Bolthole Index

Deschutes County, Oregon

Building permits, zoning and land rules in Deschutes County, Oregon

54Index Score / 100
#25 of 36 in Oregon

Unincorporated Deschutes County, Oregon requires a county building permit for a new home, and most homes also need a planning (land-use) review and a septic permit first12. All three come from Deschutes County Community Development at 117 NW Lafayette Avenue in Bend34. Since April 1, 2026, every new dwelling and new accessory structure in unincorporated Deschutes County must meet the state's wildfire fire-hardening code5.

At a glance

Building permit
Required from Deschutes County Building Safety; building review runs about 8-9 weeks16
Zoning
Yes; county base zones plus overlay zones across unincorporated land7
Septic
County Onsite Wastewater Division; site evaluation with test pits comes first89
Fire hardening
Mandatory on new dwellings and accessory structures since April 1, 20265
RV living
Temporary only: 30 days in 60 without a permit, 6 months a year with one, or during construction10
Minimum parcel
10 acres in RR-10, MUA-10 and UAR-10; 80 acres for non-irrigated EFU and forest zones11
Wells
State permit; landowners drilling their own well post a $10,000 bond12
Owner-builder
Available for owner-built homes, but permits and inspections still apply13

Who to call

Building permits

Deschutes County Community Development, Building Safety Division

Building permits, plan review and inspections in unincorporated Deschutes County

541-385-1743

117 NW Lafayette Avenue, Bend, OR 97703

Online permits →

Planning & zoning

Deschutes County Community Development, Planning Division

Zoning, land-use permits, RV and ADU approvals, land divisions

541-388-6560

planning@deschutes.org

117 NW Lafayette Avenue, Bend, OR 97703

Building permits

Deschutes County Community Development: permit processing times

Queue times for building, septic and driveway access permits

Building permits

Deschutes County Community Development: permitting process guide

How planning, septic and building permits fit together

Septic permits

Deschutes County Community Development, Onsite Wastewater Division: site evaluations

Septic site evaluations, onsite permits and inspections

Septic permits

Deschutes County Onsite Wastewater Division: Southern Deschutes County groundwater protection

Nitrogen-reducing septic requirements in southern Deschutes County

Contact details are copied from each office’s official page and were checked against it on October 10, 2026.

Off-grid gear

Going off-grid in Deschutes County means bringing your own water and power. The kit we’d start with:

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Do you need a building permit in Deschutes County, Oregon?

Yes. In unincorporated Deschutes County, new construction and structural, plumbing, mechanical and electrical alterations need permits under the Oregon Residential Specialty Code, administered by Deschutes County Community Development1. Oregon's adopted residential code governs one- and two-family dwellings and townhouses and is based on the International Residential Code14. The owner or the owner's agent must get the permit before regulated work begins, and new habitable rooms or bathrooms always need one2. Each county permit needs at least one inspection, all applicable permits need approved finals, and a new dwelling or townhouse needs a certificate of occupancy before use unless the building official issues a temporary certificate1516.

Since April 1, 2026, all new dwellings and new accessory structures in unincorporated Deschutes County must meet the Section R327 fire-hardening standard5. Non-habitable sheds under 400 square feet and no taller than 15 feet are exempt, as are additions and HUD-code manufactured homes5. Qualifying farm and horse buildings may be exempt from structural permits, but electrical, mechanical and plumbing permits still apply17.

The 2026 Oregon Residential Specialty Code took effect on October 1, 2026, with a six-month phase-in: until April 1, 2027, builders may use either the 2023 or the 2026 edition, and the 2026 construction provisions become mandatory on April 1, 202718. Ask the Building Safety Division which edition your plans should follow.

Who is the Deschutes County building department, and how do you apply?

Deschutes County Community Development handles building, septic and planning permits from one building at 117 NW Lafayette Avenue in Bend3. The Building Safety Division issues building permits, and plans examiners answer project questions in person Monday through Friday, 9 am to 4 pm, or at 541-385-174354. The Planning Division's Planner of the Day takes zoning questions at 541-388-6560 or planning@deschutes.org3.

Building and septic permits are filed online through Oregon ePermitting, but planning permits are not4. Planning applications may be emailed, delivered in person or mailed, and the fee depends on the application and current schedule1920. Plan on the queue: about 1 week for intake, 10 days for planning review, 8-9 weeks for building review and 4-6 weeks for septic review6. An incomplete application is withdrawn, not held, so upload every document at once6. Incorporated municipalities may administer their own zoning, so use the appropriate city office for land inside city limits21.

Does Deschutes County have zoning?

Yes. Unincorporated Deschutes County has base zones that set allowed uses, minimum parcel size and development standards, plus combining or overlay zones that add conditions7. Look up your parcel's zones in the county's DIAL property information system22. Subdivisions and plats also receive county review under Oregon law and local ordinances, with zoning, septic, access and dimensional requirements depending on the proposal23.

Minimum parcel sizes for a standard land division are 10 acres in the RR-10, MUA-10 and UAR-10 zones, and 80 acres for non-irrigated EFU land and the F1/F2 forest zones11. Setbacks differ by zone: RR-10 requires 20 feet in front from a local street, 10 feet on the sides and 20 feet in the rear24. In MUA-10, side and rear setbacks grow to 100 feet for a dwelling next to land with farm tax deferral24. We could not confirm a general county minimum home size; qualifying owner-builders may instead claim a narrow state exemption from structural-code rules for room size, ceiling height and temperature, but permits and other rules remain13.

In the RR-10 zone, a house and its accessory buildings together may cover no more than 30 percent of the lot, and no building may exceed 30 feet in height unless an exception applies2526. Short-term rentals are not allowed in Forest Use Zones or Exclusive Farm Use Zones, which matters if you plan to rent a cabin on resource land27. No new dwelling, manufactured home or accessory structure is allowed in the floodway of a river or stream, and building elsewhere in the flood plain requires showing that no alternative site on the parcel exists28.

How do septic permits work in Deschutes County?

