Unincorporated Rutherford County, Tennessee requires building permits for covered construction and county zoning approval for structures and land uses12. TDEC handles septic permits; obtain septic or STEP documentation and zoning compliance before applying to Building Codes34. Required inspections and a Certificate of Occupancy must be completed before move-in56.
At a glance
- Building permit
- Required for covered work in unincorporated Rutherford County1
- Zoning
- County zoning regulates land uses and structures in unincorporated areas2
- Residential permit fee
- $0.70 per square foot under beam for a new dwelling or added living space7
- Septic permits
- TDEC handles new septic permits; STEP and city sewer require provider verification38
- RV living
- Generally prohibited outside an approved campground, with narrow guest, disaster and construction exceptions9
- Tiny homes
- Allowed only with planning approval, a building permit and the applicable construction and utility standards10
- Owner-builder
- Owners may pull their own permits for minor projects but become responsible for inspections11
- Move-in
- A Certificate of Occupancy from Building Codes is required6
Who to call
Building permits
Rutherford County Building Codes Department
Issues commercial and residential building permits, electrical permits, and property maintenance/zoning enforcement for unincorporated Rutherford County
1 South Public Square, Room 101, Murfreesboro, TN 37130
Planning & zoning
Rutherford County Planning & Engineering
Administers the county Zoning Ordinance and Subdivision Regulations, reviews accessory dwelling unit (ADU) applications, and staffs the Planning Commission and Board of Zoning Appeals
1 South Public Square, Room 200, Murfreesboro, TN 37130
Septic permits
Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC), Division of Water Resources
Issues and inspects Subsurface Sewage Disposal System (septic) construction permits for Rutherford County
Contact details are copied from each office’s official page and were checked against it on October 11, 2026.
Off-grid gear
Going off-grid in Rutherford County means bringing your own water and power. The kit we’d start with:
- Water Crystal Quest Filter any source — well, rain, or creek — to drinking-clean.
- Power Bluetti Solar generators and home battery backup for living off the grid.
- Septic Soil percolation test kit Run your own perc test before paying an engineer — the first thing a septic office asks about.
- Water Well water test kit Bacteria, nitrates, hardness — know what the well on a parcel is really pumping.
These are affiliate links — we may earn a commission, at no cost to you. As an Amazon Associate, Bolthole Index earns from qualifying purchases.
Do you need a building permit in Rutherford County, Tennessee?
Yes. Unincorporated Rutherford County requires a permit before covered construction, enlargement, alteration, repair, movement, demolition, occupancy changes, or regulated trade work begins1. The county uses the 2024 family of International Codes for applicable projects12. A qualifying agricultural structure is exempt from building permits and related fees when the property has at least 5 acres, has an established agricultural use, and the structure is used exclusively for agriculture; a Certificate of Zoning Compliance must still go to Building Codes13. Property owners may obtain their own permits for minor projects, but then act as permit holder and contractor and are solely responsible for requesting and completing inspections11. Inside Smyrna, the town issues building permits; TDEC still handles septic systems where public sewer is unavailable1415.
Who is the Rutherford County building department, and how do you reach them?
The Rutherford County Building Codes Department is at 1 South Public Square, Room 101, Murfreesboro, TN 37130; call 615-898-773416. The office is open Monday through Friday from 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. and issues no permits after 4:15 p.m.16. Planning and zoning questions go to Rutherford County Planning & Engineering at 1 South Public Square, Room 200, Murfreesboro, TN 37130; call 615-898-773017. The residential building-permit schedule charges $0.70 per square foot under beam for a new dwelling or added living space7. Zoning compliance costs $250 for a new principal residence, addition, or accessory dwelling unit and $150 for a detached accessory structure, subject to posted changes and stated waivers18. The applicant must request inspections and obtain approval before continuing to the next construction phase; building inspections are included in the building-permit fee, but plumbing, gas, electrical and mechanical inspections are separate5. Move-in requires a Certificate of Occupancy from Building Codes6.
Does Rutherford County have zoning?
