Building permits, zoning and septic rules in Monroe County, Wisconsin
68Index Score / 100 #43 of 72 in Wisconsin
Unincorporated Monroe County, Wisconsin requires a county building permit for construction over $2,000, and new one- and two-family dwellings also need a Uniform Dwelling Code permit12. General county zoning applies only in participating towns, while cities and villages issue their own building permits and zoning approvals34. Monroe County still handles countywide septic permits, including addresses inside cities and villages5.
At a glance
Building permit
Required over $2,000; new one- and two-family dwellings need a UDC permit16
Zoning
General county zoning varies by town; county shoreland zoning applies near navigable water378
Septic (POWTS) permits
Get the county sanitary permit before installation95
Owner-builder exemption
An owner who occupies or will occupy the home may pull the UDC permits10
Shoreland setback
75 feet from the ordinary high-water mark, subject to exceptions11
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Do you need a building permit in Monroe County, Wisconsin?
Unincorporated Monroe County requires a county building permit for construction over $2,0001. Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code applies to new one- and two-family dwellings, including stick-built, modular and manufactured-home installations, which need a UDC permit166. The UDC establishes construction standards and inspection procedures; the responsible agency depends on municipal delegation or Wisconsin DSPS authority17. An owner who occupies or will occupy the home may apply without a Dwelling Contractor Certification but must acknowledge the contractor-responsibility cautionary statement; required permits and inspections still apply10. The published 2023 zoning fee schedule lists $200 for a dwelling or commercial zoning permit, $100 for additions and agricultural or accessory structures, and $50 for a floodplain land-use or shoreland permit18. Separate shoreland instructions list $300 for a dwelling with an attached garage or shed; construction started before permit issuance incurs a double fee19. Confirm current fees with the Monroe County Zoning Department4.
Who issues building permits and zoning approvals in Monroe County?
The Monroe County Zoning Department is the first call for county building permits and zoning approvals in unincorporated Monroe County; it also handles shoreland, floodplain and subdivision review14. Reach the department at 777 S Black River Street, Suite 2, in Sparta, phone (608) 269-8939, from 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.4. Inside a city or village, contact that municipality for its building permit and zoning approval rather than using the county's unincorporated-area applications4. Monroe County still approves POWTS septic applications countywide after the soil and site evaluation and county inspection, including for property inside a city or village5. For a new one- or two-family dwelling, identify whether the municipality or Wisconsin DSPS is the UDC permitting authority before submitting plans2. After construction, occupancy follows a final inspection with no major health or safety violations; some municipalities also issue occupancy permits20.
Does Monroe County have zoning, and what are the shoreland lot rules?
Monroe County general zoning applies in Adrian, La Grange, Leon, Little Falls, New Lyme, Oakdale, Ridgeville, Sparta, Tomah, Wells and Wilton34. The county publishes general districts ranging from residential and business to agriculture, forestry, wilderness, group development and wetland, but the list does not identify a parcel's district21. A town outside the participating list may have its own ordinance3. Inside Village of Cashton, village zoning governs development; Monroe County still administers sanitary permits for private sewage systems2223. County shoreland zoning covers unincorporated land within 300 feet of a navigable river or stream and within 1,000 feet of a navigable lake, pond or flowage7. In regulated unincorporated shorelands, a sewered lot generally needs at least 10,000 square feet and 65 feet of average width and water frontage; an unsewered lot generally needs at least 20,000 square feet and 100 feet of average width and water frontage, excluding navigable-water beds from area and width calculations1415. Legally created undersized lots may qualify if never reconfigured or combined, without structures partly on an adjacent parcel, and compliant with other requirements; otherwise a variance is required14. The usual waterway setback is 75 feet from the ordinary high-water mark, subject to applicable exceptions11.
How do septic (POWTS) permits work in Monroe County?
Monroe County requires a county sanitary permit before a private septic system is installed, and the plumber responsible for installation must sign the application24. When required, the county sanitary permit must precede a shoreland zoning permit24. The property owner or agent files the POWTS application with Monroe County after the soil and site evaluation and county inspection; county sanitation approval and the application fee come before issuance of the sanitary permit5. The Monroe County Zoning Department handles county sanitary permits, including for addresses inside cities and villages2554. Wisconsin requires a visual inspection at least every three years, with counties acting as state agents to track maintenance and send reminders26. Only about 3.1% of Monroe County soils lack severe limits for a conventional septic drain field, so settle the design and cost early27. Ask the Zoning Department which installation inspections to schedule because we could not confirm the complete county procedure4.
Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in Monroe County?