The Deschutes County Onsite Wastewater Division issues septic permits, and an approved site evaluation is required before you apply for a new one829. Dig 3 to 5 test pits before the evaluation; the report sets the minimum system and where it can go9. If a valid evaluation is already on file for the parcel, you do not need a new one9. Frozen winter ground can stop a site evaluation, so apply early4.

Where public sewer is unavailable, a home needs an approved onsite system, and every fixture that generates human wastewater must connect to an approved sewage system30. Soils are a real constraint: the NRCS rates only 2.9% of the county's soils free of severe limits for a conventional drain field31. Sand filter, pressure distribution and ATT systems need extra documents and a signed operation and maintenance contract29. In southern Deschutes County, DEQ reviews each site, and the usual result is a nitrogen-reducing treatment system32. Systems are inspected before backfill and again at final33. Pit privies are prohibited under county code, so an off-grid cabin still needs an approved onsite system34.

Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in Deschutes County?

Only on a limited basis. On vacant land with no dwelling, one RV may be used for up to 30 total days in any rolling 60-day period without a permit, or up to 6 months in a calendar year with a Temporary Use Permit; wastewater must be disposed of lawfully and the use cannot become permanent housing35. While you build, you may live in an RV once the building permit is issued, until 18 months after issuance or 2 months after completion, whichever comes first10. On a lot with an established dwelling, an RV is for storage only, except for a planning-approved medical hardship36.

An RV rental dwelling is allowed in the RR-10, MUA-10, UAR-10, SR 2½ and WTZ zones on at least 2 acres, with an owner-occupied main house10. A tiny home qualifies for that use only if titled as an RV, typically no wider than 8.5 feet, with no decks or porches attached37. An ADU is allowed only in rural residential exception areas, up to 900 square feet and within 100 feet of the main house38. A manufactured dwelling needs its placement permit after any required planning review, septic approval and driveway-access work39.

What are the steps to build a home in rural Deschutes County?

  1. Pull the parcel's report in DIAL to confirm zones and any past permits or site evaluations229.
  2. Ask the Planner of the Day whether your house needs a land-use permit, and apply by email if it does3.
  3. Dig 3 to 5 test pits and apply for a septic site evaluation, avoiding frozen-ground months94.
  4. Apply for the onsite (septic) permit through Oregon ePermitting; review takes 4-6 weeks6.
  5. Get a driveway access permit; Road Department review takes about 3 weeks6.
  6. Apply for the building permit with fire-hardened plans; building review takes 8-9 weeks65.
  7. If you drill your own well, get the state landowner permit and post the bond first12.
  8. Schedule every required inspection, obtain approved finals on related permits, and secure the certificate of occupancy before moving into a new home1516.

What should you check before you buy land in Deschutes County?

Check water first. A landowner drilling their own well needs a $550 state permit and a $10,000 bond or letter of credit before work begins12. The county has had severe drought in 32.8% of years, and rain averages 22.9 inches a year4041. Check the septic record in DIAL: a valid site evaluation on file saves time and money9. In the south county, budget for a nitrogen-reducing system32.

Wildfire shapes the build: fire-hardening rules apply to every new house and most new outbuildings5. About 76.6% of the county is federal land, and 49.6% is wooded4243. Land is expensive: farmland averages about $12,883 an acre, and a typical home is worth about $672,0414445. The effective tax rate is 0.6%, with a median bill of $3,6704647. From the county center, the nearest city of 100,000 or more people is about 5 miles away48.

Watch-outs

  • Since April 1, 2026, every new dwelling and new accessory structure in unincorporated Deschutes County must meet the R327 fire-hardening code, which changes attic vents, decks and eaves5.
  • Deschutes County building review runs about 8-9 weeks and septic review 4-6 weeks, and incomplete applications are withdrawn rather than held6.
  • Frozen winter ground can stop a Deschutes County septic site evaluation, so schedule test pits before winter4.
  • In southern Deschutes County, DEQ reviews each septic site and usually requires a nitrogen-reducing system, which costs more than a standard drain field32.
  • An RV on vacant land in Deschutes County is temporary only (30 days in any 60 without a permit, up to 6 months a year with one); living in it while building requires an issued building permit10.
  • The 2026 Oregon Residential Specialty Code took effect on October 1, 2026 and becomes mandatory on April 1, 2027, so confirm with Building Safety which edition applies to your plans18.

Sources

  1. Deschutes County Community Development - What Permits Do I Need (2026 county census)
  2. 2023 Oregon Residential Specialty Code - Chapter 1, quoted and re-checked
  3. Deschutes County Community Development, Planning Division (deschutescounty.gov)
  4. Deschutes County Community Development: permitting process guide (deschutescounty.gov)
  5. Deschutes County Community Development, Building Safety Division (deschutescounty.gov)
  6. Deschutes County Community Development: permit processing times (deschutescounty.gov)
  7. Zoning Index, quoted and re-checked
  8. Onsite Permit (New Construction and Installation) Application Guide, quoted and re-checked
  9. Deschutes County Community Development, Onsite Wastewater Division: site evaluations (deschutescounty.gov)
  10. Can I Live in a Recreational Vehicle (RV) on My Property?, quoted and re-checked
  11. Zoning Index, quoted and re-checked
  12. Landowner Constructed Wells, quoted and re-checked
  13. Homeowner as Applicant FAQS, quoted and re-checked
  14. Residential Structures Code Program, quoted and re-checked
  15. Inspections, quoted and re-checked
  16. 2023 Oregon Residential Specialty Code - Chapter 1, quoted and re-checked
  17. Agricultural or Equine Exempt Permit Application Guide, quoted and re-checked
  18. Residential Structures Code Program, quoted and re-checked
  19. Planning & Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  20. Planning & Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  21. Zoning Index, quoted and re-checked
  22. Zoning Index, quoted and re-checked
  23. deschutescounty.gov, quoted and re-checked
  24. Zoning 101, quoted and re-checked
  25. Zoning Index, quoted and re-checked
  26. Zoning Index, quoted and re-checked
  27. Deschutes County Code Chapter 4.08, Transient Lodging Tax, quoted and re-checked
  28. Conditional Use Permit Findings, 247-20-000214-CU, quoted and re-checked
  29. Onsite Permit (New Construction and Installation) Application Guide, quoted and re-checked
  30. Onsite/Septic, quoted and re-checked
  31. Share of soils USDA rates "not limited" for a conventional septic drain field (SSURGO). A strict rating: the median county is about 6% and a tenth of counties are 0%, so a low figure means most lots need a site evaluation or an engineered system, not that septic is impossible. Cite it only with that caveat: Bolthole Index county data
  32. Deschutes County Onsite Wastewater Division: Southern Deschutes County groundwater protection (deschutescounty.gov)
  33. Onsite/Septic, quoted and re-checked
  34. Onsite/Septic, quoted and re-checked
  35. Can I Live in a Recreational Vehicle (RV) on My Property?, quoted and re-checked
  36. deschutescounty.gov, quoted and re-checked
  37. deschutescounty.gov, quoted and re-checked
  38. deschutescounty.gov, quoted and re-checked
  39. Manufactured Dwelling Placement Application Guide, quoted and re-checked
  40. Share of years in severe drought: Bolthole Index county data
  41. Annual precipitation: Bolthole Index county data
  42. Federal land share: Bolthole Index county data
  43. Wooded share of land: Bolthole Index county data
  44. Farmland value per acre (USDA census): Bolthole Index county data
  45. Typical home value (Zillow): Bolthole Index county data
  46. Effective property tax rate: Bolthole Index county data
  47. Median property tax bill: Bolthole Index county data
  48. Straight-line distance from the county center to the nearest city of 100,000+ people: Bolthole Index county data

