 20 Side 10 Rear 3 Side Corner 10”
    • Specified — Single-family and multi-family development in the Forest Park R-FP Residential Zoning District.
      “Minimum Setbacks (Feet) Front 20 Side 5 Rear 25 Side Corner 20 Building Standards (Feet) Building Height 35 Accessory Structures Setback, Rear (No Alley Access) 5 Setback, Rear (Alley Access) 14”
    • Specified — Single-family, multi-family, and manufactured-home development in the Forest Park MF-FP district.
      “Minimum Setbacks (Feet) Manufactured Homes Front 20 Side 10 Rear 20 Side Corner 20 Building Standards (Feet) Building Height 35 Accessory Structures Setback, Rear (No Alley Access) 5 Setback, Rear (Alley Access) 14”
  • Living in an RVLimited

    Overnight use of RVs or camping trailers on Montana state trust land parcels in Dawson County.

    • A recreational use license is required for general recreational use by persons age 12 or older.
    • On leased or licensed land, overnight use must be within 200 feet of a customary access point or qualifying public waters.
    • Motorized vehicles and camping trailers must be parked according to the applicable 50-foot customary-access-point rule and may not block access or gates or damage land or improvements.
    • In a designated campground, the maximum stay is 16 days in a 30-day period.
    • For dispersed camping outside a designated campground, the maximum stay is two consecutive days on leased or licensed land, or 16 days in a 30-day period on land that is not leased or licensed.
    • State trust land may be subject to site-specific restrictions, closures, wildlife-management-area or block-management-area rules, legal-access requirements, and penalties.
    • The cited rule states it became effective November 8, 2025.

    customary access point or qualifying public waters distance: <= 200 feet (overnight use of leased or licensed land) · designated campground maximum stay: 16 days per 30-day period · dispersed camping maximum stay on leased or licensed land: 2 consecutive days · dispersed camping maximum stay on unleased or unlicensed land: 16 days per 30-day period

    “(c) Overnight use may not exceed the following time limits: (i) In a designated campground, the maximum stay is 16 days in a 30-day period. (ii) For dispersed camping outside of a designated campground, the maximum stay is: (A) two consecutive days on leased or licensed land; or (B) 16 days in a 30-day period on land that is not leased or licensed.”
  • Manufactured homesAllowed

    Single- and double-wide manufactured homes in the Forest Park Manufactured Home District (MF-FP)

    • The Forest Park regulations state that the ordinance is effective June 2023.
    • Minimum lot size is 4,800 square feet.
    • Minimum lot frontage is 20 feet plus the width of the unit.
    • Required yards are 20 feet front, 10 feet side, 20 feet rear, and 20 feet side-corner.
    • Manufactured/modular homes built on a permanent foundation are listed as permitted uses.
    • A Zoning Compliance Permit is required before a structure is built, moved, or added.

    minimum lot size: >= 4800 square feet · minimum lot frontage: 20 plus width of unit feet · minimum front yard: >= 20 feet · minimum side yard: >= 10 feet · minimum rear yard: >= 20 feet · minimum side-corner yard: >= 20 feet

    “Regulations effective June 2023 [...] Single family residences, including single and double wide Manufactured homes. Parks Community gardens Accessory Building Signs (see general provisions) Manufactured/modular homes built on a permanent foundation. [...] Manufactured Home Standards Lot Size, Minimum Square Feet 4,800 Lot Frontage, Minimum Feet 20 plus width of unit Minimum Setbacks (Feet) Manufactured Homes Front 20 Side 10 Rear 20 Side Corner 20”
  • Septic permitRequired

    Installation of a drainfield in Dawson County, including property with a Certificate of Subdivision Approval.

    • A drainfield permit is required even when the property has a Certificate of Subdivision Approval.
    • The cited page does not identify the local health department by county name.
    • Separate state permits may apply to systems discharging into state waters.
    “a drainfield permit is still required by the local health department.”
  • Driveway accessRequired

    Physical access to subdivisions and each lot regulated by the Dawson County, City of Glendive, and Town of Richey Subdivision Regulations.

