Bolthole Index

Cleveland County, Arkansas

Building permits, zoning and land rules in Cleveland County, Arkansas

85Index Score / 100
#1 of 75 in Arkansas

Unincorporated Cleveland County, Arkansas does not appear to require a residential building permit, but statewide building-code minimums still apply12. No countywide zoning appears to apply outside city limits, and whether Rison or Kingsland zone is unconfirmed3. Septic permits for every Cleveland County address, city or not, come from the Arkansas Department of Health through the Cleveland County Local Health Unit4.

At a glance

Building permit
Appears not required for a home in unincorporated areas1
Building code
Statewide minimums apply even without permits or inspections2
Zoning
No countywide zoning appears to apply in unincorporated areas3
Septic permit
State-permitted via the Cleveland County Local Health Unit4
Septic permit fee
State review fee starts at $30 for a structure of 1,500 square feet or less5
RV or tiny home
Single-unit private-land occupancy is unconfirmed; paid parks with 3 or more spaces are regulated67
Owner-builder
Licensing exemption for 1 owner-built residence per calendar year8
Septic soils
Only about 3.4% rate without severe limits for a conventional drain field9

Who to call

Also useful

Cleveland County Courthouse

General Cleveland County government contact; the starting point for building, zoning, road or driveway questions since no dedicated department publishes its own page

870-325-6214

20 Magnolia Street, Rison, AR 71665

Septic permits

Cleveland County Local Health Unit (Arkansas Department of Health)

Administers onsite wastewater (septic) permit applications for Cleveland County through the Arkansas Department of Health's Environmental Health Specialist program

(870) 325-6311

409 East Magnolia, Rison, AR 71665

Property records

Cleveland County Assessor's Office

Property assessment and valuation for Cleveland County

870-325-6695

20 Magnolia St., Rison, AR 71665

Contact details are copied from each office’s official page and were checked against it on October 10, 2026.

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Do you need a building permit in Cleveland County, AR?

Unincorporated Cleveland County appears not to require a residential building permit1, though we could not find a county ordinance or permit page that says so. That does not make construction code-free: Arkansas building codes are mandatory statewide minimums, including in rural and unincorporated areas where permits or inspections are not required2. Cleveland County-specific requirements for unusual work, commercial projects and utility connections remain unconfirmed, so take the project description and parcel location to the Cleveland County Courthouse before ordering materials10. Work covered by the Arkansas Energy Code is subject to inspection by the state Energy Office, its agent or the code official, while the statewide rule does not establish a general county inspection program for every home11.

Who issues building permits and septic permits in Cleveland County, and how do you reach them?

Cleveland County does not publish a dedicated building, planning or zoning office, so the Cleveland County Courthouse is the practical first call for local building, road and driveway questions110. The Courthouse is at 20 Magnolia Street, Rison, AR 71665, and its phone number is 870-325-621410. Septic permits are the one permit with a clear owner: they go through the Arkansas Department of Health, with the Cleveland County Local Health Unit serving as the local contact412. The health unit is at 409 East Magnolia, Rison, AR 71665, and its phone number is (870) 325-631112. Property assessment and valuation questions go to the Cleveland County Assessor's Office at 20 Magnolia St., Rison, AR 71665, or 870-325-669513.

Does Cleveland County have zoning?

Cleveland County appears to have no countywide zoning in its unincorporated areas, although we could not open a county ordinance or zoning page to confirm that3. Arkansas law allows a county planning board to prepare zoning for all or part of an unincorporated area, but that authority does not itself create zoning in Cleveland County14. Municipal rules in Rison, Kingsland or New Edinburg were not confirmed, so land inside or near a city boundary needs a city-specific check before purchase. No verified Cleveland County rule sets a general minimum dwelling size, setback, building-height limit or lot-coverage limit for unincorporated parcels. Septic design can still constrain where and what you build: subdivision lots using drip dispersal must meet the state design criteria and be at least 0.5 acres15.

How do septic permits work in Cleveland County?

Onsite wastewater applications in Cleveland County go to the Arkansas Department of Health, or to an Authorized Agent acting for the Department where one has been designated16. Start through the Cleveland County Local Health Unit at 409 East Magnolia in Rison12. A completed septic permit application with plans must be approved before the house is built, the installer must give 24 hours' notice before starting work, and the system cannot be used until the Permit for Operation is issued after inspection17. The state's septic review fee is $30 for a structure of 1,500 square feet or less and rises to $150 above 4,000 square feet, with garages, carports and porches left out of the square footage5. Construction must begin within 1 year of issuance or the permit must be re-validated5. Only about 3.4% of Cleveland County soils rate without severe limitations for a conventional septic drain field, so make the soil evaluation an early contingency rather than assuming a conventional system will fit9. For a subdivision using onsite wastewater, construction cannot begin on a lot until the Department gives final approval, and drip-dispersal lots must be at least 0.5 acres when the specified design criteria are met15. Arkansas requires a sewer connection when a sanitary sewer is within 300 feet of the building's sewer exit and is available without crossing another person's property18.

Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in Cleveland County?

We could not confirm a Cleveland County rule allowing or prohibiting long-term occupancy of one RV or tiny home on private land, so ask the Cleveland County Courthouse about the parcel before moving in10. Arkansas's state-park stay limits apply only to state-park campsites and do not answer the private-land question19. A different state rule applies when a parcel has 3 or more paid spaces for RVs, tiny houses on wheels or mobile homes: the parcel is treated as a regulated mobile-home or recreational-vehicle park6. Under those park rules, a tiny house on wheels is treated as a mobile home if it is plumbed and inspected under the Arkansas Plumbing Code, and otherwise as an RV7. Any occupied unit also needs an approved wastewater solution unless connected to an available sewer1618.