We could not confirm a countywide rule for long-term RV living, temporary camping or tiny-home occupancy on private land in unincorporated Monroe County. Ask both the Monroe County Zoning Department and the parcel's town before buying or placing a unit, because county general zoning applies only in participating towns and a nonparticipating town may have its own ordinance3284. In the county flood-fringe district, a mobile recreational vehicle that stays on site for 180 consecutive days or more, or is not fully licensed and ready for highway use, must meet the flood-fringe elevation and anchoring requirements29. A manufactured home installed as a new one- or two-family dwelling needs a UDC building permit, with zoning approval and a county septic permit still separate25. We could not confirm a countywide minimum home size or accessory-dwelling rule, so ask the Zoning Department4.
Building a home in Monroe County: the steps, in order
Ask the Monroe County Zoning Department which county building permit, zoning district, shoreland rules and floodplain rules apply; inside a city or village, ask that municipality for its building permit and zoning approval134.
If the home will use septic, complete the soil and site evaluation and county inspection, then obtain the county sanitary permit before septic installation and before any required shoreland zoning permit524.
Obtain the required county shoreland or floodplain land-use permit before construction3031.
File the UDC building-permit application for a new one- or two-family dwelling with the responsible municipality or DSPS authority; the DSPS Online Building Permit System sends applications to the intended municipality and emails confirmation at filing and municipal approval; contact the municipality for its procedure if it does not use that system632.
Arrange footings, foundation, rough, insulation and final inspections with the inspector named on the UDC permit, then wait for a final inspection with no major health or safety violations before occupancy3320.
Ask the Highway Department about a county-highway driveway permit, or get a WisDOT connection permit for a state-highway driveway3412.
What to check before you buy land in Monroe County
Water: most new private wells require advance DNR notification and a $50.50 fee, followed by a construction report within 30 days35. Soils: only about 3.1% of Monroe County soils lack severe limits for a conventional septic drain field, so settle the system design and cost before buying27. Flood: new structures, substantially improved structures, wells and sewage systems are prohibited in the floodway, while floodfringe structures must place the first floor at least 2 feet above base flood elevation36. Zoning: identify the parcel's county or town district, and remember that the shoreland-wetland and general shoreland districts apply within the county shoreland area378. Subdivision: a land division in the shoreland area must comply with the shoreland ordinance and other applicable rules, with stricter floodplain provisions left in force38. Access: ask the Highway Department about a county-road driveway; a state-highway connection requires WisDOT approval3412. Taxes: the median property tax bill is about $2,801 a year at an effective rate near 1.4%3940.
Watch-outs
Wisconsin lets individual towns run their own Uniform Dwelling Code inspection agency; confirm with Monroe County Zoning which office actually enforces the UDC and inspects construction in your specific town before assuming the county handles it41.
A town outside the list of towns that adopted county zoning may still have its own separate town zoning ordinance rather than no rules at all; check with the town directly, not just the county3.
A recreational vehicle parked in a Monroe County flood-fringe area for 180 consecutive days or more must meet the county elevation and anchoring requirements, so check the parcel's flood status before planning an RV stay29.
Written October 12, 2026 from the rules quoted below, each taken from an official source and re-checked by an independent reviewer. This is research, not legal advice: rules change, so confirm with the office before you buy or build.
Monroe County highlighted among the Wisconsin counties · colored by Index score
How Monroe County scores
Seclusion50100% ev.
Self-Sufficiency65100% ev.
Admin Boringness44100% ev.
Durability61100% ev.
Property Autonomy70100% ev.
Carry Cost67100% ev.
Evidence strength: 100%. This reports direct-source completeness and fallback use; it is separate from the score and is not a confidence interval. How it works →
$263kTypical home
1.4%Property tax
$5,240Land / acre
35.6"Annual rain
4.6% of yrsSevere drought
1.8 / yr (+1.7)Mid-century 100°F days
13.4 daysMid-century dry spell
1.66" (+6.7%)Mid-century 1-day rain
1.7×Wildfire change factor
100%Forward climate coverage
$1,284Home insurance / yr
3% / yrInsurance growth
0.6%Nonrenewal rate
county median (2+ published ZIPs)Insurance basis
40,538People within 30 min
1,976,334People within 2 hr
32,484Radius comparison (15 mi)
51.2People / sq mi
13.1%Federal land
63.7%Land at 15% slope or less
3.1%Soils rated "not limited" for septic (strict USDA rating)
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Cities and towns in Monroe County
Inside a city, town or township here, that government usually sets zoning and may issue its own building permits; the county’s rules above cover land outside them.
Not yet researched: Town of Adrian · Town of Angelo · Town of Byron · Town of Clifton · Town of Glendale · Town of Grant · Town of Greenfield · Town of Jefferson · Village of Kendall · Town of La Grange · Town of Lafayette · Town of Leon · Town of Lincoln · Town of Little Falls · Village of Melvina · Town of New Lyme · Village of Norwalk · Town of Oakdale · Village of Oakdale · Town of Portland · Town of Ridgeville · Town of Scott · Town of Sheldon · Sparta · Town of Sparta · Tomah · Town of Tomah · Village of Warrens · Town of Wellington · Town of Wells · Town of Wilton · Village of Wilton · Village of Wyeville
Answers from the rulebook for Monroe County
What the ordinances and state agencies actually say — one answer per question, each quoted from the official source and independently re-checked.