    • The cited requirement applies to subdivisions and each lot within a subdivision.
    • Construction must meet Chapter VII-F sub-grade standards, applicable Design Standards, or preliminary plat conditions of approval.
    • The source does not establish a countywide driveway permit requirement for every standalone driveway outside subdivision review.
    “Physical access to the subdivision and to each lot shall be constructed to the sub-grade standards established in Chapter VII - F or pursuant to Dawson County, The City of Glendive, and the Town of Richey Design Standards or as otherwise required by preliminary plat conditions of approval;”
  • Building in a floodplainRequired

    New development within a designated Special Flood Hazard Area in Dawson County, including development requiring review by the county floodplain administrator.

    • The applicant must check with the local floodplain administrator to determine whether a Special Flood Hazard Area has been designated for the stream of interest.
    • The Montana DNRC identifies county floodplain administrators as the administrators of floodplain permits.
    • Application fees and timelines are established by the local government and vary throughout Montana.
    • Dawson County's Planning Department administers floodplain administration.
    “Anyone planning new development within a designated Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA). Check with local floodplain administrator to determine whether a Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA) has been designated for the stream of interest.”
  • Permit feesPublished (with conditions)

    Dawson County zoning compliance permit applications for construction in zoned areas.

    • The county zoning page states that a Zoning Compliance Permit is needed for construction in zoned areas.
    • The application identifies Highland Park, Forest Park, and an Other zoning designation, but the published form does not state different fee amounts for those districts.
    • The form separately lists a fence fee and a building fee.

    fence zoning compliance permit fee: 50 USD · building zoning compliance permit fee: 75 USD

    “Fee Received: $50.00 Fence $75.00 Building”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Variable (with conditions) — Zoning Compliance Permit applications for construction in Dawson County zoned areas, including Highland Park and Forest Park.
      “A fee as set by the County Commissioners”
    • Published (with conditions) — Dawson County zoning compliance permit applications in zoned areas, including Highland Park, Forest Park, and the application’s Other zoning designation
      “Fee Received: $50.00 Fence $75.00 Building”
  • Permit processPartial

    Construction in Dawson County zoning areas administered by the county, including Highland Park, Forest Park, and county-wide Part II zoning areas.

    • A Zoning Compliance Permit is needed for construction in zoned areas.
    • Most of Dawson County does not have zoning, so this source does not establish a countywide permit requirement for unzoned areas.
    • The county planning department also administers subdivision review and floodplain administration.
    “In all these zoned areas, a Zoning Compliance Permit-(changing from reference to Building Permit) is needed for Construction in Zoned Areas.”

Montana rules that apply here

  • Building code adoptedPartial

    Building-code adoption and enforcement affecting Dawson County, including state-jurisdiction areas outside certified local government programs.

    • Montana permits cities, counties, and towns to enforce local building, electrical, plumbing, and mechanical codes only through certified local programs.
    • Areas that do not enforce building codes locally fall under the State Building Codes Program.
    • The state states that it adopts a uniform state building code enforced statewide for residential and commercial buildings.
    • The current codes page states that the 2024 International Building Code and International Residential Code became effective September 26, 2026.
    • Specific state-law exemptions and project-specific permit requirements may apply.

    International Building Code edition: 2024 · International Residential Code edition: 2024 · code effective date: 2026-09-26

    “Below is a list of all certified local government building code jurisdictions [...] All other areas are under the jurisdiction of the State Building Codes Bureau”
    3 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Adopted (with conditions) — State-adopted building codes applicable in Dawson County areas that are not within a certified local building-code enforcement jurisdiction.
      “All other areas are under the jurisdiction of the State Building Codes Bureau”
    • Adopted (with conditions) — Montana's uniform state building code for residential and commercial buildings statewide.
      “In addition, the program is responsible for adopting a uniform state building code, which is enforced statewide for residential and commercial buildings across Montana.”
    • Partial — Montana's statewide building-code framework for residential and commercial construction.
      “In Montana, cities, counties and towns have the option to enforce local building, electrical, plumbing, and mechanical codes, all or in part (except for state-owned agencies, which must be permitted through this Department). These local building code enforcement programs must be certified by the BC Program. The remaining cities, counties and towns that have chosen not to enforce building codes, fall under the jurisdiction of the BC Program. [...] the program is responsible for adopting a uniform state building code, which is enforced statewide for residential and commercial buildings across Montana.”
  • Certificate of occupancyLimited

    Buildings constructed in accordance with the Montana state building code or a county, city, or town building code.