Building a home in Cleveland County: the steps, in order

  1. Confirm that the parcel is in unincorporated Cleveland County and describe the project to the Courthouse; residential permits are not required there, but project-specific local questions remain110.
  2. Arrange the soil evaluation and septic permit application through the Cleveland County Local Health Unit before fixing the house site1612.
  3. Check whether an available sanitary sewer lies within 300 feet of the building's sewer exit, because Arkansas may require connection instead of septic18.
  4. Design to Arkansas's statewide building-code minimums even though Cleveland County does not require the residential permit2.
  5. Obtain an ARDOT permit before doing work for a driveway on state highway right-of-way20.
  6. If acting as your own residential contractor, use the state licensing exemption only for your own residence and no more than 1 residence in a calendar year8.

What to check before you buy land in Cleveland County

Put septic feasibility first: only about 3.4% of Cleveland County soils rate without severe limitations for a conventional drain field9. The county receives about 55.2 inches of precipitation annually, while severe drought has occurred in about 10.5% of years2122. About 90.7% of Cleveland County is wooded and 99.3% has a slope of 15% or less, so clearing, drainage and soils may matter more than steep terrain2324. The county has about 12.3 people per square mile, and the nearest city of 100,000 or more is about 61 miles from the county center2526. Typical property taxes run about 0.6% of value, with a median annual bill near $7162728. Confirm access on the deed and ask the Courthouse about county-road driveway practices; a state-highway connection requires an ARDOT permit1020.

Watch-outs

  • Cleveland County appears to require no residential building permit, which does not mean no construction standard: Arkansas building-code minimums apply statewide, even where permits or inspections are not required2.
  • Arkansas park rules for state-park camping and multi-space paid RV or tiny-home parks do not settle whether one RV or tiny home may be occupied on private Cleveland County land196.
  • Only about 3.4% of Cleveland County soils rate without severe limits for a conventional drain field, so verify septic feasibility before choosing the house site9.

Sources

  1. Arkansas.gov - Cleveland County (2026 county census)
  2. State of Arkansas Home Improvement Application — Test Information, quoted and re-checked
  3. Arkansas.gov - Cleveland County (2026 county census)
  4. Arkansas Department of Health - Onsite Wastewater (2026 county census)
  5. Rules Pertaining to Onsite Wastewater Systems (2024), quoted and re-checked
  6. 20 CAR § 138-102. Compliance, quoted and re-checked
  7. 20 CAR § 138-101. Definitions, quoted and re-checked
  8. Home Improvement New Application and Test Information, quoted and re-checked
  9. Share of soils USDA rates "not limited" for a conventional septic drain field (SSURGO). A strict rating: the median county is about 6% and a tenth of counties are 0%, so a low figure means most lots need a site evaluation or an engineered system, not that septic is impossible. Cite it only with that caveat: Bolthole Index county data
  10. Cleveland County Courthouse (portal.arkansas.gov)
  11. 2014 Arkansas Energy Code for New Building Construction Supplements and Amendments, quoted and re-checked
  12. Cleveland County Local Health Unit (Arkansas Department of Health) (healthy.arkansas.gov)
  13. Cleveland County Assessor's Office (portal.arkansas.gov)
  14. arkleg.state.ar.us (Arkansas statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
  15. Rules Pertaining to Onsite Wastewater Systems (2024), quoted and re-checked
  16. Rules Pertaining to Onsite Wastewater Systems (2024), quoted and re-checked
  17. Rules Pertaining to Onsite Wastewater Systems (2024), quoted and re-checked
  18. codeofarrules.arkansas.gov (Arkansas statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
  19. 22 CAR § 50-108. Camping rules, fee collection, registration, and reservations, quoted and re-checked
  20. 27 CAR § 94-301. General, quoted and re-checked
  21. Annual precipitation: Bolthole Index county data
  22. Share of years in severe drought: Bolthole Index county data
  23. Wooded share of land: Bolthole Index county data
  24. Share of land at 15% slope or less: Bolthole Index county data
  25. Population density: Bolthole Index county data
  26. Straight-line distance from the county center to the nearest city of 100,000+ people: Bolthole Index county data
  27. Effective property tax rate: Bolthole Index county data
  28. Median property tax bill: Bolthole Index county data

Written October 10, 2026 from the rules quoted below, each taken from an official source and re-checked by an independent reviewer. This is research, not legal advice: rules change, so confirm with the office before you buy or build.

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Compared with neighboring counties

Like all 4 of the neighbors with published rules, Cleveland County has no countywide zoning.

RuleCleveland CountyLincoln CountyBradley CountyDrew CountyJefferson CountyDallas CountyCalhoun County
Building permitNot requiredNot requiredNot requiredNot requiredLimitedNot requiredNot required
County zoningNoNot publishedNoNoNot publishedNoNo
Septic permitsAR Dept. of HealthAR Dept. of HealthAR Dept. of HealthAR Dept. of HealthAR Dept. of HealthAR Dept. of HealthADH

County locator

Cleveland County in Arkansas

85
County map
Cleveland County highlighted among the Arkansas counties · colored by Index score

How Cleveland County scores

Seclusion76100% ev.
Self-Sufficiency67100% ev.
Admin Boringness85100% ev.
Durability67100% ev.
Property Autonomy47100% ev.
Carry Cost8496% ev.

Evidence strength: 100%. This reports direct-source completeness and fallback use; it is separate from the score and is not a confidence interval. How it works →

$162kTypical home
0.6%Property tax
$3,733Land / acre
55.2"Annual rain
10.5% of yrsSevere drought
27.5 / yr (+22.9)Mid-century 100°F days
17.2 daysMid-century dry spell
2.41" (+4.8%)Mid-century 1-day rain
1.49×Wildfire change factor
100%Forward climate coverage
$1,510Home insurance / yr
1.4% / yrInsurance growth
0.9%Nonrenewal rate
single ZIP shrunk to state medianInsurance basis
5,758People within 30 min
1,196,629People within 2 hr
12,327Radius comparison (15 mi)
12.3People / sq mi
0%Federal land
99.3%Land at 15% slope or less
3.4%Soils rated "not limited" for septic (strict USDA rating)
12,780 acWorkable land screen
90.7%Wooded land
52.1 tonsBiomass / forest ac
62.8°FAvg temp

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Cities and towns in Cleveland County

Inside a city or town, that city usually issues building permits and sets zoning; the county’s rules above cover unincorporated land. Septic, wells and floodplain rules usually stay with the county or state everywhere.