Monroe County rules
County-wide zoningPresent (with conditions)
Proposed structures and improvements in the Monroe County shoreland zoning area.
Applies within 300 feet of a navigable stream or 1,000 feet of a navigable lake or pond.
Permit must be obtained before construction.
Projects disturbing more than 10,000 square feet require contacting the Zoning Department for additional application requirements.
stream shoreland jurisdiction: 300 feet (from navigable stream) · lake or pond shoreland jurisdiction: 1000 feet (from navigable lake or pond) · additional application threshold: > 10000 square feet (disturbance)
“Per Sec. 53-33 of the Monroe County Code of Ordinances a shoreland zoning permit is required for ALL proposed structures and improvements within 300 feet of a navigable stream or 1,000 feet of a navigable lake or pond prior to construction.”
One more reviewed finding on this topic
Present (with conditions) — County shoreland zoning in unincorporated Monroe County.
“Areas regulated by this ordinance shall include all the lands (referred to herein as shorelands) in the unincorporated areas of Monroe County which are: (1) Within one thousand (1,000) feet of the ordinary high-water mark of navigable lakes, ponds or flowages or within one thousand (1,000) feet of the high-water mark of navigable glacial pothole lakes. (2) Within three hundred (300) feet of the ordinary high-water mark of navigable rivers or streams, or to the landward side of the floodplain, whichever distance is greater.”
Local zoningVaries (with conditions)
Aggregate local zoning in Monroe County, including county shoreland zoning and potentially more restrictive town or municipal rules.
The county ordinance regulates unincorporated shoreland areas.
Unless exempted by law, cities, villages, towns, and counties must comply with local shoreland ordinances and obtain necessary permits.
An existing town shoreland ordinance that is more restrictive continues to apply to the extent of the greater restrictions.
Incorporated-area shoreland requirements are provided in Wis. Stat. §§ 61.353 and 62.233.
“If an existing town ordinance relating to shorelands is more restrictive than this ordinance or any amendments thereto, the town ordinance continues in all respects to the extent of the greater restrictions but not otherwise.”
Zoning districtsPublished (with conditions)
County general zoning districts identified by Monroe County for applicable county-zoned areas, principally unincorporated areas where county zoning applies.
The published county general zoning list includes R-1 Urban residential, R-2 Suburban residential, R-3 Rural residential, B Business, IB Interstate business, I Industrial, GA General agriculture, EA Exclusive agriculture, AO Agriculture only, C Community, GF General forestry, EF Exclusive forestry, W Wilderness, GD Group development, and W-1 Wetland.
The county zoning department separately identifies zoned and unzoned towns; incorporated municipalities may administer their own zoning rules.
The source publishes district classes but does not establish the district applicable to a particular parcel.
“COUNTY GENERAL ZONING Zoning Code Zoning Class Zoning Class Definition & Regulations Link R-1 Urban residential”
One more reviewed finding on this topic
Partial — County shoreland zoning districts in unincorporated Monroe County.
“Sec. 53-62 Designation. This district shall include all wetlands shown in the most recent version of the Wisconsin Wetland Inventory as depicted on the Department of Natural Resources Surface Water Data Viewer. [...] This district includes all shorelands subject to regulation under section 53-31 which are not included in the shoreland-wetland district.”
Minimum lot sizeSpecified
Lots in regulated shorelands within the unincorporated areas of Monroe County, Wisconsin.
The ordinance regulates shorelands in unincorporated Monroe County: within 1,000 feet of the ordinary high-water mark of navigable lakes, ponds, or flowages, or within 1,000 feet of the high-water mark of navigable glacial pothole lakes; and within 300 feet of the ordinary high-water mark of navigable rivers or streams, or to the landward side of the floodplain, whichever is greater.
The ordinance does not apply to lands adjacent to qualifying farm drainage ditches or artificially constructed drainage ditches, ponds, or stormwater retention basins that are not hydrologically connected to a natural navigable water body.
Beds of navigable waters are excluded when calculating minimum lot area or width.
Sewered lots require at least 10,000 square feet, 65 feet minimum average width, and 65 feet frontage at the ordinary high-water mark.
Unsewered lots require at least 20,000 square feet, 100 feet minimum average width, and 100 feet frontage at the ordinary high-water mark.
A legally created substandard lot may be used as a building site if it was never reconfigured or combined, never had structures partly placed on an adjacent lot or parcel, and complies with all other ordinance requirements.
Other lots below the stated dimensions require a variance from the board of adjustment; illegally created lots require a variance before construction.