    • The certificate must certify that the building conforms to the applicable building regulations.
    • The statute addresses certificates for buildings constructed under the state or local building code; it does not establish a universal certificate requirement for every structure or every occupancy.
    “A certificate of occupancy for a building constructed in accordance with the provisions of the state building code or county, city, or town building code must certify that the building conforms to the requirements of the building regulations applicable to it.”
  • Accessory dwellingsAllowed (with conditions)

    Accessory dwelling units in Montana county jurisdictional areas, including Dawson County areas where the board of county commissioners has established zoning regulations under the county-zoning part of Montana law.

    • The rule applies where the board of county commissioners has established zoning regulations under MCA 76-2-215.
    • At least one accessory dwelling unit must be allowed by right on a lot or parcel containing a single-family dwelling.
    • The ADU may be attached, detached, or internal.
    • The ADU must be a self-contained living unit with cooking, sleeping, and sanitation facilities and comply with or be exempt from applicable building, fire, and public-health regulations.
    • A county may charge a one-time application-review fee up to $250, in addition to usual building fees.
    • The statute does not supersede applicable building, fire, or public-health and safety regulations.
    • The county may regulate short-term rentals.
    • For a parcel with existing public water and wastewater service with capacity, DEQ must provide a 15-day expedited sanitation review; this subsection terminates September 30, 2029.

    maximum one-time ADU application-review fee: <= 250 USD (usual building fees may also apply) · expedited sanitation review: 15 days (existing public water and wastewater service with capacity; subsection terminates September 30, 2029)

    “In jurisdictional areas where the board of county commissioners has established zoning regulations under this part, the regulations must allow a minimum of one accessory dwelling unit by right on a lot or parcel that contains a single-family dwelling.”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Allowed (with conditions) — Accessory dwelling units in jurisdictional areas where a Montana county has established zoning regulations under MCA Title 76, chapter 2, part 2.
      “In jurisdictional areas where the board of county commissioners has established zoning regulations under this part, the regulations must allow a minimum of one accessory dwelling unit by right on a lot or parcel that contains a single-family dwelling.”
    • Allowed (with conditions) — Accessory dwelling units in Montana municipalities that exercise zoning powers under MCA Title 76, chapter 2, part 3.
      “A municipality shall adopt regulations under this chapter that allow a minimum of one accessory dwelling unit by right on a lot or parcel that contains a single-family dwelling.”
  • Who permits septicMixed (with conditions)

    On-site wastewater and septic administration affecting Dawson County, including subdivision sanitation review, state discharge permitting, and local drainfield permitting.

    • Montana DEQ administers subdivision sanitation review for divisions of land comprising less than 20 acres and certain other developments.
    • A local health department issues the drainfield permit even when a Certificate of Subdivision Approval exists.
    • A separate state groundwater discharge permit may be required when the disposal system discharges into state waters.
    “The DEQ Subdivision Program reviews divisions”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Mixed (with conditions) — Montana statewide sanitation and septic regulation, including subdivision sanitation review and drainfield permitting.
      “The DEQ Subdivision Program reviews divisions of land comprising less than 20 acres [...] This review is limited to sanitation facilities, including the water supply, sewage disposal, solid waste disposal, and storm drainage systems. [...] Yes, even thought you have a COSA, a drainfield permit is still required by the local health department.”
  • Off-grid sanitationLimited

    Private on-site sanitation using a drainfield or other wastewater disposal system in Dawson County.