Kingsland · Rison

Answers from the rulebook for Cleveland County

What the ordinances and state agencies actually say — one answer per question, each quoted from the official source and independently re-checked.

Cleveland County rules

  • County-wide zoningAbsent

    No county planning or zoning office is listed for Cleveland County on the state's official county directory, indicating no countywide zoning in unincorporated areas.

    Arkansas.gov - Cleveland County ↗Scouted from the county site, not yet independently re-checked

Arkansas rules that apply here

  • Building permitLimited

    Construction subject to the Arkansas Energy Code for New Building Construction Supplements and Amendments.

    • The source does not impose a single statewide building-permit requirement for all private residential and commercial construction.
    • Local governments may establish prior plan approval, building-permit requirements, and construction inspections.
    • Counties, cities, or municipalities that issue building permits for new building construction are required to adopt the Arkansas Energy Code for new construction, additions, and renovations.
    • The cited document is the 2014 Arkansas Energy Code; current Arkansas Fire Prevention Code applicability should be confirmed separately.
    “A local government may exercise other administrative and enforcement procedures that it deems necessary to affect the purposes of this Code, including, but not limited to, prior plan approval, building permit requirements, and inspections during the course of construction.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Limited — Construction subject to the Arkansas Building Code statewide minimums, including rural and unincorporated areas.
      “They apply statewide even in areas when no permit or inspections are required.”
  • Owner-builder exemptionAvailable

    An owner acting as the residential building contractor for construction of the owner's residence, or as the owner's own home improvement contractor on the owner's property, including in Cleveland County.

    • The construction exemption applies unless the owner builds more than one residence during a calendar year.
    • The home-improvement exemption applies when the owner acts as the owner's own home improvement contractor on the owner's own property.
    • This is an exemption from residential builder and home improvement licensing requirements, not an exemption from Arkansas building-code compliance.
    • Arkansas Building Codes are mandatory statewide minimums and apply even in areas where no permit or inspections are required.
    • The source also identifies exemptions for properly licensed subcontractors and contractors licensed by another Arkansas licensing agency when working within that license's scope.

    maximum residences built under construction licensing exemption: 1 residence per calendar year (The owner is exempt unless he or she builds more than one residence during any calendar year.)

    “owners are exempt from licensure [...] unless he or she builds more than one residence during any calendar year”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Available (with conditions) — Arkansas residential contractor licensing for an individual constructing the individual’s own residence or an owner of a single-family residence acting as the owner’s own home-improvement contractor on the owner’s property.
      “construction of his or her residence unless he or she builds more than one (1) residence during any calendar year;”
  • Building code adoptedAdopted (with conditions)

    Construction in Cleveland County, including rural and unincorporated areas, under the Arkansas Building Code and Arkansas Fire Prevention Code

    • Arkansas Building Codes are mandatory statewide minimums.
    • The codes apply even where no permit or inspections are required.
    • The Arkansas Building Code is adopted by the State Fire Marshal’s office and is part of the Fire Prevention Code.
    • The source states Arkansas was under the 2012 Edition when the document was issued.
    • Failure to comply could subject a licensed contractor to disciplinary action by the Arkansas Contractors Board or Residential Contractors Committee.

    code edition: 2012 Edition

    “Arkansas Building Codes are mandatory statewide minimums. They apply statewide even in areas when no permit or inspections are required. The Arkansas Building Code is adopted by the State Fire Marshal’s office. It is a part of the Fire Prevention Code. The Code applies Statewide, even in rural and unincorporated areas. Arkansas is currently under the 2012 Edition of the Code.”
    5 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Adopted (with conditions) — Residential and other building construction in Cleveland County, including rural and unincorporated areas, subject to the Arkansas Building Code and applicable local administration.
      “The Arkansas Building Code is adopted by the State Fire Marshal’s office. It is a part of the Fire Prevention Code. The Code applies Statewide, even in rural and unincorporated areas.”
    • Partial — State projects located in Cleveland County, Arkansas.
      “The adopted building code for state projects is the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, 12 CAR pt. 15, as adopted by the Division of Arkansas State Police, State Fire Marshal’s office. Arkansas laws and this subchapter shall have precedence over the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code where they exceed the requirements of the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code. All project designs shall comply with all Arkansas laws and the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code. Other codes, rules, or standards may be applicable to a specific project. It is the department’s and design professional’s responsibility to determine all applicable codes for each specific project.”
    • Adopted (with conditions) — New structures and applicable alterations, additions, changes in use, and changes in structures throughout Arkansas, under the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, including Volume II for building-code requirements and Volume III for residential-code requirements.
      “Each district, county, municipality, or other political subdivision of this state shall only adopt and enforce the provisions of the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, 2021 Edition. [...] The design and construction of new structures shall comply with the International Building Code Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, Volume II, and any alterations, additions, changes in use or changes in structures required by this code, which are within the scope of the International Building Code, Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, Volume II, shall be made in accordance therewith.”
    • Partial — State projects in Arkansas.
      “The adopted building code for state projects is the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, 12 CAR pt. 15, as adopted by the Division of Arkansas State Police, State Fire Marshal’s office.”
    • Adopted (with conditions) — State projects in Arkansas subject to the Building Authority Division design-review rules.
      “The adopted building code for state projects is the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, 12 CAR pt. 15, as adopted by the Division of Arkansas State Police, State Fire Marshal’s office. Arkansas laws and this subchapter shall have precedence over the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code where they exceed the requirements of the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code. All project designs shall comply with all Arkansas laws and the Arkansas Fire Prevention Code. Other codes, rules, or standards may be applicable to a specific project. It is the department’s and design professional’s responsibility to determine all applicable codes for each specific project.”
  • InspectionsLimited

    Construction or work in Cleveland County that must comply with the 2014 Arkansas Energy Code for New Building Construction.

