A home in unincorporated Multnomah County, Oregon requires a building permit; cities issue building permits, with Portland Permitting & Development serving some unincorporated areas12. County Land Use Planning administers zoning in most unincorporated areas, while neighboring cities administer zoning in some pockets under agreements3. Portland Permitting & Development handles septic permits throughout Multnomah County, including inside cities4.
At a glance
- Building permit
- Required; issued by Portland Permitting & Development for some unincorporated areas, not by the county itself12
- Zoning
- Yes, administered by county Land Use Planning for most unincorporated areas; some pockets use city zoning under agreement5
- Septic permits
- Required countywide, administered by Portland Permitting & Development under an intergovernmental agreement6
- Owner-builder
- A narrow structural-code exemption is available, but the building permit still applies7
- Minimum lot size (rural zones)
- 80 acres in Exclusive Farm Use, 20 acres in Multiple Use Agriculture, 5 acres in Rural Residential8910
- RV living
- Conditional on private land with owner consent, adequate water and sewage, and compliance with local standards11
- Private wells
- Landowners need a state permit, bond and fee to construct their own well; many domestic uses are exempt from a water-right permit1213
- New-home occupancy
- Portland-served projects need a certificate of occupancy before a new home, duplex or ADU is occupied14
Who to call
Building permits
Portland Permitting & Development
Building permits for some areas of unincorporated Multnomah County, under an intergovernmental agreement with the county
Planning & zoning
Multnomah County Land Use Planning
Zoning and land-use review for most of unincorporated Multnomah County
Septic permits
Portland Permitting & Development - Septic Permits
Septic (onsite wastewater) permits and inspections for all of Multnomah County under an intergovernmental agreement
Roads & driveways
Multnomah County Transportation Division
Driveway (road right-of-way access) permits for unincorporated Multnomah County roads
Contact details are copied from each office’s official page and were checked against it on October 14, 2026.
Off-grid gear
Going off-grid in Multnomah County means bringing your own water and power. The kit we’d start with:
- Water Crystal Quest Filter any source — well, rain, or creek — to drinking-clean.
- Power Bluetti Solar generators and home battery backup for living off the grid.
- Septic Soil percolation test kit Run your own perc test before paying an engineer — the first thing a septic office asks about.
- Water Well water test kit Bacteria, nitrates, hardness — know what the well on a parcel is really pumping.
These are affiliate links — we may earn a commission, at no cost to you. As an Amazon Associate, Bolthole Index earns from qualifying purchases.
Do you need a building permit in unincorporated Multnomah County, Oregon?
Oregon requires a building permit to construct, enlarge, alter, repair or move a residential building or structure, including in unincorporated Multnomah County1. The Oregon Residential Specialty Code applies statewide to applicable work on one- and two-family dwellings and townhouses15. Multnomah County does not issue building permits; Portland Permitting & Development issues them for some unincorporated areas, while county Land Use Planning reviews building plans for zoning only, and septic permits stay with Portland's septic program countywide216. Other unincorporated pockets may be administered by neighboring cities, so ask Land Use Planning which jurisdiction serves the parcel before applying317. Certain detached, nonhabitable, one-story accessory structures under 200 square feet and under 15 feet in average roof height are exempt from a building permit, but electrical, mechanical or plumbing permits may still be required1. In Portland-administered areas, a new single-family home, duplex or accessory dwelling unit needs a Certificate of Occupancy or Temporary Certificate of Occupancy before anyone moves in14.
Who issues building permits and zoning approvals in Multnomah County, and how do you reach them?
Start with Multnomah County Land Use Planning at 503-988-3043 or land.use.planning@multco.us to confirm the parcel's jurisdiction and zoning17. When an owner applies for a building permit in an unincorporated area, the city refers the building plan to the county for zoning review; any required land-use permits must be approved before that plan is submitted16. The county requires digital, scaled plans through its customer portal, including the application, site plan, floor plan, elevations and service-provider review forms, and the assigned planner sends a status update in 30 days16. If Portland serves the parcel, contact Portland Permitting & Development at 503-823-7300 for the building permit18. The county fee schedule effective July 1, 2026 lists $527 for a zoning plan check and $1,620 for a floodplain development permit; notice charges, deposits or other fees may also apply19. Inside Troutdale, the city handles building permits; Portland's septic program still handles septic permits countywide204.
Does Multnomah County have zoning?
Multnomah County administers zoning for most unincorporated land, while some unincorporated pockets use city zoning under agreements21. County rural and Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area zoning layers help identify the applicable rules; ask Land Use Planning to confirm the parcel’s designation2217. New-parcel minimums include 80 acres in Exclusive Farm Use, 20 acres in Multiple Use Agriculture and 5 acres in Rural Residential, subject to code exceptions8910. Meeting a minimum acreage does not replace land-division approval: rural subdivisions are Category 1 Land Divisions23.