Rutherford County zoning governs structures and land uses in unincorporated areas2. Murfreesboro, Smyrna and La Vergne administer their own zoning192021. TDEC remains the septic authority for properties in those cities using septic systems rather than public sewer221523. Eagleville also has its own zoning ordinance24. County zoning districts are established through the ordinance and official zoning map, with district-specific lot sizes, setbacks, heights and coverage limits2526. The AR district has a 5-acre minimum lot area; RL requires 1 acre and RM requires 15,000 square feet, subject to applicable exceptions2728. RL and RM have a 35-foot maximum building height29. A detached accessory dwelling unit must contain at least 300 square feet; that is not a general minimum for principal homes30. Ask Planning & Engineering to confirm the parcel’s district and applicable exceptions before designing17.
How do septic permits work in Rutherford County?
The Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation administers subsurface sewage disposal permitting in Rutherford County331. Installing or repairing a septic system requires TDEC construction permitting, while projects on C.U.D. STEP or Murfreesboro city sewer must provide the applicable provider's verification before county permit issuance832. Planning directs applicants to obtain the septic map or permit first, then a Certificate of Zoning Compliance, before taking the documents to Building Codes4. A new conventional permit costs $400 for design flow up to 1,000 gallons per day, while a new alternative permit costs $500 at that flow33. The installer must notify TDEC after installation, and the system must receive a final inspection before it is covered34. Only 16.2% of Rutherford County soils are rated without severe limits for a conventional drain field, so settle the septic path early35.
Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in Rutherford County?
Rutherford County prohibits occupying an RV outside an approved campground except in narrow circumstances9. Visiting relatives or invited guests may occupy one RV or camping trailer on a residential lot for no more than 14 days in a calendar year36. Disaster displacement or construction of an unoccupiable principal residence can qualify for a 6-month temporary-use permit, with one additional 6-month period possible; approved water, sewer, and electric service is required, and construction occupancy also requires a valid building permit9. Rutherford County defines a tiny house as 400 square feet or less, excluding lofts10. A site-built tiny house needs a permanent foundation, an approved septic system, and compliance with the applicable residential code appendix; a pre-manufactured unit needs the state modular-building label10. Planning approval and a building permit are required before placement10.
How do you build a home in Rutherford County, Tennessee?
- Confirm the zoning district, dimensional rules, proposed use, and any subdivision review with Planning & Engineering25263717.
- Obtain the TDEC septic map or permit, C.U.D. STEP verification, or city-sewer verification that applies to the parcel432.
- Obtain a Certificate of Zoning Compliance from Planning & Engineering4.
- Take the required documents to Building Codes and pay before review416.
- Request and pass inspections at the required construction stages5.
- Obtain the Certificate of Occupancy before moving in6.
- Check driveway placement and culvert sizing with Engineering and the Highway Department; single-family and duplex driveway openings must be at least 2 feet from an adjoining interior lot line, and culvert pipes must be at least 15 inches unless Engineering requires more38. A concrete or asphalt driveway needs no building permit unless its slab is intended as a foundation for a future project or structure39. A driveway on state highway right-of-way also needs a TDOT permit40.
What should you check before buying land in Rutherford County?
Confirm whether the parcel is in unincorporated Rutherford County or a municipality, then verify its zoning district, minimum lot area, setbacks, lot-coverage cap, height limit, legal access, and subdivision status before treating it as buildable22741424337. Test the septic path early because only 16.2% of Rutherford County soils are rated without severe limits for a conventional drain field35. Ask Planning & Engineering whether the parcel lies in a mapped flood-hazard area; the ordinance imposes specific elevation rules on manufactured homes in mapped flood zones4417. The terrain is generally gentle, with 91.7% of land at a slope of 15% or less, while 53.8% is wooded4546. We could not confirm the private-well permit rule; ask TDEC’s Division of Water Resources which well approvals apply before closing47.
Watch-outs
- Do not treat an RV as an unrestricted construction residence: the temporary-use exception requires a valid building permit, approved utilities, and ends when the principal home receives occupancy approval9.