Written October 10, 2026 from the rules quoted below, each taken from an official source and re-checked by an independent reviewer. This is research, not legal advice: rules change, so confirm with the office before you buy or build.

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Compared with neighboring counties

Like all 6 of its neighbors, Deschutes County requires a building permit for a home.

RuleDeschutes CountyJefferson CountyCrook CountyLinn CountyLane CountyWheeler CountyKlamath County
Building permitRequiredRequiredRequiredRequiredRequiredRequiredRequired
County zoningYesYesYesYesYesYesYes
Septic permitsCounty Community DevelopmentCounty Community DevelopmentCounty Community Development On-Site Septic ProgramCounty Env. Health ProgramCounty Land Management Div.OR DEQ Onsite Wastewater ProgramCounty Community Development

County locator

Deschutes County in Oregon

54
County map
Deschutes County highlighted among the Oregon counties · colored by Index score

How Deschutes County scores

Seclusion54100% ev.
Self-Sufficiency36100% ev.
Admin Boringness41100% ev.
Durability52100% ev.
Property Autonomy72100% ev.
Carry Cost38100% ev.

Evidence strength: 100%. This reports direct-source completeness and fallback use; it is separate from the score and is not a confidence interval. How it works →

$672kTypical home
0.6%Property tax
$12,883Land / acre
22.9"Annual rain
32.8% of yrsSevere drought
1.5 / yr (+1.4)Mid-century 100°F days
34.9 daysMid-century dry spell
1.43" (+7.6%)Mid-century 1-day rain
1.18×Wildfire change factor
100%Forward climate coverage
$1,185Home insurance / yr
5.2% / yrInsurance growth
0.59%Nonrenewal rate
county median (2+ published ZIPs)Insurance basis
63,409Radius comparison (15 mi)
69.1People / sq mi
76.6%Federal land
72.2%Land at 15% slope or less
2.9%Soils rated "not limited" for septic (strict USDA rating)
46,185 acWorkable land screen
49.6%Wooded land
32.8 tonsBiomass / forest ac
44.5°FAvg temp

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Cities and towns in Deschutes County

Inside a city or town, that city usually issues building permits and sets zoning; the county’s rules above cover unincorporated land. Septic, wells and floodplain rules usually stay with the county or state everywhere.

Not yet researched: Redmond

Answers from the rulebook for Deschutes County

What the ordinances and state agencies actually say — one answer per question, each quoted from the official source and independently re-checked.

Deschutes County rules

  • Building code adoptedAdopted (with conditions)

    Building-code administration by Deschutes County Building Safety Division in the county building jurisdiction.

    • County building permits and inspections remain subject to the applicable statewide Oregon specialty code.
    • Separate permits may be required for demolition, building, plumbing, electrical, and mechanical work depending on project scope and jurisdiction.
    • This claim does not establish that Deschutes County administers building permits inside every incorporated municipality.
    “A “Building Permit” is a document, issued by Building Safety Division, that authorizes a property owner or contractor to perform a specified type of construction work.”
  • InspectionsRequired

    Building permits administered by Deschutes County Building Department.

    • Inspection requirements vary with the scope and permit type.
    • Permits require a minimum of one inspection and may require several.
    • All permits require a final building, electrical, plumbing, or mechanical inspection.
    • The homeowner or designated contractor must manage the inspection process and ensure the permit closes before expiration.

    minimum inspections: >= 1 inspection (Permit types may require several inspections.)

    “The permit inspection requirements for each permit type can vary due to the scope of work. Permits require a minimum of one inspection and can require several.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Required — Building permits administered by Deschutes County in unincorporated areas.
      “Permits require a minimum of one inspection and can require several.”
  • County-wide zoningPresent (with conditions)

    County zoning and land-use standards in unincorporated Deschutes County.

    • The county base zone specifies allowable uses, minimum parcel size, and development standards.
    • Combining or overlay zones may impose additional conditions and regulatory standards.
    • Destination resorts may have setbacks and allowed uses specific to their land-use approval.
    • Specific property zoning must be checked through the county property information system and applicable county code.
    “A "base zone" is a county zone that specifies allowable uses for real property and land use requirements including minimum parcel size and development standards.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Present (with conditions) — Zoning regulation in unincorporated Deschutes County, including county base zones and combining or overlay zones.
      “A "base zone" is a county zone that specifies allowable uses for real property and land use requirements including minimum parcel size and development standards.”
  • Local zoningVaries (with conditions)

    Local zoning and land-use approvals across Deschutes County; county zoning applies in unincorporated areas, while incorporated municipalities may administer their own land-use rules.