A planned unit development may be approved after a public hearing on a single lot of at least 2 acres with at least 200 feet of frontage on navigable water. Riparian lots must meet sections 53-152 and 53-153, but non-riparian lots may be smaller if the zoning committee finds adequate building area and considers setbacks, impervious-surface requirements, pollution, erosion, and scenic beauty. Reduced non-riparian lots require a 100-foot shoreland setback, a 70-foot vegetative buffer, compliance with impervious-surface limits, perpetual open space, the Monroe County Subdivision Ordinance procedure, a recorded final plat or certified survey map before construction, and a regular zoning permit for each structure.
minimum lot area for sewered lot: >= 10000 square feet · minimum average lot width for sewered lot: >= 65 feet · minimum frontage for sewered lot: >= 65 feet at ordinary high-water mark · minimum lot area for unsewered lot: >= 20000 square feet · minimum average lot width for unsewered lot: >= 100 feet · minimum frontage for unsewered lot: >= 100 feet at ordinary high-water mark · minimum planned unit development parcel area: >= 2 acres (single lot with navigable-water frontage) · minimum planned unit development frontage: >= 200 feet (navigable water) · planned unit development shoreland setback for reduced non-riparian lots: >= 100 feet from ordinary high-water mark · planned unit development vegetative buffer: >= 70 feet landward of ordinary high-water mark
“Sewered lots. For each lot served by public sanitary sewer the minimum lot area shall be 10,000 sq. ft. [...] Unsewered lots. [...] 20,000 sq. ft.”
2 more reviewed findings on this topic
District specific (with conditions) — Lots in the Monroe County shoreland zoning area served by public sanitary sewer.
“For each lot served by public sanitary sewer the minimum lot area shall be 10,000 sq. ft. and the minimum average lot width shall be 65 feet with at least 65 feet of frontage width at the ordinary high water mark.”
District specific (with conditions) — Lots in the Monroe County shoreland zoning area not served by public sanitary sewer.
“For each lot not served by public sanitary sewer the minimum lot area shall be 20,000 sq. ft. and the minimum average lot width shall be 100 feet with at least 100 feet of frontage width at the ordinary high water mark.”
SetbacksDistrict specific (with conditions)
Structures and improvements in the Monroe County shoreland zoning area.
A shoreland zoning permit is required before construction for proposed structures and improvements within 300 feet of a navigable stream or 1,000 feet of a navigable lake or pond.
The listed waterway setback is measured to the ordinary high water mark.
Nonconforming-structure setbacks require contacting the Zoning Department.
waterway setback: 75 feet (to ordinary high water mark) · septic drainfield setback: 15 feet (downslope of above-ground systems) · septic drainfield setback: 10 feet (from in-ground systems or upslope and end slope of above-ground systems) · septic or pump tank setback: 5 feet (to edge of tank, not manhole)
“Waterway: 75feet to ordinary high water mark Septic System-Drainfield: 15 feet downslope of above ground systems 10 feet from in-ground system or upslope and end slope of above ground system Septic or Pump Tank: 5 feet to edge of tank (not manhole)”
Living in an RVLimited
Mobile recreational vehicles located in Monroe County flood-fringe areas.
A mobile recreational vehicle on site for 180 consecutive days or more must meet the flood-fringe elevation and anchoring requirements in Sec. 50-93(l)(2).
The same requirements apply when the vehicle is not fully licensed and ready for highway use.
The rule applies specifically to the county flood-fringe district, not countywide private-land occupancy.
maximum unrestricted flood-fringe stay before requirements apply: < 180 consecutive days (Requirements also apply sooner if the vehicle is not fully licensed and ready for highway use.)
“(m) Mobile recreational vehicles. All mobile recreational vehicles that are on site for 180 consecutive days or more or are not fully licensed and ready for highway use shall meet the elevation and anchoring requirements in subsection (l)(2) of this section.”
One more reviewed finding on this topic
Temporary only (with conditions) — Camping-unit and recreational-vehicle stays in Monroe County parks and county park recreation areas.
“Camping is prohibited except in designated areas in county parks and county park recreation areas. No person shall camp without a permit and payment of the prescribed fees. [...] No person shall camp and no camping unit shall remain for a period greater than 21 days in any four-week period in the property of registration from April 1 through December 1. [...] There shall be no permanent construction at any campsite.”
Who permits septicCounty (with conditions)
Installation of a POWTS or commercial/industrial wastewater disposal system in Monroe County.
The application must be filed with the county by the property owner or agent for county approval.
Submission occurs after a soil and site evaluation and county inspection have been completed.
Sanitation facilities application approval and payment of the application fee are required before a sanitary permit may be issued.
The county ordinance incorporates Wisconsin Statutes, Wisconsin Administrative Code chapters SPS 381-385, SPS 387, SPS 391, NR 113, NR 116, NR 812, Trans 233, and Monroe County Code chapters 47, 50, and 53.
“An application to install a POWTS [...] shall be filed with the county [...] for county approval.”
Septic permitRequired
Private septic systems serving vacant-land development in Monroe County.
The permit must be obtained before septic installation begins.