    • Inspection is by the Arkansas Economic Development Commission - Energy Office, its agent, or the code official.
    • A county or municipality that has adopted the Code and conducts final inspections as part of normal operations must perform final inspection and approval when the building is complete and ready for occupancy.
    • All counties, cities, or municipalities that issue building permits for new building construction are required to adopt the Code for new construction, additions, and renovation of existing structures.
    • A local government may impose prior plan approval, building permit requirements, and inspections during construction.
    • The Code's effective date is January 1, 2015.
    “Construction or work that must comply with this Code shall be subject to inspection”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
  • Certificate of occupancyLimited

    Open-enrollment public charter schools commencing student operations in a new or renovated facility anywhere in Arkansas.

    • Before commencing operations with students, the school must obtain one of three alternative approvals for the new construction or renovation.
    • The alternatives are: a certificate of occupancy issued by a local code official and approved by the state fire marshal; a certificate of occupancy or other approval of the state fire marshal; or a certificate of substantial completion issued by a licensed architect.
    • A certificate of occupancy is therefore not independently mandatory when one of the two listed alternative approvals is obtained.
    “An open-enrollment public charter school shall not commence operations with students in any new or renovated facility unless the school has obtained for the new construction or renovation: (1) A certificate of occupancy issued by a local code official, approved by the state fire marshal; (2) A certificate of occupancy or other approval of the state fire marshal; or (3) A certificate of substantial completion issued by a licensed architect.”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Limited — State of Arkansas construction projects administered by a state owner or agency.
      “Certificates of Occupancy are not issued by any one State Agency for State projects. The responsibility therefore rests with the Owner/Agency of the project.”
    • Limited — Buildings subject to the Arkansas Energy Code when located in a county or municipality that has adopted the Code and conducts final inspections as part of normal operations.
      “An open-enrollment public charter school shall not commence operations with students in any new or renovated facility unless the school has obtained for the new construction or renovation: (1) A certificate of occupancy issued by a local code official, approved by the state fire marshal; (2) A certificate of occupancy or other approval of the state fire marshal; or (3) A certificate of substantial completion issued by a licensed architect.”
  • SetbacksSpecified

    Onsite wastewater facilities in Cleveland County, Arkansas, including facilities for collection, treatment, and renovation of wastewater.

    • The minimum horizontal distances apply only where ideal conditions indicate they are sufficient; greater distances are required where local conditions demand.
    • Waivers, except those involving public water supplies, must be submitted to and approved by the Arkansas Department of Health.
    • Waivers affecting public water supplies must be submitted to and approved by the Engineering Section of the Arkansas Department of Health.
    • For ponds on adjacent properties, the 100-foot distance applies if the facility is in the pond watershed.
    • In no case may the minimum separation distance from any pond be less than 50 feet.
    • The water-service-line provision incorporates the Arkansas Plumbing Code, 17 CAR part 65.

    distance from high-water mark of any body of water when within one quarter mile of a public water supply intake on that body of water: >= 300 feet · distance from any spring used as a public water supply: >= 300 feet · distance from any source of domestic water supply: >= 100 feet · distance from high-water mark of any stream or lake: >= 100 feet · distance from any pond on the same property: >= 50 feet · distance from any pond on adjacent properties when in the pond watershed: >= 100 feet · minimum distance from any pond in all cases: >= 50 feet · distance from any dwelling or building: >= 10 feet · distance from all property lines: >= 10 feet · distance from any water service line: >= 10 feet (See Arkansas Plumbing Code, 17 CAR pt. 65.) · distance from any sinkhole: >= 100 feet

    “Facilities used for the collection, treatment, and renovation of wastewater shall be at least: (1) Three hundred feet (300’) from the high-water mark of any body of water, if within one quarter (1/4) mile of a public water supply intake on that body of water; (2) Three hundred feet (300’) from any spring used as a public water supply; (3) One hundred feet (100’) from any source of domestic water supply; (4) One hundred feet (100’) from the high-water mark of any stream or lake; (5)(A) Fifty feet (50’) from any pond on the same property and at least one hundred feet (100’) from any pond on adjacent properties, if in the pond watershed. (B) In no case shall the minimum separation distance from any pond be less than fifty feet (50’); (6) Ten feet (10’) from any dwelling or building; (7) Ten feet (10’) from all property lines; (8)(A) Ten feet (10’) from any water service line. (B) See Arkansas Plumbing Code, 17 CAR pt. 65; and (9) One hundred feet (100’) from any sinkhole.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Specified — Facilities used for the collection, treatment, and renovation of onsite wastewater systems statewide, including Cleveland County.
      “Facilities used for the collection, treatment, and renovation of wastewater shall be at least 10 feet from all property lines.”
  • Living in an RVLimited

    Occupancy of recreational vehicles in Arkansas recreational-vehicle parks regulated by the Arkansas Department of Health under 20 CAR Part 138.

    • The rule applies when three or more spaces are occupied or intended for occupancy by recreational vehicles, tiny houses on wheels, or mobile homes and placement or maintenance services, or both, are provided for a fee, whether new or existing.
    • The parcel is considered a mobile home or recreational vehicle park and must comply with 20 CAR Part 138.
    • The owner or operator is responsible for compliance.
    • Waivers or exceptions are considered case by case and approval is at the Department of Health's discretion.
    • Construction, alteration, repair, or extension of a mobile-home or recreational-vehicle park requires prior submission and department approval.
    • Detailed plans must include the park layout, sewage system, water source and distribution system, buildings, parking areas, dump stations, and topographical features.

    minimum spaces triggering park regulation: >= 3 spaces (Placement or maintenance services, or both, must be provided for a fee.)

    “Any parcel of land in which three (3) or more spaces are occupied or intended for occupancy by recreational vehicles, tiny houses on wheels, or mobile homes, where placement or maintenance services, or both, are provided for a fee, whether new or existing, shall be: (1) Considered a mobile home or recreational vehicle park; and (2) In compliance with this part.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Limited — Three or more RV spaces on a parcel where placement or maintenance services are provided for a fee
      “Any parcel of land in which three (3) or more spaces are occupied or intended for occupancy by recreational vehicles, tiny houses on wheels, or mobile homes, where placement or maintenance services, or both, are provided for a fee, whether new or existing, shall be: (1) Considered a mobile home or recreational vehicle park; and (2) In compliance with this part.”
  • Tiny homesLimited

    Occupancy of tiny houses on wheels in Arkansas parcels operating as mobile-home or recreational-vehicle parks with three or more paid spaces.