    • The county page identifies county base and combining zones and directs users to county zoning resources.
    • A planning permit is a discretionary approval issued by the Planning Division for covered development.
    • Requirements vary by base zone, combining zone, destination resort approval, property-specific conditions, and jurisdiction.
    “The unincorporated areas of the County are covered by this Plan. The cities of Bend, La Pine, Redmond and Sisters each maintain their own comprehensive plans”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Varies (with conditions) — Countywide aggregate of zoning controls across Deschutes County, including different county base, overlay, and unincorporated-community zones; incorporated municipalities may administer separate local zoning rules.
      “This is a complex question to answer as many different zones can influence what you can do on your property.”
  • Zoning districtsPublished

    County base zones and combining or overlay zones in unincorporated Deschutes County.

    • Specific zoning designation must be checked for the property through the county DIAL property-information system.
    • Combining zones add requirements to an underlying base zone.
    • The county's zoning index lists base zones and combining zones; specific uses and standards may vary by zone and property.
    “A "base zone" is a county zone that specifies allowable uses for real property and land use requirements including minimum parcel size and development standards. A "combining zone," or sometimes referred to as an "overlay zone," is a special zoning district, placed over an existing base zone(s), which identifies unique conditions and regulatory standards in addition to those in the underlying base zone.”
  • Minimum lot sizeDistrict specific (with conditions)

    Land divisions and parcels in applicable unincorporated Deschutes County base zones, including RR-10, MUA-10, UAR-10, EFU, and F1/F2 zones.

    • RR-10, MUA-10, and UAR-10 generally require 10 acres for a standard land division; planned or cluster development may allow additional density and smaller lots.
    • EFU minimum size depends on irrigation and the applicable sub-zone; non-irrigated land generally requires 80 acres, with a possible 40-acre non-farm parcel division when the property qualifies for a non-farm dwelling.
    • F1/F2 zones require 80 acres.
    • The page states that the listed information is a summary and is not a complete list of applicable county-code requirements.

    RR-10 standard land division minimum: 10 acres (Planned or cluster development may allow additional density and smaller lot sizes.) · MUA-10 standard land division minimum: 10 acres (Planned or cluster development may allow additional density and smaller lot sizes.) · UAR-10 standard land division minimum: 10 acres (Planned or cluster development may allow additional density and smaller lot sizes.) · EFU non-irrigated land minimum: 80 acres (A non-irrigated parcel of at least 40 acres may be divided to create one new non-farm parcel if it qualifies for a non-farm dwelling.) · F1/F2 minimum: 80 acres

    “Rural Residential (RR-10) | 10 acres for a standard land division. A planned or cluster development may allow for additional density and smaller lot sizes.”
  • SetbacksDistrict specific (with conditions)

    Structures in applicable unincorporated Deschutes County base zones.

    • RR-10 setbacks are 20 feet front from a local street, 30 feet from a collector, 50 feet from an arterial, 10 feet side, and 20 feet rear.
    • MUA-10 setbacks are 20 feet front from a local street, 30 feet from a collector, 80 feet from an arterial, 20 feet side, and 25 feet rear; side and rear setbacks become 100 feet for a dwelling adjacent to property receiving farm tax deferral.
    • UAR-10 setbacks are 50 feet front, 10 feet side, and 50 feet rear.
    • EFU setbacks are 40 feet front from a local street, 60 feet from a collector, 100 feet from an arterial, 25 feet side, and 25 feet rear; side and rear setbacks become 100 feet for a non-farm dwelling adjacent to property receiving farm tax deferral.
    • F1/F2 setbacks are 40 feet front from a local street, 60 feet from a collector, 100 feet from an arterial, and 25 feet side and rear; side and rear become 100 feet when neighboring property is zoned Forest Use.
    • Additional solar, natural-feature, subdivision, and destination-resort requirements may apply.

    RR-10 front setback local street: 20 feet · RR-10 side setback: 10 feet · MUA-10 side setback: 20 feet (100 feet for a dwelling adjacent to property receiving farm tax deferral.) · EFU front setback arterial: 100 feet · F1/F2 side and rear setback: 25 feet (100 feet when neighboring property is zoned Forest Use.)

    “Front- 20 feet from a local street, 30 feet from a collector, 50 feet from an arterial street. Side- 10 feet. Rear- 20 feet.”
  • Lot coverageDistrict specific (with conditions)

    Lot coverage within a Deschutes County destination resort zone or approved destination resort master plan.

    • Underlying-zone lot coverage requirements do not apply within a destination resort.
    • Lot coverage standards are determined by the Planning Director or Hearings Body at the time of the Comprehensive Master Plan.
    • The decision must find that the minimum standards in the CMP adequately address solar access, fire protection, vehicle access, visual management, and Goal 5 resources.
    • A minimum 100-foot setback from streams and rivers must be maintained; rimrock setbacks remain governed by DCC Title 18.
    “The minimum lot area, width, lot coverage, frontage and yard requirements and building heights otherwise applying to structures in underlying zones and the provisions of DCC 18.116 relating to solar access shall not apply within a destination resort. These standards shall be determined by the Planning Director or Hearings Body at the time of the CMP.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • District specific (with conditions) — Main buildings and accessory buildings on any building site or lot in the county's Rural Residential RR-10 zone.
      “In an RR-10 Zone, the following dimensional standards shall apply: A. Lot Coverage. The main building and accessory buildings located on any building site or lot shall not cover in excess of 30 percent of the total lot area.”
  • Building heightDistrict specific (with conditions)

    Building height within a Deschutes County destination resort zone or approved destination resort master plan.

    • Underlying-zone building-height requirements do not apply within a destination resort.
    • Building-height standards are determined by the Planning Director or Hearings Body at the time of the Comprehensive Master Plan.
    • The decision must find that the minimum standards in the CMP adequately address solar access, fire protection, vehicle access, visual management, and Goal 5 resources.
    • A minimum 100-foot setback from streams and rivers must be maintained; rimrock setbacks remain governed by DCC Title 18.
    “The minimum lot area, width, lot coverage, frontage and yard requirements and building heights otherwise applying to structures in underlying zones and the provisions of DCC 18.116 relating to solar access shall not apply within a destination resort. These standards shall be determined by the Planning Director or Hearings Body at the time of the CMP.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • District specific (with conditions) — Buildings and structures in the county's Rural Residential RR-10 zone.
      “B. Building Height. No building or structure shall be erected or enlarged to exceed 30 feet in height, except as allowed under DCC 18.120.040.”
  • Living in an RVProhibited

    Use of an RV on a lot with an established dwelling, except for stated planning-approved medical-hardship or other county-approved exceptions.