The permit must be signed by the responsible plumber.
A sanitary permit, when required, must precede a shoreland zoning permit.
“Apply for a Sanitary Permit. This permit must be signed by the plumber who will be responsible for installing your septic system. Most plumbers will apply for you, but it is your responsibility to make sure that a permit is obtained before installation of your septic system begins.”
One more reviewed finding on this topic
Required — Installation of a private septic system in Monroe County.
“before installation of your septic system begins.”
Subdividing landRegulated (with conditions)
Subdivision of lots within Monroe County shoreland areas governed by Chapter 53.
The subdivision must comply with the shoreland ordinance and other applicable local, state, or federal regulations.
A more restrictive floodplain ordinance remains in force.
“The use of any land; the size, shape and placement of lots; the use, size, type and location of structures on lots; the filling, grading, lagooning, and dredging of any lands; the cutting of shoreland vegetation; and the subdivision of lots shall be in full compliance with the terms of this ordinance and other applicable local, state or federal regulations.”
Permit feesPublished (with conditions)
Monroe County zoning and shoreland/floodplain permit fees in the opened county fee schedule.
The application fee is due at submittal and is non-refundable.
A double fee is charged if construction begins before permit issuance.
After-the-fact permits are charged a double fee.
dwelling with attached garage or shed: 300 USD · dwelling or commercial: 200 USD · agricultural and accessory structures: 100 USD · additions: 100 USD · deck or porch: 50 USD · floodplain land use: 50 USD · shoreland: 50 USD · class 2 collocation for cell tower: 250 USD
“Dwelling w/ attached garage/shed: $300 Dwelling or Commercial: $200 Agricultural and Accessory Structures: $100 Additions: $100 Deck or Porch: $50 Sign: $50 Floodplain Land Use: $50 Shoreland: $50 Class 2 Collocation for Cell Tower: $250.00 After-the-Fact Permit: Double Fee”
2 more reviewed findings on this topic
Published (with conditions) — Monroe County shoreland zoning and related county permits.
Published (with conditions) — Monroe County zoning and land-division fees shown in the published schedule.
“Last amended 1-1-2022 Zoning Fee Schedule 2023 [...] Dwelling or Commercial: $200.00 [...] Floodplain Land Use or Shoreland Permit: $ 50.00 [...] Preliminary plat review. $700 plus $10 per lot”
Wisconsin rules that apply here
Building permitRequired
New one- and two-family dwellings covered by Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code, including covered additions and alterations.
The cited brochure states that permit requirements for alterations and additions vary by municipality.
Construction begins only after plans are approved and the building permit is issued and posted.
The enforcing jurisdiction may be the municipality, county, or state.
Local zoning, land-use, floodplain, sanitary, well, driveway, utility, and other approvals may also be required.
A building permit cannot be issued for a new dwelling using a private onsite wastewater treatment system until a sanitary permit has been issued.
“Begin construction after plans are approved and building permit is issued and posted.”
2 more reviewed findings on this topic
Required — New one- and two-family dwellings in Monroe County and statewide Wisconsin.
“A permit under the UDC is required for new one- and two-family dwelling units. This includes stick-built, modular, and manufactured home installations.”
Required — New one- and two-family dwelling units in Monroe County.
“A permit under the UDC is required for new one- and two-family dwelling units. This includes stick-built, modular, and manufactured home installations.”
Owner-builder exemptionConditional
An owner obtaining construction and erosion-control permits for a dwelling covered by the Wisconsin Uniform Dwelling Code.
The owner must occupy the home currently or will occupy it after completion.
The exemption permits the owner to take out the construction and erosion-control permits without the state-certified Dwelling Contractor and Dwelling Contractor Qualifier arrangement described for contractors.
The owner-occupancy statement must be checked on the permit application if the applicant does not possess Dwelling Contractor certification.
The source describes an owner-occupancy condition; it does not establish a general exemption for non-occupant owners.
“The construction and erosion control permits must be taken out by a state-certified Dwelling Contractor, who also employs a state-certified Dwelling Contractor Qualifier, or by the owner who occupies the home currently or will after completion.”
2 more reviewed findings on this topic
Available (with conditions) — Construction and erosion-control permits for an owner who currently occupies or will occupy the home.
“The construction and erosion control permits must be taken out by a state-certified Dwelling Contractor, who also employs a state-certified Dwelling Contractor Qualifier, or by the owner who occupies the home currently or will after completion.”
Available (with conditions) — An owner-occupant applying for an erosion-control or construction permit for a one- or two-family dwelling.
“I vouch that I am or will be an owner-occupant of this dwelling for which I am applying for an erosion control or construction permit without a Dwelling Contractor Certification”
Building code adoptedAdopted (with conditions)
Public buildings, places of employment, and multifamily buildings subject to Wisconsin's commercial building code.
The Division of Industry Services reviews plans before construction for compliance with state statutes and building codes.