Dimensional rules vary by district. In MUA-20, structures are limited to 35 feet in height, though barns, silos and similar structures may be taller if set at least 30 feet from every property line24; yards are 30 feet in front, 10 feet at the side, 30 feet at the street side and 30 feet at the rear25. In the Multiple Use Forest zone, a dwelling built after August 14, 1980 must have at least 600 square feet of floor area and sit on a foundation with a building permit26. In MR-4, lot coverage is capped at 40 percent27. Farm use and accessory buildings generally need no Significant Environmental Concern (SEC) permit, but agricultural buildings need SEC-wr and/or SEC-sw approval in the West of Sandy River Planning Area and SEC-s approval within Metro’s 2009 jurisdictional boundary; that exemption does not replace a building permit281.
How do septic permits work in Multnomah County?
Portland Permitting & Development administers septic permits and inspections throughout Multnomah County under agreements with the county and Oregon DEQ4. Where municipal sewer is unavailable, development must use onsite wastewater treatment, and the site needs enough usable space, required setbacks, adequate sewage-flow capacity, and suitable soil and water-table conditions29. Drainfield repairs, drainfield alterations and all new construction also need an approved Site Evaluation Report30. A licensed installer may build the system, or the property owner or owner's regular employee may do so after the septic installation permit is issued30. Complete applications are reviewed within 20 working days, and an application may be canceled if the applicant does not respond to a checksheet within 90 days30. Before final approval, every septic-tank permit needs an approved plumbing inspection of the sanitary line, plus approved electrical inspections when a pump is used31. Only about 1.5% of mapped county soils are rated “not limited” for a conventional drain field, so a site evaluation is essential; the soil rating does not mean septic is impossible32. Contact the septic program at 503-823-6892 or septic@portlandoregon.gov33.
Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in Multnomah County?
Oregon allows camping-vehicle occupancy on private land with owner consent, adequate safe, approved water and sewage facilities, and compliance with applicable state and local installation standards11. Multnomah County zoning still controls the allowed use; ask Land Use Planning about the parcel before treating an RV as a residence2117. County-regulated campgrounds and RV parks allow temporary camping, not residential use; stays in MUA-20, RR, BRC, SRC and RC zones are limited to 90 days in any consecutive 12-month period unless state law provides otherwise, excluding the West of Sandy River and Urban Planning Areas3435. County-regulated ADUs cannot be RVs, park-model RVs, yurts or similar designs not intended for permanent occupancy, or structures unable to meet construction standards36. Those ADUs cannot be rented for fewer than 30 consecutive calendar days, and owners must record a covenant37. In Portland-administered Dunthorpe, Pleasant Valley, Southern Border, West County and West Hayden Island, only 1 occupied RV or tiny house on wheels is allowed on a residential lot with a house; none is allowed on undeveloped lots38. Manufactured homes are a separate question: Oregon allows occupying one on private land with the owner’s consent and adequate approved water and sewage39, while the county’s mobile home park rules in the LR-7 and LR-5 zones require a home built after June 15, 1976 with a state compliance insignia, set in a compliant mobile home space40. Outside those areas, we could not confirm a tiny-home primary-dwelling rule; ask Land Use Planning how the unit is classified17.
What are the steps to build a home in Multnomah County?
- Ask Multnomah County Land Use Planning to confirm jurisdiction, zoning and applicable overlays17322.
- Secure required land-use approval, then submit scaled digital plans for county zoning review through the customer portal16.
- Apply to the city issuing building permits for the address; call Portland Permitting & Development at 503-823-7300 when Portland serves the parcel218.
- Without sewer access, obtain a site evaluation and septic installation permit from Portland's countywide septic program30.
- An eligible owner-builder can claim a narrow ceiling-height, room-size and temperature exemption, but needs a building permit, must intend to occupy the home and must build the structural components personally or with unpaid friends and relatives7. The owner-builder statement and licensed-subcontractor requirements also apply41. In Portland, a homeowner doing electrical, plumbing or mechanical work personally can pull those trade permits, provided the building is not for sale, lease or rent; electrical permits add a six-month resale lookback and a penalty of up to $50042.
- Obtain a county driveway permit for new or altered access to a county road43.
- For Portland-issued building permits, schedule inspections before work is concealed; more than 180 days without an approved inspection causes expiration44.
- Before occupying a new home, duplex or ADU in a Portland-administered area, obtain a Certificate of Occupancy or Temporary Certificate of Occupancy14.
What should you check before buying land in Multnomah County?