    • A drainfield permit is required from the local health department even when a Certificate of Subdivision Approval exists.
    • For divisions of land comprising less than 20 acres and specified parks or condominiums, DEQ reviews sanitation facilities before parcels are created.
    • A valid state permit is required for a disposal system, outlet, or discharge that discharges sewage or other wastes into state waters.

    subdivision parcel threshold: < 20 acres (Condominiums and recreational camping vehicle and mobile home parks are reviewed regardless of parcel size.)

    “requires a valid permit for the following activities”
  • Well permitLimited

    New groundwater developments in Montana using 35 gallons per minute or less and no more than 10 acre-feet per year.

    • All water uses starting after June 30, 1973, require a water right either through a water-use permit or an exception to the permitting process.
    • The development may qualify for the exception; qualification is not automatic.
    • Completed groundwater uses that meet the permit exception receive a Groundwater Certificate rather than a water permit.
    • A permitted water right is required for a combined appropriation from the same source by two or more wells or developed springs exceeding 10 acre-feet, regardless of flow rate.
    • All lots in a multi-phase subdivision must share a combined water-use limit of 10 acre-feet per year to qualify for a permit exception.
    • Beginning January 1, 2026, a water user intending to develop water use through a permit exception must file a Notice of Intent with DNRC before using water from an exempt well.
    • DNRC reviews a correct and complete Notice of Intent within 10 business days; if eligible, it authorizes the Notice of Intent and gives the user five years to complete the project, put the water to use, and file a Notice of Completion.
    • If the proposed use is not eligible, the Notice of Intent is denied and the user is directed to the water-right permit process.
    • The Notice of Intent filing fee is $400.
    • An authorized Notice of Intent expires after five years, with an opportunity for one five-year extension.

    maximum flow rate: <= 35 gpm · maximum annual volume: <= 10 acre-feet per year · Notice of Intent fee: 400 USD (Beginning January 1, 2026) · Notice of Intent review period: 10 business days (For a correct and complete Notice of Intent) · authorized Notice of Intent term: 5 years (One five-year extension opportunity is available)

    “Permit Exceptions, a.k.a. Exempt Wells: Small groundwater developments that use 35 gpm or less and do not exceed 10 acre-feet per year are known as “exempt wells” and may qualify for an exception to the water permit process.”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Limited — Groundwater wells and other groundwater developments in Dawson County under Montana's permit-exception rules.
      “a groundwater well, spring, pit, or pond with a use of 35 gallons per minute or less, not to exceed 10 acre-feet per year”
    • Required — Surface-water uses and groundwater uses exceeding 35 gallons per minute or 10 acre-feet per year in Montana.
      “Water Permits: A water permit is required for all surface water use and groundwater uses over 35 gallons per minute (gpm) or 10 acre-feet per year.”
  • Agricultural exemptionAvailable (with conditions)

    Farm and ranch buildings in Montana's state building-permit jurisdiction, including applicable unincorporated areas of Dawson County outside a certified local-government jurisdiction.

    • The exemption applies in the State's jurisdiction.
    • Projects within the jurisdictional limits of a certified local government program are treated separately.
    • Other local requirements may still apply.

    exempt building type: farm and ranch buildings (Only in the State's jurisdiction.)

    “In the State's jurisdiction, state law exempts the following from the need to obtain state building permits: 1. farm and ranch buildings”
  • Subdividing landLimited

    Statewide divisions of land creating parcels for sale or other transfer under the Montana Subdivision and Platting Act.

    • A subdivision generally consists only of parcels containing less than 160 acres that cannot be described as a one-quarter aliquot part of a United States government section.
    • The subdivision plat must show all parcels, whether contiguous or not.
    • The statutory definition includes resubdivisions and condominiums.
    • Certain divisions or aggregations are not subdivisions under the chapter but remain subject to survey requirements and applicable zoning regulations.
    • The statutory exemptions do not apply when the method of disposition is adopted for the purpose of evading the chapter.

    parcel threshold: < 160 acres (A parcel describable as a one-quarter aliquot part of a United States government section is excluded from the subdivision definition.)