    • The county page states that a lot with an established dwelling is storage-only; it identifies a medical-hardship exception requiring planning approval.
    “No uses for the RV other than maintenance or storage.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Limited — Occupancy of recreational vehicles as temporary residences, hardship dwellings, rental dwellings, or while constructing a permitted residence in unincorporated Deschutes County.
      “Living in an RV* in Deschutes County is allowed only in certain situations.”
  • Camping on your landLimited

    Temporary camping or temporary residence in one RV on a vacant property without an existing dwelling.

    • No permit is required for up to 30 total days within any rolling 60-day period.
    • A Temporary Use Permit is required for stays up to 6 months within a calendar year.
    • Wastewater must be disposed of lawfully; longer use requires wastewater management approval as part of land-use approval.
    • The temporary use is not eligible for permanent living.

    unpermitted temporary use: <= 30 total days within rolling 60-day period · permitted temporary use: <= 6 months per calendar year

    “up to 30 total days within any rolling 60-day period without a permit”
  • Tiny homesLimited

    A tiny home proposed for use as an RV rental dwelling in unincorporated Deschutes County.

    • The county says a tiny home may be used as an RV rental dwelling only if it is titled as an RV with the Department of Transportation, contains cooking and sleeping facilities, has a working toilet and sink, is easily transported and set up daily, has no permanent attachments such as decks or porches, and generally is not more than 8.5 feet wide.
    • Planning Division verification is required to determine whether the particular tiny home meets these requirements.
    • RV rental dwelling zoning, parcel-size, owner-occupancy, utility, and non-short-term-rental restrictions also apply.

    maximum typical width: <= 8.5 feet (The county states generally.)

    “A "tiny home" may be used as a RV Rental Dwelling if it meets all the following:”
  • Manufactured homesLimited

    Placement and occupancy of a manufactured dwelling in unincorporated Deschutes County.

    • Before applying for the placement permit, land-use requirements must be met through Planning if applicable, an approved septic system or approval to install one must exist if applicable, and driveway access must be addressed.
    • The county requires a Residential - Manufactured Dwelling Placement application, supporting site and construction documents, and payment of fees.
    • Specific zoning, placement standards, utility, septic, and building requirements remain property-specific.
    “Prior to applying for the actual placement permit, you will need to complete the following steps:”
  • Accessory dwellingsLimited

    Accessory dwelling units in unincorporated Deschutes County rural residential exception areas.

    • ADUs are allowed only within rural residential exception areas; the county identifies Tumalo, Terrebonne, and Sunriver as excluded unincorporated communities and identifies EFU, F1, F2, and OS&C resource zones as excluded.
    • Eligible properties are limited to one ADU onsite.
    • The ADU must be no farther than 100 feet from the primary dwelling and must contain no greater than 900 square feet of usable floor area, subject to the county's measurement rules.
    • Development may require supplemental review for applicable Combining Zones, and the existing septic system must be upgraded or a separate system installed; a septic site evaluation is required before the formal ADU application.
    • Manufactured homes may be used as ADUs. ADUs may be long-term rentals, but the primary dwelling and ADU may not be used as vacation rentals under the county's stated definition.

    maximum ADUs per eligible property: 1 ADU · maximum usable floor area: <= 900 square feet (County measurement rules apply.) · maximum distance from primary dwelling: <= 100 feet (County measurement rules apply.)

    “Eligible properties are limited to a single ADU onsite.”
  • Who permits septicCounty

    Onsite wastewater treatment system permitting and administration in unincorporated Deschutes County

    • Deschutes County Onsite Division issues the onsite permit.
    • Projects in Bend or Redmond city limits require a signed city authorization form; the city determines whether sewer is physically or legally available, and the county may receive jurisdiction if sewer connection is not possible.
    “The written document, issued by Deschutes County Onsite Division, that authorizes a property owner (or licensed installer) to install an onsite wastewater treatment system (septic system) or any part of one on a subject property.”
  • Septic permitRequired

    Constructing, installing, altering, or repairing an onsite wastewater treatment system or any part of one in unincorporated Deschutes County

    • An approved site evaluation is required before applying for a new onsite permit.
    • Required application materials include a DEQ Authorized Representative Form, site plan, and septic-system-specific documents; sand filter, pressure distribution, and ATT systems require additional technical documents and a signed operation and maintenance contract.
    • Applicable fees are invoiced after the application is deemed complete.
    • Bend and Redmond city-limit projects require city authorization, and the city determines whether sewer is physically or legally available.
    “A permit is required when a person is constructing, installing, altering or repairing an onsite system or any part of one. (examples: tank, trenches, drain lines or piping)”
  • Septic inspectionRequired

    Onsite wastewater system construction and operation in unincorporated Deschutes County

    • After permit issuance, onsite systems must be inspected and approved by an Onsite Wastewater Specialist.
    • Standard systems require a pre-cover inspection before backfilling and a final inspection.
    • Capping fill, pressure distribution, sand filter, and ATT systems require additional inspections; ATT, sand filter, and pressure distribution systems require a start-up inspection report before issuance of the Certificate of Satisfactory Completion.
    • For systems subject to the county O&M program, a DEQ-certified maintenance provider must conduct an inspection at least once every year and submit the report to the County Onsite Wastewater Division.

    annual maintenance inspection frequency: per 1 per year (Applies to systems subject to the O&M program.)