Confirm jurisdiction and zoning first because the county, Portland and neighboring cities divide responsibility by parcel location317. Check septic feasibility early because only about 1.5% of mapped county soils are rated “not limited” for a conventional drain field32. If a private well is planned, a landowner who drills or alters it personally needs a state landowner permit, a $10,000 bond or letter of credit and a $550 fee before work begins12. Oregon generally requires a water-right permit to use groundwater, but domestic well use of no more than 15,000 gallons per day is among the listed exceptions13. Confirm access because a new or altered connection to a county road needs a driveway permit43. About 38.4% of Multnomah County is federal land, so verify private ownership and boundaries45. If buying land to split, confirm the land-division category with Land Use Planning rather than relying on acreage alone2317. The typical annual home-insurance premium is about $1,181, and the median property-tax bill is about $5,061 at an effective rate near 1%464748.
Watch-outs
- Multnomah County does not issue building permits itself, and Portland's Permitting & Development bureau covers only some unincorporated areas; confirm which office actually serves your parcel before you assume county or Portland rules apply217.
- Private-land camping-vehicle occupancy requires owner consent, adequate approved water and sewage, and compliance with local standards; county zoning may still limit the use115.
- Only about 1.5% of Multnomah County's mapped soils are rated “not limited” for a conventional septic drain field; that does not rule out septic, but makes Portland's site evaluation essential before relying on a parcel for a home3230.
- A farm-use exemption from an SEC permit has geographic exceptions for agricultural buildings and development; ask Land Use Planning about the overlay before planning a barn or other farm structure2817.
Sources
- About Oregon residential building permits, quoted and re-checked
- Submitting a Building Plan, quoted and re-checked
- County Urban Pocket Areas, quoted and re-checked
- Septic Permits: New Construction, Repairs, and Alterations, quoted and re-checked
- County Urban Pocket Areas (2026 county census)
- Portland Permitting & Development - Septic Permits (2026 county census)
- 2023 Oregon Residential Specialty Code, Chapter 1, quoted and re-checked
- multco.us, quoted and re-checked
- Chapter 39 – Multnomah County Zoning Code, quoted and re-checked
- Chapter 39 – Multnomah County Zoning Code, quoted and re-checked
- Oregon Revised Statutes, ORS 446.125 Occupancy on private land (Oregon statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Landowner Constructed Wells, quoted and re-checked
- Apply for a Water Use Permit, quoted and re-checked
- Residential Certificate of Occupancy and Temporary Certificate of Occupancy, quoted and re-checked
- Residential Structures Code Program, quoted and re-checked
- Submitting a Building Plan for Zoning Review, quoted and re-checked
- Multnomah County Land Use Planning (multco.us)
- Portland Permitting & Development (portland.gov)
- Land Use Planning Fees, quoted and re-checked
- Troutdale: How to Apply for a Permit (Multnomah County), quoted and re-checked
- County Urban Pocket Areas, quoted and re-checked
- LandUsePlanning/BaseZoning (MapServer), quoted and re-checked
- Chapter 39 – Multnomah County Zoning Code, quoted and re-checked
- Chapter 39 – Multnomah County Zoning Code, quoted and re-checked
- Chapter 39 – Multnomah County Zoning Code, quoted and re-checked
- Chapter 39 – Multnomah County Zoning Code, quoted and re-checked
- multco.us, quoted and re-checked
- Chapter 39 – Multnomah County Zoning Code, quoted and re-checked
- Housing and Onsite Wastewater Management, quoted and re-checked
- Septic Permits: New Construction, Repairs, and Alterations, quoted and re-checked
- Septic Permits: New Construction, Repairs, and Alterations, quoted and re-checked
- Share of soils USDA rates "not limited" for a conventional septic drain field (SSURGO). A strict rating: the median county is about 6% and a tenth of counties are 0%, so a low figure means most lots need a site evaluation or an engineered system, not that septic is impossible. Cite it only with that caveat: Bolthole Index county data
- Portland Permitting & Development - Septic Permits (portland.gov)
- Chapter 39 – Multnomah County Zoning Code, quoted and re-checked
- Chapter 39 – Multnomah County Zoning Code, quoted and re-checked
- Chapter 39 – Multnomah County Zoning Code, quoted and re-checked
- Chapter 39 – Multnomah County Zoning Code, Multiple Use Agriculture, quoted and re-checked
- County Urban Pocket Areas, quoted and re-checked
- Oregon Revised Statutes, ORS 446.125 (Oregon statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Chapter 39 – Multnomah County Zoning Code — Mobile Home Park provisions, quoted and re-checked
- Information Notice to Owners About Construction Responsibilities (ORS 701.325(3)), quoted and re-checked
- Residential Inspections: The Start-to-Finish Guide, quoted and re-checked
- Permitting a Driveway, quoted and re-checked
- Residential Inspections: The Start-to-Finish Guide, quoted and re-checked
- Federal land share: Bolthole Index county data
- Typical home insurance premium: Bolthole Index county data
- Median property tax bill: Bolthole Index county data
- Effective property tax rate: Bolthole Index county data
Written October 14, 2026 from the rules quoted below, each taken from an official source and re-checked by an independent reviewer. This is research, not legal advice: rules change, so confirm with the office before you buy or build.