Local certified municipalities may provide plan review and inspection services for certain building types.
The Wisconsin Commercial Building Code adopted the 2021 ICC effective September 1, 2025; plans submitted November 1, 2025 or later must comply with the updated code.
Municipalities may have grandfathered fire detection, prevention, and suppression ordinances under 2013 Act 270.
2021 ICC adoption date: September 1, 2025 (The deadline for building plan compliance was delayed.) · updated-code plan-submission deadline: November 1, 2025 (Plans submitted on or after this date must comply with the updated Commercial Building Code.)
“2013 Act 270 establishes a uniform commercial building code in Wisconsin while allowing municipalities to grandfather fire detection, prevention, and suppression ordinances”
6 more reviewed findings on this topic
Adopted (with conditions) — New one- and two-family dwellings in Wisconsin, including applicable additions, alterations, manufactured, modular, and panelized homes.
“The statewide code for new homes in Wisconsin is the Uniform Dwelling Code (UDC), SPS 320-325 of the Wisconsin Administrative Code and its adopted references. It is a uniform building code that applies across the state.”
Adopted (with conditions) — New one- and two-family dwellings in Monroe County, including stick-built, modular, and manufactured-home installations.
“The program governing one- and two-family dwelling units (including manufactured homes) is also called the UDC program, referring to the Uniform Dwelling Code.”
Adopted (with conditions) — New Wisconsin one- and two-family dwelling construction, including manufactured homes.
“Program Code Chapter: SPS 320-325 [...] The program governing one- and two-family dwelling units (including manufactured homes) is also called the UDC program, referring to the Uniform Dwelling Code. Enforces construction standards and inspection procedures including evaluation of building materials.”
Adopted (with conditions) — New one- and two-family dwellings in Wisconsin built since June 1, 1980.
“The Uniform Dwelling Code (UDC) is the statewide building code for one- and two-family dwellings built since June 1, 1980.”
Adopted (with conditions) — New Wisconsin one- and two-family dwelling construction, including stick-built, modular, and manufactured home installations
“A permit under the UDC is required for new one- and two-family dwelling units. This includes stick-built, modular, and manufactured home installations.”
Adopted — Wisconsin's Uniform Dwelling Code, chapters SPS 320-325, for new one- and two-family dwelling units, including stick-built, modular, and manufactured home installations.
“SPS 320-325 Uniform Dwelling Code (UDC), construction standard for 1-2 family dwelling units, applies uniformly statewide”
InspectionsRequired
Each phase of construction of a one- or two-family dwelling governed by the Wisconsin Uniform Dwelling Code.
Inspections are called for before each phase is covered up.
The local inspector’s instructions apply.
The inspector has two business days after the inspection request and the work being ready to inspect before the work may be covered.
Inspections check compliance with the code and may also check compliance with approved plans.
The UDC is enforced by municipal or county building inspection departments or the Wisconsin Division of Industry Services.
inspection response period: 2 business days (After the inspection request and the work is ready to inspect, before the work may be covered up.)
“Call for inspections of each phase of construction prior to covering it up - check the local inspector’s instructions. The inspector has two business days after the date that you make the inspection request and the work is ready to inspect, before you may cover up the work. Inspectors will check for compliance with the code.”
2 more reviewed findings on this topic
Required — New one- and two-family dwellings in Monroe County and statewide Wisconsin.
“The following inspections are required on new one- and two-family dwellings. When ready for inspection, notify the inspector identified on your UDC permit. 1. Footings (includes excavation, etc.) 2. Foundation and foundation reinforcement 3. Rough (includes electrical, plumbing, HVAC, framing, etc.) 4. Insulation 5. Final”
Required — New one- and two-family dwellings in Monroe County.
“The following inspections are required on new one- and two-family dwellings. When ready for inspection, notify the inspector identified on your UDC permit.”
Certificate of occupancyLimited
Occupancy of UDC-covered dwellings.
Occupancy follows a final inspection with no major health or safety violations.
Some municipalities issue occupancy permits; the state guide does not say every municipality must issue one.
The dwelling exterior must be completed within two years after permit issuance.
exterior completion deadline: 2 years (after permit issuance)
“Take occupancy after receiving a final inspection in which no major health or safety violations are found. (Some municipalities will issue occupancy permits.) Also, the dwelling’s exterior must be completed within two years after permit issuance.”
One more reviewed finding on this topic
Limited — Occupancy of a dwelling governed by Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code after construction.
“Take occupancy after receiving a final inspection in which no major health or safety violations are found. (Some municipalities will issue occupancy permits.) Also, the dwelling’s exterior must be completed within two years after permit issuance.”
Lot coverageSpecified
Impervious-surface coverage in the statewide shoreland framework and the DNR county model ordinance for qualifying shoreland lots or parcels.
The general standard applies to construction, reconstruction, expansion, replacement, or relocation of impervious surfaces within 300 feet of the ordinary high-water mark on riparian lots and parcels entirely within 300 feet of the ordinary high-water mark.