    “Schedule a Pre-Cover inspection (#7020)prior to backfilling. Staff will be inspecting the following items:”
  • Off-grid sanitationLimited

    Sanitation methods not connected to public sewer in unincorporated Deschutes County

    • Off-grid wastewater treatment is allowed through an approved onsite or septic system when public sewer is unavailable.
    • All wastewater-generating plumbing fixtures must connect to an approved sewage system.
    • Pit privy construction is prohibited under DCC 13.08.020.
    • Onsite systems must comply with Deschutes County standards and DEQ rules and must be inspected and approved after permit issuance.
    “Onsite wastewater treatment systems must be designed according to Deschutes County standards and DEQ rules, and once the permit is issued must be inspected and approved by an Onsite Wastewater Specialist.”
  • Mandatory utility hookupConditional

    Water and sewer connections for residential or commercial wastewater service in Deschutes County

    • Where public sewer is not available, homeowners must install an approved onsite wastewater treatment system.
    • All plumbing fixtures that generate human wastewater must be connected to an approved sewage system.
    • For projects in Bend or Redmond city limits, the city determines whether sewer is physically or legally available; if connection is not possible, the city authorization grants the County jurisdiction to perform onsite work.
    “In areas where public sewer is not available, homeowners must install onsite wastewater treatment systems (onsite or septic systems) for treating residential or commercial wastewater. All plumbing fixtures such as toilets, sinks, bathtubs, showers, washing machines, dishwashers, or anything else that generates human wastewater must be connected to an approved sewage system.”
  • Agricultural exemptionConditional

    Agricultural or equine building exemptions in unincorporated Deschutes County.

    • Only buildings in EFU, F1, F2, or MUA10 zones receiving farmland or forestland tax deferral will be considered.
    • An agricultural exemption application, site/plot, floor plan, and elevation drawings are required.
    • The applicant submits documents by email; a permit technician reviews the submission and notifies the applicant of fees.
    • Electrical, mechanical, and plumbing permits are additionally required.
    • If plumbing is proposed, a septic permit is also required.
    • The guide states that review can take two to four weeks.

    eligible zoning: EFU, F1, F2, or MUA10 (Property must also receive tax deferral for farmland or forestland.) · review period: two to four weeks

    “Only buildings in areas zoned EFU, F1, F2 or MUA10 AND receiving tax deferral for farmland or forestland will be considered for an exemption.”
  • Subdividing landRegulated (with conditions)

    Subdivision and plat review in Deschutes County.

    • Plat and subdivision review follows Oregon Revised Statutes and local ordinances.
    • Specific zoning, septic, access, and dimensional requirements vary by district and proposal.
    “Review plats and subdivisions for accuracy and content according to guidelines established by the Oregon Revised Statutes and local ordinances”
  • Building in a floodplainLimited

    Development and residential construction in the Deschutes County Flood Plain Zone and floodway in unincorporated Deschutes County.

    • No new dwelling, manufactured housing, accessory structure, or farm use structure is allowed in the floodway of any river or stream, except replacement of a dwelling lawfully existing as of the effective date of Ordinance 88-030 under applicable DCC 18.96 provisions.
    • New dwelling, manufactured housing, accessory structure, or farm use structure in the flood plain requires the applicant to demonstrate that no alternative exists on the subject property for placement outside the flood plain.
    • No subdivision or partition is allowed if it creates the potential for additional residential dwellings in the flood plain.
    • A Flood Plain Zone conditional use permit requires addressing all Federal Emergency Management Agency standards and DCC Title 18 standards, with findings by the Hearings Body or Planning Director that each standard and criterion is satisfied.
    • All necessary federal, state, and local government agency permits must be obtained.
    • The cited county decision explains that a conditional use permit may be required for grading, filling, paving, and storage of equipment or materials within the special flood hazard area; the cited example involved a road project and does not establish that every form of development requires the same permit.
    • The county source distinguishes the Flood Plain Zone from the FEMA special flood hazard area; FEMA map revisions do not necessarily rezone property.
    “No new construction of a dwelling (including manufactured housing), accessory structure or farm use structure shall be allowed in the floodway of any river or stream except for replacement in conformance with the applicable provisions of DCC 18.96 of a dwelling lawfully in existence as of the effective date of Ordinance 88 030. [...] No subdivision or partition shall be allowed which creates the potential for additional residential dwellings in the flood plain.”
  • Short-term rentalsProhibited

    Short-term rental use in unincorporated Deschutes County properties zoned Forest Use or Exclusive Farm Use.

    • The prohibition is specific to Forest Use Zones and Exclusive Farm Use Zones; it does not establish a prohibition throughout all unincorporated Deschutes County.
    • The county code provision was adopted by Ordinance 2025-006 on September 1, 2025.
    “A short-term rental is not allowed in Forest Use Zones or Exclusive Farm Use Zones. [...] (Adopted by Ord. 2025-006 §1, on 9/1/2025)”
  • Permit feesPublished

    Deschutes County planning and land-use applications.

    • The county directs applicants to its Applications Forms, Brochures and Fees resource; the applicable fee depends on the application type and applicable schedule.
    “Current Fee Schedule FY 2027 FY 2027 Fee Schedule (July 1, 2026 - June 30, 2027)”
  • Permit processPublished

    New planning applications submitted to Deschutes County Community Development.

    • Applications may be emailed to planning@deschutes.org, submitted in person at 117 NW Lafayette Avenue, or mailed.
    • The county directs applicants to Planning Application Instructions for more detailed instructions.
    • The county advises contacting the office for confirmation before taking action.
    “New planning applications can be emailed to planning@deschutes.org, submitted in-person at our building at 117 NW Lafayette Avenue, or mailed. For more detailed instructions on how to apply please go to the the Planning Application Instructions webpage.”

Oregon rules that apply here

  • Building permitRequired

    Construction, enlargement, alteration, repair, moving, or occupancy changes to residential buildings and structures in Deschutes County governed by the Oregon Residential Specialty Code.

    • The owner or owner’s authorized agent must apply to the building official and obtain the required permit before the regulated work is performed.
    • Creation of new habitable spaces, toilet rooms, or bathrooms requires a building permit.
    • The rule is subject to permit exemptions in ORSC Section R105.2 and does not eliminate other applicable county or municipal requirements.
    “Any owner or owner’s authorized agent who intends to construct, enlarge, alter, repair, move or change the occupancy of a building or structure [...] shall first make application to the building official and obtain the required permit.”
  • Owner-builder exemptionAvailable (with conditions)

    Owner-built single-family residences and adjacent auxiliary structures in Deschutes County, including new construction, renovation, remodeling, or alteration, where the owner intends to occupy the structures and performs the structural work personally or with unpaid friends and relatives.