    • The rule expressly includes tiny houses on wheels among spaces triggering mobile-home or recreational-vehicle-park regulation.
    • Placement or maintenance services, or both, must be provided for a fee.
    • The parcel is considered a mobile home or recreational vehicle park and must comply with 20 CAR Part 138.
    • The owner or operator is responsible for compliance.
    • Waivers or exceptions are considered case by case at the discretion of the Arkansas Department of Health.
    • Construction, alteration, repair, or extension of the park requires prior submission and Department approval.
    • Detailed plans and specifications must include the park layout, sewage system, water source and distribution system, buildings, parking areas, dump stations, and topographical features.
    • The rule does not establish a general statewide authorization or prohibition for a single tiny house on wheels outside a qualifying park.

    minimum qualifying spaces: >= 3 spaces (the spaces must be occupied or intended for occupancy by recreational vehicles, tiny houses on wheels, or mobile homes)

    “three (3) or more spaces are occupied or intended for occupancy by recreational vehicles, tiny houses on wheels, or mobile homes”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Limited — Three or more tiny houses on wheels on a parcel where placement or maintenance services are provided for a fee
      ““Tiny house on wheels” means a structure intended as a habitable dwelling for one (1) or more individuals which, for the purposes of this part, shall be considered a: (A) Mobile home, if plumbed and inspected in accordance with the 2018 Arkansas Plumbing Code, 17 CAR pt. 65; or (B) Recreational vehicle, if not plumbed and inspected in accordance with the 2018 Arkansas Plumbing Code;”
    • Limited — Occupancy of tiny houses on wheels in Arkansas mobile-home or recreational-vehicle parks regulated by the Arkansas Department of Health under 20 CAR Part 138.
      ““Tiny house on wheels” means a structure intended as a habitable dwelling for one (1) or more individuals which, for the purposes of this part, shall be considered a: (A) Mobile home, if plumbed and inspected in accordance with the 2018 Arkansas Plumbing Code, 17 CAR pt. 65; or (B) Recreational vehicle, if not plumbed and inspected in accordance with the 2018 Arkansas Plumbing Code;”
  • Who permits septicState

    Onsite wastewater systems in Cleveland County, including individual systems and systems serving subdivisions.

    • The Arkansas Department of Health or its Authorized Agent administers permits and approvals.
    • For cities or counties with Authorized Agents, the Authorized Agent acts for the Department; where no Authorized Agent has been designated, applications are made to the Department.
    “applications for onsite wastewater systems shall be made to the Department.”
  • Septic permitRequired

    Construction, alteration, repair, extension, or operation of onsite wastewater systems statewide in Arkansas.

    • A completed permit application and detailed plans must be approved before construction of a building or residence.
    • Construction, installation, or modification requires permits for construction and operation before work begins.
    • A permit may be refused where public sewer is reasonably available or economically feasible, subject to the emergency-repair exception.
    • Emergency repairs may proceed without prior permit only if a permit is obtained within 10 working days.
    • Applications are made to the Department or its Authorized Agent; where no local Authorized Agent is designated, applications are made to the Department.
    • Construction must begin within one year after issuance or the permit must be revalidated.
    • The rule is effective September 5, 2024.

    public sewer connection distance: <= 300 feet (when available and connection can be made without crossing another person's property) · emergency repair permit deadline: 10 working days (after repairs are made) · permit review fee for structures 1,500 square feet or less: 30 USD · permit review fee for structures over 1,500 and up to 2,000 square feet: 45 USD · permit review fee for structures over 2,000 and up to 3,000 square feet: 90 USD · permit review fee for structures over 3,000 and up to 4,000 square feet: 120 USD · permit review fee for structures over 4,000 square feet: 150 USD · alteration, repair, or extension permit review fee: 30 USD

    “A completed Onsite Wastewater System Permit Application and detailed plans and specifications following the requirements found in Appendix F for the collection, treatment and/or renovation facilities for all wastes of a domestic nature, containing a predominance of human excreta and exclusive of industrial wastes shall be submitted to and receive the approval of the Arkansas Department of Health or its Authorized Agent, prior to construction of a building or residence. [...] Permit requirement. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, corporation, association, municipality, or governmental agency to begin construction, alteration, repair, or extension of any onsite wastewater system, owned by any other person, firm, corporation, association, municipality or governmental agency until the owner first obtains a valid Permit for Construction issued by the Department or its Authorized Agent.”
  • Septic inspectionRequired

    Operation of onsite wastewater systems statewide in Arkansas after installation or construction.

    • The system must be inspected and approved by the Arkansas Department of Health or its Authorized Agent before operation.
    • The owner must obtain a Permit for Operation before the system is used.
    • The installer must notify the Authorized Agent or Designated Representative when the installation is ready for inspection.
    • The owner or occupant must provide free access at reasonable times for inspection.
    • The installer must submit required installation documentation to the local health unit within five days.
    • The inspection may be performed by the Authorized Agent or, with the Authorized Agent's approval, by the Designated Representative.

    installer documentation deadline: 5 days (after installation pursuant to the approved permit)

    “It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, corporation, association, municipality or governmental agency to begin operation of any onsite wastewater system until such system has been inspected and approved by the Department or its Authorized Agent and the owner has first obtained a Permit for Operation issued by the Department or its Authorized Agent. [...] Within five (5) days, the installer shall submit the required documentation to the local health unit that the system has been installed pursuant to the approved permit. [...] After approval of the inspection, the Authorized Agent will approve and issue a Permit for Operation. The system shall not be used until the Permit for Operation is issued.”
  • Off-grid sanitationAllowed (with conditions)

    Use of composting or incinerating toilets as components of an Arkansas onsite wastewater system.