    “subdivision comprises only those parcels containing less than 160 acres that cannot be described as a one-quarter aliquot part of a United States government section”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Regulated (with conditions) — Subdivision and exempt land-division activity in Dawson County, Montana, under statewide Montana subdivision and sanitation laws.
      “The subdivider shall present to the governing body or to the agent or agency designated by the governing body the subdivision application”
  • Short-term rentalsLimited

    Short-term rentals operated in Montana.

    • A Property Manager license is required unless the operator qualifies for an exemption under MCA § 37-56-104 or MCA § 50-51.
    • Local land-use, lodging, tax, and public-accommodation requirements may also apply.

    application fee: 50 USD

    “Short Term Rentals: A Property Manager license is required for short term rentals unless an operator qualifies for an exemption”
  • Campground & park staysLimited

    Camping in Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks public-use sites.

    • Camping is prohibited except in areas specifically designated or marked for camping.
    • A camping unit, vehicle, equipment, or personal items may not be left overnight without a person present.
    • Camping longer than 7 nights at one or more campsites in a public use area during any consecutive 30-day period is prohibited unless otherwise posted by the department.
    • Designated occupancy limits must not be exceeded.
    • Special-use-permit terms must be followed unless otherwise posted.
    • Campsites must be vacated by 1 p.m. on the day of departure; camping facilities must be vacated by 12 p.m. on the day of departure.

    maximum camping duration: <= 7 nights per consecutive 30-day period (unless otherwise posted by the department) · campsite departure time: 1 p.m. · camping-facility departure time: 12 p.m.

    “Unless otherwise posted by the department, within a public use site it is prohibited to: [...] camp at one or more campsites in a public use area for a period of longer than 7 nights during any consecutive 30-day period, beginning with the first night occupied unless otherwise posted by the department;”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Limited — Dispersed and designated-campground temporary camping on legally accessible Montana state trust land administered by DNRC.
      “Dispersed camping is allowed on state trust land with the appropriate permit and with certain restrictions. Dispersed camping on state trust land is allowed with a Conservation License. Camping that is incidental to hunting or fishing is permitted through your conservation license, and no additional permitting is required. Group camping requires a special recreational use license. On leased or licensed land: 2 days On unleased/unlicensed land: 16 days within a 30-day period Within designated campground: 16 days within a 30-day period”
  • county zoning authorityGeneral

    Montana county boards of commissioners' authority to adopt zoning regulations, including in unincorporated portions of established jurisdictional areas.

    • The board of county commissioners must have adopted a growth policy pursuant to Title 76, chapter 1.
    • Zoning may be adopted for all or parts of the jurisdictional area in accordance with Title 76, chapter 2, part 2.
    • Within unincorporated portions of an established jurisdictional area, the board may establish zoning regulations by resolution or divide the county into zoning districts.
    • Zoning regulations may regulate the erection, construction, reconstruction, alteration, repair, location, or use of buildings or structures and the use of land.
    • An action challenging creation of a zoning district or adoption of zoning regulations must be commenced within 6 months after the board's order.
    • Regulations in one district may differ from those in other districts.
    • The statute also states that zoning regulations may not treat manufactured housing or factory-built housing units differently from other residential units, subject to the statutory presumption concerning placement.

    challenge period: 6 months (after the date of the board order creating the district or adopting the regulations)

    “For the purpose of promoting the public health, safety, morals, and general welfare, a board of county commissioners that has adopted a growth policy pursuant to chapter 1 is authorized to adopt zoning regulations for all or parts of the jurisdictional area in accordance with the provisions of this part.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • General — Montana county boards of commissioners adopting zoning regulations for all or parts of their jurisdictional areas, including unincorporated portions where the statutory prerequisites are met.
      “a board of county commissioners that has adopted a growth policy pursuant to chapter 1 is authorized to adopt zoning regulations”
  • county building authorityGeneral

    Montana counties may adopt and enforce building codes and require construction permits for residential construction in unincorporated county areas, subject to the statutory certification, geographic, code-content, and permit requirements.