    • The owner must be the title owner or contract purchaser of record shown on the last available complete assessment roll.
    • The owner must not have taken advantage of the ORS 455.320(2) exemptions during the five years before applying for the exemption.
    • The dwelling must be a single-family residence with adjacent auxiliary structures whose structural components are constructed entirely by the owner, or by the owner with friends and relatives assisting on an unpaid basis.
    • The exemption applies only to structural-code requirements for ceiling heights, room sizes, and maintenance of specific temperature levels.
    • The exemption applies to new construction, renovation, remodeling, or alteration of the owner-built dwelling or outbuilding.
    • A building permit is still required where applicable; Oregon states that permits are required for all new construction and that the person performing the work, whether homeowner or contractor, is responsible for obtaining necessary permits.
    • The building permit must note whether the owner-built dwelling or outbuilding complies with the requirements exempted under ORS 455.320(2).
    • If the structure does not comply with those requirements, the owner-builder must file a copy of the building permit with the county clerk for permanent deed recording and provide a property description sufficient to give constructive notice as if contained in a mortgage.
    • Noncompliance with the recording requirement does not affect conveyance of an interest in the property.
    • For residential permit applicants who own the property and are not licensed with the Construction Contractors Board, Oregon requires a property-owner statement before a building permit can be issued. If subcontractors are hired, the statement requires CCB-licensed subcontractors, and for plumbing and electrical permits subcontractors also licensed with the Building Codes Division. The permit is non-transferable.

    prior use lookback: 5 years (Owner must not have used the ORS 455.320(2) exemption during this period.) · permit validity to begin work: 180 days (Oregon residential permit page states a permit expires if work is not started within 180 days; after work begins, it expires if suspended or abandoned for 180 days or more.)

    “Owner-built dwellings and outbuildings shall be exempt from any requirements of the structural code for ceiling heights, room sizes and the maintenance of specific temperature levels in those structures. The exemption shall apply to the new construction, renovation, remodeling or alteration of an owner-built dwelling or outbuilding.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Available (with conditions) — Owner-built single-family residences and adjacent auxiliary structures in Oregon where the structural components are constructed entirely by the owner intending to occupy the structures, or by the owner with unpaid assistance from friends and relatives.
      “Owner-built dwellings and outbuildings shall be exempt from any requirements of the structural code for ceiling heights, room sizes”
  • Certificate of occupancyRequired

    New residential dwellings and townhouses subject to the Oregon Residential Specialty Code, including work administered through Deschutes County.

    • A temporary certificate of occupancy may be issued instead.
    • Certificates of occupancy are not required for work exempt from permits under Section R105.2 or for accessory buildings or structures.
    • Before issuance, the general contractor or owner issued the structural permit must provide required contractor and license information.
    • The building official may revoke a certificate or temporary certificate when the dwelling or townhouse violates applicable law posing a threat to health and safety.
    • Deschutes County separately requires approved final inspections, related permit completion, and payment of applicable SDC fees for residential certificates.
    “the building official must issue a certificate of occupancy [...] unless a temporary certificate of occupancy is issued by the building official.”
  • Minimum dwelling sizeSpecified

    An owner-built single-family residence and adjacent auxiliary structures constructed entirely by the owner intending to occupy them, or by the owner with unpaid assistance from friends and relatives.

    • The owner must not have taken advantage of the ORS 455.320(2) exemptions during the five years prior to applying for the exemption.
    • The exemption applies to structural-code requirements for ceiling heights, room sizes, and maintenance of specific temperature levels.
    • The exemption applies to new construction, renovation, remodeling, or alteration of an owner-built dwelling or outbuilding.
    • The building permit must note whether the structure complies with the exempted requirements; if it does not, the owner-builder must file a copy of the permit with the county clerk for the permanent deed record.
    • The owner must provide the county clerk a property description sufficient to give constructive notice as if contained in a mortgage.
    • The exemption does not eliminate other applicable building-code, permit, inspection, land-use, or utility requirements.

    eligibility lookback: 5 years (The five years prior to applying for an exemption under ORS 455.320.) · covered structural provisions: ceiling heights, room sizes, and maintenance of specific temperature levels

    “Owner-built dwellings and outbuildings shall be exempt from any requirements of the structural code for ceiling heights, room sizes and the maintenance of specific temperature levels in those structures. The exemption shall apply to the new construction, renovation, remodeling or alteration of an owner-built dwelling or outbuilding.”
  • Well permitRequired

    A property owner constructing, altering, converting, or abandoning a water-supply well in Oregon without being a licensed and bonded Water Supply Well Constructor.

    • A licensed and bonded Water Supply Well Constructor is exempt from the landowner-permit requirement stated on the page.
    • The permit, permit fee, and bond or irrevocable letter of credit must be obtained before work begins.
    • The application requires owner and surety information, proposed well location, proposed use, type of work, and a Department-approved well design plan.
    • The bond or irrevocable letter of credit is $10,000 and the permit fee is $550.
    • Only the owner of record, an immediate family member of the owner of record, or a full-time employee whose main duties are other than well construction may operate a drilling machine under a landowner permit.
    • The permit expires six months after issuance; a water-well report is due within 30 days after permit expiration or well completion, whichever occurs first.
    • The Department may deny a permit if the proposed work presents a health threat, health hazard, contamination source, or groundwater waste source.

    bond or irrevocable letter of credit: 10000 USD · permit fee: 550 USD · permit expiration: 6 months · water-well report deadline: 30 days (after permit expiration or well completion, whichever occurs first)

    “The Water Resources Commission requires a permit [...] for each water supply well constructed, altered, converted, or abandoned by a landowner”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Required — Water supply well construction, alteration, conversion, or abandonment in Deschutes County under Oregon state law
      “The Water Resources Commission requires a permit, permit fee, and bond or irrevocable letter of credit, for each water supply well constructed, altered, converted, or abandoned by a landowner, unless the landowner is a licensed and bonded Water Supply Well Constructor. The landowner permit and bond shall be obtained prior to beginning work on a well.”
  • Driveway accessRequired

    Constructing a new private driveway or highway approach, changing the use of an existing connection, constructing a temporary or special-use approach, improving an existing approach or connection, or permitting an existing grandfathered or unpermitted connection to an Oregon state highway.