- A farm parcel is not automatically permit-free: Rutherford County's agricultural-building exemption requires at least 5 acres, an established agricultural use, exclusive agricultural use of the structure, and a Certificate of Zoning Compliance13.
- The confirmed 300-square-foot minimum applies to detached accessory dwelling units, not every home; ask Planning & Engineering about principal-home size and manufactured-home occupancy in the parcel's district3017.
Sources
- Building Code FAQ, quoted and re-checked
- Planning & Engineering - Rutherford County, TN, quoted and re-checked
- Subsurface Sewage Disposal System (SSDS) Permits, quoted and re-checked
- Building Code FAQ, quoted and re-checked
- Residential Building Inspections, quoted and re-checked
- Building Code FAQ, quoted and re-checked
- Rutherford County Residential Building Permit Fees, quoted and re-checked
- Subsurface Sewage Disposal System (SSDS) Permits, quoted and re-checked
- Building Code FAQ, quoted and re-checked
- Residential Building Information, quoted and re-checked
- Residential Building Codes and Inspections, quoted and re-checked
- Building Code Adoption, quoted and re-checked
- Planning & Engineering FAQs, quoted and re-checked
- Town of Smyrna: Permits (Rutherford County), quoted and re-checked
- Town of Smyrna: Subsurface Sewage Disposal System Frequently Asked Questions (Rutherford County), quoted and re-checked
- Rutherford County Building Codes Department (rutherfordcountytn.gov)
- Rutherford County Planning & Engineering (rutherfordcountytn.gov)
- Planning & Engineering FAQs, quoted and re-checked
- Murfreesboro: Zoning Ordinance_City of Murfreesboro (Rutherford County), quoted and re-checked
- Town of Smyrna: Town of Smyrna Municipal Zoning Ordinance (Rutherford County), quoted and re-checked
- La Vergne: Zoning Ordinance | La Vergne, TN (Rutherford County), quoted and re-checked
- Murfreesboro: Septic System Construction Permit (Rutherford County), quoted and re-checked
- La Vergne: Subsurface Sewage Disposal System (SSDS) Permits (Rutherford County), quoted and re-checked
- Zoning Ordinance, City of Eagleville Tennessee, quoted and re-checked
- Rutherford County Zoning Ordinance, quoted and re-checked
- Rutherford County Zoning Ordinance, quoted and re-checked
- Rutherford County Zoning Ordinance, quoted and re-checked
- Rutherford County Zoning Ordinance, quoted and re-checked
- Rutherford County Zoning Ordinance, quoted and re-checked
- Rutherford County Zoning Ordinance, quoted and re-checked
- Septic System Construction Permit (Tennessee statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- rutherfordcountytn.gov, quoted and re-checked
- Septic System Construction Permit (Tennessee statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Subsurface Sewage Disposal System (SSDS) Frequently Asked Questions (Tennessee statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Share of soils USDA rates "not limited" for a conventional septic drain field (SSURGO). A strict rating: the median county is about 6% and a tenth of counties are 0%, so a low figure means most lots need a site evaluation or an engineered system, not that septic is impossible. Cite it only with that caveat: Bolthole Index county data
- Building Code FAQ, quoted and re-checked
- Planning & Engineering, quoted and re-checked
- Rutherford County Zoning Ordinance, Access Regulations, quoted and re-checked
- Building Code FAQ - Rutherford County, TN, quoted and re-checked
- Highway Entrance Permits (Tennessee statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Rutherford County Zoning Ordinance, quoted and re-checked
- Rutherford County Zoning Ordinance, quoted and re-checked
- Rutherford County Zoning Ordinance, quoted and re-checked
- Rutherford County Zoning Ordinance, quoted and re-checked
- Share of land at 15% slope or less: Bolthole Index county data
- Wooded share of land: Bolthole Index county data
- Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC), Division of Water Resources (solidwaste.rutherfordcountytn.gov)
Written October 11, 2026 from the rules quoted below, each taken from an official source and re-checked by an independent reviewer. This is research, not legal advice: rules change, so confirm with the office before you buy or build.