    • A county may adopt a building code by ordinance or resolution, or authorize adoption by administrative action.
    • A county may adopt its building code on a countywide basis unless a city or town within the county has adopted a building code; the county may not enforce its county building code within that city or town.
    • The county code-enforcement program must be certified by the Montana Department of Labor and Industry.
    • The current adopted code, current fee list, and current enforcement plan must be filed with and approved by the Department.
    • Inspectors must satisfy the stated state-licensing or approved national-certification requirements.
    • Except for voluntary incentive-based energy-conservation standards, the county may not adopt or enforce a building code more stringent than the code adopted by the Department or required by state law.
    • The county may prohibit construction from commencing until the required permit is issued after compliance is shown.
    • The general construction-permit requirement applies to buildings subject to Title 50, chapter 60, parts 1 through 4.
    • State agency-owned buildings remain under state Department jurisdiction for plan review, permitting, and inspections.
    “The local legislative body of a county, city, or town may adopt a building code to apply to the county, city, or town by an ordinance or resolution, as appropriate: (a) adopting a building code; or (b) authorizing the adoption of a building code by administrative action.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • General — Montana counties' authority to adopt and enforce building codes and require building-code administration for construction in county areas, including unincorporated areas.
      “The local legislative body of a county, city, or town may adopt a building code to apply to the county, city, or town by an ordinance or resolution, as appropriate: (a) adopting a building code; or (b) authorizing the adoption of a building code by administrative action.”

Still unanswered

We looked and could not find an official answer yet. Silence is not permission — ask the county directly.

  • Lot coverage — Lot coverage in Dawson County, including Highland Park and Forest Park
  • Building height — Building and structure height in unincorporated Dawson County, including the Highland Park and Forest Park zoned areas.
  • Camping on your land — Temporary camping on private land in Dawson County
  • Tiny homes — Occupancy of tiny homes on private land in Dawson County, including unincorporated areas and county-zoned districts.
  • Septic inspection — Septic-system inspection in Dawson County, Montana.
1 more unanswered
  • Mandatory utility hookup

Each answer was extracted from an official source and independently re-checked against that source by a second reviewer. That is an evidence check, not legal advice. Rules change; confirm with the authority before you buy or build.

Living off-grid in Dawson County, Montana

Is Dawson County a good place to live off-grid or homestead?

Dawson County scores 48/100 on the Bolthole Index, a solid county profile. Its strengths: deep seclusion — about 576 people within 15 miles and manageable long-term carry cost. Watch-outs: weak self-sufficiency basics: only 14.4″ of rain a year and elevated current hazard exposure.

Do you need a building permit in Dawson County, Montana?

Dawson County requires a building permit only in limited cases (such as floodplains or specific zones), and it enforces county zoning. Onsite septic is permitted by Dawson County Sanitarian / Environmental Health. Owner-builders may act as their own contractor to build their home. These answers are quoted from official sources and independently re-checked. Rules change and cities within the county differ — always confirm with the county before you buy or build.

Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in Dawson County?

Living in an RV on your own land in Dawson County is limited to specific cases: Statewide rule. RV, camper-trailer, and other trailer overnight use for general recreation on legally accessible Montana state trust land administered by DNRC. A Conservation License is required for dispersed camping on state trust land. RV or trailer camping must be within 50 feet of a customary access point; motorized vehicles must be parked within 50 feet of a customary access point, and the camper or trailer may not be set up farther away by driving beyond that point. Confirm with the county before relying on it.

How much does land cost in Dawson County, Montana?

Land in Dawson County runs about $981 per acre, based on the latest county data.

What is the water situation in Dawson County?

Dawson County gets about 14.4" of rain a year, with severe drought in roughly 14.7% of years.

How remote is Dawson County?

A typical private-land location has about 576 people within 15 miles and 91,595 within 100 miles. These radius catchments are the published fallback where road routing is unavailable.

How Dawson compares in Montana

Compare side-by-side →See all 56 Montana counties ranked →