    • Written permission from ODOT is required before constructing a new approach or changing the use of an existing connection.
    • An approach permit is also required for temporary approaches, special-use approaches, improving an existing approach or connection, and permitting existing grandfathered or unpermitted connections.
    • ODOT cannot issue an approach permit to a freeway, freeway ramp, or expressway ramp; where the approach would be aligned opposite a freeway or expressway ramp terminal; or where the property has no access right to the highway.
    • ODOT does not charge a fee to submit the application, but local government LUCS fees, traffic impact analysis, construction insurance and bond, approach design and construction, mitigation, and maintenance costs may apply.
    • Before construction, ODOT must approve the approach design and construction plans and issue a Permit to Construct; after inspection, ODOT issues a Permit to Operate, Maintain and Use the approach.

    application submission fee: 0 USD (Other associated costs may apply.)

    “ODOT requires a highway approach permit because state law, ORS 374.305(1), requires anyone wanting to construct a new approach or change the use of an existing connection to first obtain written permission from ODOT.”
  • county zoning authorityGeneral

    Oregon counties adopting and revising comprehensive plans, zoning, subdivision, and other land-use ordinances applicable to county land, including unincorporated areas.

    • The statutory text states an exception for ORS 527.722.
    • Plans and related ordinances may be adopted and revised part by part or by geographic area.
    • Zoning, subdivision, and other ordinances or regulations must be designed to implement the adopted county comprehensive plan.
    • Before a county zoning ordinance has legal effect, the governing body or planning commission must conduct one or more public hearings and publish 10 days' advance public notice; additional notice requirements apply to certain zone changes under ORS 215.223.
    “Except as provided in ORS 527.722, the county governing body shall adopt and may from time to time revise a comprehensive plan and zoning, subdivision and other ordinances applicable to all of the land in the county. The plan and related ordinances may be adopted and revised part by part or by geographic area.”
  • county building authorityGeneral

    Oregon counties administering and enforcing building inspection programs, including issuance and enforcement of building permits for residential construction in areas outside incorporated cities.

    • A county building inspection program is subject to the state building code and the statutory building-inspection-program framework.
    • If a county does not notify the director, or notifies the director that it will not administer and enforce a building inspection program, the director must arrange administration and enforcement through a municipality, other person, state employees, or state agencies; permit and other fees arising therefrom are paid into the Consumer and Business Services Fund.
    • A building inspection program is administered for four-year periods under ORS 455.150; the governing body must provide required notices to the Director of the Department of Consumer and Business Services.
    • The program must specify cooperation with the State Fire Marshal or designee and how a uniform fire code will be considered in design and construction review.
    • The cited archive is the 2015 Oregon Revised Statutes edition; the current official ORS 455 page was identified but returned a 403 error during retrieval.
    “If a city does not notify the director, or notifies the director that it will not administer the building inspection program, the county or counties in which the city is located shall administer and enforce the county program within the city in the same manner as the program is administered and enforced outside the city, except as provided by subsection (6) of this section.”

Each answer was extracted from an official source and independently re-checked against that source by a second reviewer. That is an evidence check, not legal advice. Rules change; confirm with the authority before you buy or build.

Water rights & wells in Deschutes County

Whether a new home can legally get its own water here — the sub-state groundwater regime, from Oregon’s water agency.

Managed area

Groundwater is actively managed here, but a small household well is generally still available.

Household wellExempt — no permit or water right

Single or group domestic groundwater use up to 15,000 gpd is exempt from permitting, but the exemption can be limited inside designated Critical Groundwater Areas.

Limit: 15,000 gpd domestic (plus stockwater and ≤0.5 acre lawn/garden) under ORS 537.545

Oregon Water Resources Department — Exempt Water Uses ↗

Prior-appropriation state (first in time, first in right). Groundwater rules change and basin boundaries follow the aquifer, not the county line — confirm current well and appropriation rules with the Oregon state water agency before you buy or drill.Groundwater governance as of Jul 2026, cited to each administering agency.

Living off-grid in Deschutes County, Oregon

Is Deschutes County a good place to live off-grid or homestead?

Deschutes County scores 54/100 on the Bolthole Index, a solid county profile. Its strengths: a stronger property-autonomy legal backdrop. Watch-outs: thin water margin (22.9″/yr rainfall) and higher long-term carry cost.

Do you need a building permit in Deschutes County, Oregon?

Deschutes County generally requires a residential building permit, and it enforces county zoning. Onsite septic is permitted by Deschutes County Community Development, Onsite Wastewater Division. Owner-builders may act as their own contractor to build their home. These answers are quoted from official sources and independently re-checked. Rules change and cities within the county differ — always confirm with the county before you buy or build.

Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in Deschutes County?

Living in an RV on your own land in Deschutes County is prohibited: Use of an RV on a lot with an established dwelling, except for stated planning-approved medical-hardship or other county-approved exceptions. The county page states that a lot with an established dwelling is storage-only; it identifies a medical-hardship exception requiring planning approval. A tiny home is limited to specific cases. Confirm with the county before relying on it.

How much does land cost in Deschutes County, Oregon?

Land in Deschutes County runs about $12,883 per acre, based on the latest county data.

What is the water situation in Deschutes County?

Deschutes County gets about 22.9" of rain a year, with severe drought in roughly 32.8% of years. On water rights, Deschutes County lies in the Upper Deschutes Basin Groundwater Mitigation Program Area — Established 2002 (~4,500 sq mi); new groundwater uses are allowed but require mitigation for impacts to the Deschutes Scenic Waterway (not a categorical closure)..

How remote is Deschutes County?

A typical private-land location has about 63,409 people within 15 miles and 2,637,906 within 100 miles. These radius catchments are the published fallback where road routing is unavailable.

How Deschutes compares in Oregon

Compare side-by-side →See all 36 Oregon counties ranked →