The general standard is 15 percent.
A lot or parcel may exceed 15 percent but not exceed 30 percent with a permit and mitigation plan.
For highly developed shorelines, counties are not required to adopt the special standards; if adopted, residential coverage may exceed 30 percent but not exceed 40 percent with a mitigation plan.
Treated impervious surfaces and defined roadways and sidewalks may be excluded from calculation when the ordinance conditions are met.
general impervious-surface limit: <= 15 percent of lot or parcel · maximum under general standard with mitigation: 30 percent of lot or parcel (permit and mitigation plan required) · highly developed shoreline residential maximum: 40 percent of lot or parcel (special standard adopted and mitigation plan required)
“The percentage of impervious surface allowed on a lot or parcel described under section 11.2 and as calculated under section 11.3 shall not exceed 15%.”
Building heightSpecified
Structures within 75 feet of the ordinary high water mark of navigable waters in Wisconsin shoreland zoning areas.
The DNR model ordinance identifies this as the NR 115.05(1)(f) height standard for county shoreland ordinances.
The prohibition does not extend beyond 75 feet from the ordinary high water mark under the stated standard.
Counties may regulate height beyond 75 feet through local ordinance.
maximum structure height within 75 feet of ordinary high water mark: <= 35 feet (A structure taller than 35 feet is prohibited within the specified area.)
“A structure taller than 35 feet within 75 feet of the ordinary high-water mark of any navigable waters is prohibited”
Manufactured homesAllowed (with conditions)
Occupancy of a manufactured home installed as a new one- or two-family dwelling in Wisconsin.
The Uniform Dwelling Code applies to new one- and two-family dwellings built since June 1, 1980.
The UDC includes manufactured homes and the installation of manufactured homes produced on or after April 1, 2007.
Occupancy follows a final inspection in which no major health or safety violations are found.
Some municipalities issue occupancy permits.
The dwelling exterior must be completed within two years after permit issuance.
Local sanitary requirements may require certain plumbing systems.
Local zoning and land-use requirements may also apply.
UDC coverage start date: >= 1980-06-01 date (The cited coverage is for new one- and two-family dwellings and their additions and alterations.) · manufactured-home installation coverage start date: >= 2007-04-01 date · exterior completion deadline: <= 2 years after permit issuance
“The installation of manufactured homes produced on or after April 1, 2007.”
Septic inspectionRequired
Privately owned wastewater treatment systems and septic systems statewide in Wisconsin.
Systems must be visually inspected at least once every three years.
Anaerobic treatment tanks must be serviced when combined sludge and scum volume reaches one-third of tank volume.
Counties, acting as state agents, operate maintenance-tracking programs and send reminders to landowners.
visual inspection interval: <= 3 years · combined sludge and scum service threshold: >= 33.333333 percent of tank volume (One-third of tank volume.)
“The code only requires that systems shall be visually inspected at least once every 3 years.”
Off-grid sanitationLimited
Sanitation for buildings with plumbing fixtures that are not connected to a public sewer in Wisconsin.
Off-grid wastewater handling must provide for treating, recycling, dispersing, or holding wastewater.
Private onsite wastewater treatment systems remain subject to Wisconsin POWTS requirements and applicable plan review or permits.
The rule does not establish unrestricted approval for any particular composting toilet, privy, holding tank, or other device.
“Where plumbing fixtures exist in a building that is not connected to a public sewer system, suitable provision shall be made for treating, recycling, dispersing or holding the wastewater.”
Well permitLimited
Construction of new private wells in Wisconsin, including Monroe County, except the stated notification exceptions and cases requiring written DNR approval.
Advance DNR notification is required before construction of a new private well that is not a high capacity well.
The notification requirement does not apply to high capacity wells, reconstruction of existing wells, or wells on Native American property.
For high capacity wells or other wells requiring written DNR approval, the applicant must follow the notification requirements in the approval.
A Well Construction Notification Number must be obtained before construction; a Well Construction Report must be submitted to DNR within 30 days after construction.
well construction notification fee: 50.5 USD (Heat Exchange Notification has no fee; the fee and notification number are not refundable or transferable.) · well construction report deadline: 30 days after construction
“Wisconsin law requires that a property owner provide advance notice to DNR before construction of any new private well that is not a high capacity well, and advance notice of any heat exchange drillhole construction (geothermal system) that does not require a written DNR approval.”
One more reviewed finding on this topic
Limited — Construction of private wells statewide in Wisconsin.
“Wisconsin law requires that a property owner provide advance notice to DNR before construction of any new private well that is not a high capacity well, and advance notice of any heat exchange drillhole construction (geothermal system) that does not require a written DNR approval.”
Mandatory utility hookupWater and sewer (with conditions)
Pre-installation water and sewer systems in a manufactured/mobile home park in Wisconsin.