    • Only pre-manufactured composting or incinerating toilets authorized by the Department may be used.
    • The devices must be evaluated by an ANSI-approved laboratory under NSF Standard 41.
    • Wastewater other than urine and feces must be renovated or disposed of under Sections 8 or 9 of the rule.
    • Stabilized compost must be buried onsite or deposited in an approved sanitary landfill.
    • The system remains subject to applicable onsite wastewater permitting and approval requirements.
    “Only pre-manufactured composting or incinerating toilets authorized by the Department”
  • Well permitLimited

    Wells serving public and semi-public water systems in Arkansas.

    • Written approval from the Arkansas Department of Health is required before construction begins.
    • If the well's public or semi-public status is uncertain, the well contractor must obtain a written determination from the Department of Health before construction.
    • This claim does not establish a general construction-permit requirement for private domestic wells.
    “Wells for public and semi-public water systems shall be located, designed, and constructed in accordance with the respective rules of the Department of Health and shall have written approval from the department prior to the start of construction. If uncertain that a well is public or semi-public, the well contractor shall obtain a written determination from the department prior to construction.”
  • Mandatory utility hookupSewer (with conditions)

    Homes and premises where a sanitary sewer is within 300 feet from the point where the sewer exits the building and available without crossing another person's property.

    • When the stated distance and availability conditions are met, connection to the sanitary sewer is required.
    • Privies, onsite wastewater systems, and other receptacles for human excreta may not be constructed, maintained, or used on the premises under that condition.

    sewer distance from building sewer-exit point: <= 300 feet (sewer must be available without crossing another person's property)

    “All premises shall be connected to a sanitary sewer when within three hundred feet (300’) from the point where the sewer exits a building on the property owner’s property and available to said premises when connection can be made without crossing another person's property.”
  • Agricultural exemptionConditional

    State and local sales-tax exemption for electricity, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas used by qualifying agricultural structures and qualifying aquaculture or horticulture equipment in Arkansas.

    • The utility must be separately metered and used only for the exempt purpose.
    • Multiple-use meters serving eligible and noneligible structures, facilities, or equipment do not qualify.
    • The farmer must obtain a certificate from the Arkansas Department of Finance and Administration before the exemption is allowed and provide it to the utility supplier.
    • Qualifying agricultural structures include commercial poultry or livestock facilities, cattle or dairy facilities, and greenhouses used for commercial production.
    • Qualifying aquaculture or horticulture equipment includes specified cooling, collection, irrigation, pond-pumping, pond-aeration, and holding or sorting-tank equipment used in commercial operations.

    exemption start date: 2014-01-01 · eligible utilities: electricity, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas (Must be separately metered and used only for the exempt purpose) · DFA certificate: true (Required before the exemption is allowed) · water exemption for commercial poultry farming start date: 2021-10-01 (Water must be used exclusively for poultry farming and separately metered)

    “Act 1441 of 2013 provides an exemption from state and local sales taxes for electricity, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas used by qualifying agricultural structures and qualifying aquaculture and horticulture equipment beginning January 1, 2014. The eligible utility must be separately metered and used only for the purpose of the exemption.”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Available — Construction, installation, maintenance, repair, or renovation of a nonresidential farm building or structure under Arkansas electrical-code exemptions, including in Cleveland County.
      “The Electrical Code requirements of Ark. Code Ann. § 20-31-101 et seq. shall not apply to the following: [...] any nonresidential farm building or structure”
    • Conditional — Construction, installation, maintenance, repair, or renovation of a nonresidential farm building or structure in Arkansas, as an exemption from the Arkansas Electrical Code Authority Act requirements.
      “(b) The requirements of the Arkansas Electrical Code Authority Act, Arkansas Code § 20-31-101 et seq., shall not apply to the following: [...] (2) Any construction, installation, maintenance, repair, or renovation of any nonresidential farm building or structure;”
  • Subdividing landRegulated (with conditions)

    Subdivision lots in Arkansas, including Cleveland County, when onsite wastewater systems are proposed.

    • Construction of any type may not begin on a subdivision lot until the Arkansas Department of Health has given final approval of the submission for onsite-wastewater utilization.
    • Subdivision submissions are made to the local health unit using an approved review method.
    • Lots under three acres have specified soil-depth requirements to seasonal water tables.
    • Drip-dispersal lots used to determine minimum lot size must be at least 0.5 acre and must satisfy the listed bedrock, flagged absorption-area, and legal-description criteria.

    soil depth to brief seasonal water table for lots under 3 acres: >= 13 inches or greater · soil depth to adjusted moderate seasonal water table for lots under 3 acres: >= 18 inches or greater · soil depth to adjusted long seasonal water table for lots under 3 acres: >= 24 inches or greater · minimum drip-dispersal lot size: >= 0.5 acre (The criteria in 14 CAR § 21-405(a)(6)(A) must also be met.)

    “Construction of any type shall not begin upon any lot in the subdivision until final approval of the submission for utilization of onsite wastewater systems within the subdivision has been made by the Department of Health.”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Regulated (with conditions) — Subdivision development in Arkansas, including Cleveland County, when onsite wastewater systems are proposed.
      “5.5.7 Construction of any type shall not begin upon any lot in the subdivision until final approval of the submission for utilization of onsite wastewater systems within the subdivision has been made by the Department.”
    • Regulated (with conditions) — Subdivision plats that are boundary surveys creating parcels in Arkansas.
      “Subdivision plats [...] are to be filed with the State Surveyor’s office [...] Filing is not required [...] for survey plats [...] located in a municipality [...]”
  • Driveway accessRequired

    All access driveways on Arkansas state highways, including applicable locations in Cleveland County.

    • Within incorporated cities or counties, applicants must satisfy the city and/or county requirements to obtain the ARDOT permit.
    • City or county requirements must meet or exceed the requirements of 27 CAR § 94-301.
    • No work may be undertaken on state highway right-of-way until the engineer issues the permit.
    • Applications must be made by the owner or a duly authorized representative.
    • The permit is only for constructing or modifying property access, not parking, servicing, or loading and unloading on state highway right-of-way.
    • Commercial driveway initial-construction or modification permits require a minimum $1,000 deposit or bond per driveway; governmental-entity permits may receive a waiver; the deposit or bond is refunded after satisfactory completion.
    • Commercial driveway permits expire one year after issuance; noncompliance may result in revocation and forfeiture, with a possible written extension of up to six months for good cause.

    commercial driveway deposit or bond: >= 1000 USD per driveway (May be waived for governmental entities; refunded upon satisfactory completion.) · commercial driveway permit expiration: 1 year from date of issue (Written extensions may be granted for up to six months for good cause.)

    “A permit shall be obtained from the Arkansas Department of Transportation for all access driveways on state highways.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Required — Construction, reconstruction, modification, or relocation of access driveways on Arkansas State Highway right-of-way, including residential, commercial, and temporary access driveways.
      “A permit shall be obtained from the Department for all access driveways on State Highways.”
  • Building in a floodplainRequired

    Development by an Arkansas state department on property within the boundaries of the hundred-year floodplain or a Building Authority Division designated flood hazard area.

    • The rule applies to a state department proposing the development, not generally to all private or local development statewide.
    • The department must submit an application on a form approved by the Design Review Section.
    • The application must include the application number, date, department or property owner, site address or legal description, development type, brief description, base flood elevation, lowest-floor elevation, attachment acknowledgment, and applicant contact/signature information.
    • Supporting attachments should include the FEMA map, copies of other regulatory permits such as Clean Water Act sections 401 and 404 permits, elevation certificates, a certification of no increase in base flood elevation or no-rise certificate, a flood-proofing certificate, certifications for water supply, sanitary sewer, and on-site waste disposal systems, and notification of watercourse alteration or relocation.
    • The Design Review Section reviews and approves or disapproves the application; if approved, the floodplain administrator issues a development permit for the design phase.
    • The permit must be posted during construction; the site is reviewed before final acceptance; and noncompliant work requires correction or may be designated a nonconforming use site.
    • For riverine watercourse alteration or relocation, the department must notify the division, adjacent communities, and the state NFIP Coordinator at the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission before the alteration or relocation, submit copies to the Federal Insurance and Mitigation Administration, maintain flood-carrying capacity, and provide an engineering study of before-and-after conditions prepared by a registered professional engineer.
    • For structures and equipment pads under the state rule, elevation requirements vary by FEMA-map and base-flood-elevation availability: two feet above adjacent grade where no FEMA map exists; two feet above the Building Authority Division base flood elevation where no nearby FEMA base flood elevation data exists; and one foot above the accepted or mapped base flood elevation in the circumstances specified by 22 CAR § 111-708.

    minimum elevation where no FEMA map exists and site is flood-prone: 2 feet above adjacent grade · minimum elevation where FEMA map exists but no base flood elevation data is provided within 500 feet: 2 feet above the Building Authority Division-established base flood elevation · minimum elevation where FEMA map exists, no site base flood elevation is provided, and a base flood elevation is available within 500 feet or from another authoritative source: 1 foot above the base flood elevation accepted by the division · minimum elevation where FEMA map provides a base flood elevation at the site: 1 foot above the elevation shown on the map in the flood insurance study, if available, or as interpolated between map elevations

    “When a department proposes to develop property within the boundaries of the hundred-year floodplain or a Building Authority Division designated flood hazard area, the department shall submit an application for a development permit on a form approved by the Design Review Section.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Required — Arkansas state department capital improvement projects and department development in a hundred-year floodplain or Building Authority Division designated flood hazard area, including projects affecting Cleveland County.
      “When a department proposes to develop property within the boundaries of the hundred-year floodplain or a Building Authority Division designated flood hazard area, the department shall submit an application for a development permit on a form approved by the Design Review Section.”
  • Permit feesPublished (with conditions)

    Individual onsite wastewater permit applications in Arkansas, including applications for property in Cleveland County.

    • Permit fees are payable to the Arkansas Department of Health.
    • The review fee must be paid before issuance of Part 1 of the Permit Application.
    • There is no refund if the applicant does not proceed.
    • Construction must begin within one year of issuance or the permit must be re-validated.
    • For structures of 1,500 square feet or less, the review fee is $30; fees increase by structure size up to $150 for structures over 4,000 square feet.
    • Alteration, repair, or extension of an individual sewage disposal system has a $30 review fee.
    • Auxiliary residential areas such as garages, carports, and porches are excluded when calculating square footage.

    review fee for structure <= 1500 sq ft: 30 USD · review fee for structure >1500 and <=2000 sq ft: 45 USD · review fee for structure >2000 and <=3000 sq ft: 90 USD · review fee for structure >3000 and <=4000 sq ft: 120 USD · review fee for structure >4000 sq ft: 150 USD · review fee for alteration, repair, or extension: 30 USD

    “4.9.1 A fee shall be levied for the review of Individual Onsite Wastewater Permit Applications as follows: 4.9.1.1 For structures one thousand five hundred square feet (1,500 sq. ft.) or less, the fee to review a permit application is thirty dollars ($30.00); [...] 4.9.1.5 For structures more than four thousand square feet (4,000 sq. ft.), the fee to review a permit application is one hundred fifty dollars ($150.00); 4.9.1.6 For the alteration, repair, or extension of any individual sewage disposal system, the fee to review a permit application is thirty dollars ($30.00).”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
  • Permit processPublished (with conditions)

    Onsite wastewater permitting in Cleveland County, Arkansas, administered by the Arkansas Department of Health or its Authorized Agent.

    • A completed permit application and detailed plans and specifications must be submitted and approved before construction of a building or residence.
    • Where no Authorized Agent has been designated for a city or county, applications must be made to the Department; forms and instructions may be obtained from the Authorized Agent or Department.
    • Part I is the Permit for Construction and must be completed by a Designated Representative and approved before construction.
    • The installer must notify the Authorized Agent at least 24 hours before beginning work; emergency repairs may begin without prior notification if a permit is obtained within ten working days.
    • After installation inspection approval, Part III, the Permit for Operation, is issued; the system may not be used until that permit is issued.
    • A permit may be refused where public sewer is reasonably available or economically feasible, or where issuance conflicts with applicable laws, rules, or Act 402 policy; emergency repairs are excepted if a permit is obtained within ten working days.

    advance installer notification: >= 24 hours (Emergency repairs may proceed without prior notification if a permit is obtained within ten working days.) · construction start deadline after permit issuance: <= 1 year (Permit must be re-validated if construction does not begin within one year.)

    “Part I of the Permit is the Permit for Construction. Part I of the Permit Application form shall be completed by a Designated Representative and approved by the Department or its Authorized Agent prior to initiating construction.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Published (with conditions) — Arkansas state department development projects located within a hundred-year floodplain or a Building Authority Division-designated flood hazard area.
      “the department shall submit an application for a development permit”
  • Campground & park staysLimited

    Camping at Arkansas state-park campsites.

    • Campsites are limited to eight persons, excluding day-use guests, and one camping unit consisting of no more than two structures.
    • Registration at the park office and payment of the camping fee are required before campers are considered registered.
    • At least one adult age eighteen or older must register for and occupy the campsite during the entire registration period, with exceptions for scout troops, camping groups, or multiple family groups when sufficient adult supervision is provided.
    • Registration must occur at the park office on the day of arrival, and campers must occupy the site by the time the visitor information center closes.
    • Campsite occupancy is limited to fourteen days within a thirty-day period in the same park.
    • A seven-day extension may be granted by the Park Superintendent from April through October when campgrounds are not at capacity.
    • Additional extensions require approval by the Director of the State Parks Division for health problems, relocation, or job reassignment; longer extensions may be granted by Park Superintendents from November through March.
    • Campers may not move between campsites in the same park to evade the limits, because permanent or semi-permanent residence is not permitted in a state park.
    • All vehicles and trailers must be parked on hard surfaces or designated sites.
    • State park camping areas are fee areas for registered campers only.
    • The rule addresses state-park campsites and does not establish a statewide rule for camping on private land or land outside state parks.

    maximum persons per campsite: 8 persons (excluding day-use guests) · maximum camping units per campsite: 1 unit (the unit may consist of no more than two structures) · maximum occupancy: <= 14 days per 30-day period (seven-day extensions and other stated extensions may apply)

    “Campers may not occupy campsites within the same park in excess of fourteen (14) days within a thirty-day period.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
  • county zoning authorityGeneral

    Arkansas counties may establish zoning ordinances for all or part of their unincorporated areas through a county planning board.

    • The county planning board may prepare or cause preparation of the ordinance.
    • The ordinance must include both a map and text.
    • Permitted subjects include building location, height, bulk, stories, size, open space, lot coverage, population density and distribution, and uses of land, buildings, and structures.
    • The ordinance may require off-street parking and loading.
    • The ordinance may provide for compatible-use districts, large-scale unified development, elimination of nonconforming uses, and other matters necessary to county health, safety, and general welfare.
    • The ordinance must designate districts or zones for all or part of the unincorporated area.
    • Regulations must be uniform throughout each district or zone.
    • The ordinance must allow and regulate home-based work as provided in Arkansas Code § 14-1-104.
    “The county planning board shall have authority to prepare, or to cause to be prepared, a zoning ordinance for all or part of the unincorporated area of the county, which ordinance shall include both a map and a text.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • General — Arkansas county planning boards adopting zoning ordinances for all or part of a county's unincorporated area.
      “The county planning board shall have authority to prepare, or to cause to be prepared, a zoning ordinance for all or part of the unincorporated area of the county, which ordinance shall include both a map and a text.”

Still unanswered

We looked and could not find an official answer yet. Silence is not permission — ask the county directly.

  • Local zoning — Municipal or town zoning within Cleveland County, including Rison and Kingsland, aggregated at the county level.
  • Zoning districts — Countywide and unincorporated-area zoning districts in Cleveland County.
  • Minimum dwelling size — Minimum dwelling size for residential construction in unincorporated Cleveland County.
  • Minimum lot size — Minimum lot-size requirements in unincorporated Cleveland County, Arkansas.
  • Lot coverage — Lot coverage limits in unincorporated Cleveland County.
5 more unanswered
  • Building height
  • Camping on your land
  • Manufactured homes
  • Accessory dwellings
  • Short-term rentals

Each answer was extracted from an official source and independently re-checked against that source by a second reviewer. That is an evidence check, not legal advice. Rules change; confirm with the authority before you buy or build.

Living off-grid in Cleveland County, Arkansas

Is Cleveland County a good place to live off-grid or homestead?

Cleveland County scores 85/100 on the Bolthole Index, a strong county profile. Its strengths: low administrative friction for a quiet rural property and manageable long-term carry cost.

Do you need a building permit in Cleveland County, Arkansas?

Cleveland County does not require a county building permit for a home in unincorporated areas, and it has no county-wide zoning. Onsite septic is permitted by Arkansas Department of Health - Onsite Wastewater Program. Owner-builders may act as their own contractor to build their home. These answers are quoted from official sources and independently re-checked. Rules change and cities within the county differ — always confirm with the county before you buy or build.

Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in Cleveland County?

Living in an RV on your own land in Cleveland County is limited to specific cases: Statewide rule. Occupancy of recreational vehicles in Arkansas recreational-vehicle parks regulated by the Arkansas Department of Health under 20 CAR Part 138. The rule applies when three or more spaces are occupied or intended for occupancy by recreational vehicles, tiny houses on wheels, or mobile homes and placement or maintenance services, or both, are provided for a fee, whether new or existing. The parcel is considered a mobile home or recreational vehicle park and must comply with 20 CAR Part 138. A tiny home is limited to specific cases. Confirm with the county before relying on it.

How much does land cost in Cleveland County, Arkansas?

Land in Cleveland County runs about $3,733 per acre, based on the latest county data.

What is the water situation in Cleveland County?

Cleveland County gets about 55.2" of rain a year, with severe drought in roughly 10.5% of years.

How remote is Cleveland County?

A representative private-land location has about 5,758 people within a 30-minute drive and 1,196,629 within two hours. The road-network catchments count population across county lines and clusters of smaller cities; straight-line radius values remain available as a comparison.

How Cleveland compares in Arkansas

Compare side-by-side →See all 75 Arkansas counties ranked →