Pre-installation plumbing-system plan review is required.
Submitted plans must comply with the Wisconsin Plumbing Code.
A conditional approval letter gives permission to start construction.
Local permitting requirements remain pending.
“Pre-installation plan review of the water and sewer systems in a manufactured/mobile home park is required as a plumbing system plan review via esla.wi.gov.”
Agricultural exemptionConditional
Wisconsin farmland preservation zoning districts and farmland preservation agreements; these are conditional agricultural-use protections and tax-credit frameworks, not a blanket exemption from local land-use or land-division ordinances.
Certified farmland preservation zoning districts limit land uses to agriculture and other compatible uses.
Local ordinances are crafted locally and must meet or be more restrictive than Chapter 91 standards.
A farmland preservation agreement requires land to remain in agricultural use for 10 years and comply with state soil and water conservation standards.
Agreement eligibility requires ownership of the farmland, location in a designated Agricultural Enterprise Area, at least $6,000 gross farm revenue during the last year or $18,000 during the last three years, and compliance with applicable conservation standards.
A certificate of compliance from the county land conservation committee is required to show compliance.
Other local zoning and land-division ordinances continue to apply.
A covered agreement provides exemption from special assessments for sanitary sewer or water imposed by specified local governmental entities.
Releases before expiration require written consent, a DATCP finding that agricultural use of other protected farmland will not be impaired, and payment of the specified conversion fee.
farmland preservation agreement term: 10 years (agreements effective before December 8, 2023, were minimum 15-year agreements) · minimum gross farm revenue during last year: >= 6000 USD (alternative test of $18,000 during the last three years) · minimum gross farm revenue during last three years: >= 18000 USD (alternative to the $6,000 last-year test) · tax credit: $10.00 per acre or $12.50 per acre if also in a certified farmland preservation zoning district (other eligibility requirements apply)
“Remember that other local ordinances (such as zoning and land division ordinances) continue to apply to your land, regardless of whether you sign an agreement.”
Driveway accessRequired
A new or altered driveway or other connection to a state trunk highway and work in state highway right-of-way.
WisDOT issues permits on state highways under its jurisdiction; county highways and municipal roads may be subject to county or municipal permitting instead.
The number of driveways serving a single state-trunk-highway frontage must be the minimum deemed necessary for reasonable service without undue impairment of safety, convenience, and utility.
A controlled-access designation or other access restriction may require a different application or prevent the connection.
A residential connection may be limited to 24 feet wide and a commercial connection to 35 feet wide at the right-of-way line.
residential connection maximum width: 24 feet at right-of-way line · commercial connection maximum width: 35 feet at right-of-way line
“So, a permit is required from WisDOT before you construct a new connection to your property. [...] Why can my connection only be 24 feet wide (residential) or 35 feet wide (commercial)? [...] These distances are measured at the right-of-way line.”
2 more reviewed findings on this topic
Required — Driveways and other connections between property abutting Wisconsin state highway right-of-way and the state highway.
“For state highways, WisDOT requires a connection permit.”
Limited — Multiple driveway connections serving one property frontage along a Wisconsin state trunk highway.
“The number of driveways permitted serving a single property frontage along a state trunk highway shall be the minimum deemed necessary by the department for reasonable service to the property without undue impairment of safety, convenience, and utility of the highway.”
Building in a floodplainLimited
Development in Wisconsin floodplains, including floodway and floodfringe areas.
Floodplain development typically requires a land use permit and a building permit.
In the floodway, new structures, substantially improved or damaged structures, hazardous or solid-waste storage, and wells or sewage systems are prohibited.
Floodway development is limited to open-space uses with low flood-damage potential unless the stated analysis or FEMA map-revision condition is met.
Floodfringe structures must have the first floor elevated two feet above base flood elevation and have dryland access.
Substantially damaged structures are subject to the stated 50-percent threshold and applicable elevation or relocation requirements.
floodfringe first-floor elevation: >= 2 feet above base flood elevation (for all new and substantially damaged or improved structures in the floodfringe)
“In the floodway, new structures, substantially improved or damaged structures, the storage of hazardous/solid waste and wells/sewage systems are prohibited.”
One more reviewed finding on this topic
Limited — Development within floodplain areas regulated by a Wisconsin community floodplain zoning ordinance based on the DNR model and state minimum standards.
“A land use permit shall be obtained before any development; repair, modification, or addition to an existing structure; or change in the use of a building or structure, including sewer and water facilities, may be initiated.”
Short-term rentalsLimited
Lodging rented to tourists or transients for short periods in Wisconsin, including homes, condos, cabins, cottages, and similar lodging facilities.
A DATCP lodging permit is required for all lodging facilities in Wisconsin.
A tourist or transient must be away from the person's permanent address.
The reviewed source does not establish local zoning or municipal operating restrictions.
“If lodging is rented to a tourist or transient, it will require a permit.”
Permit processPublished (with conditions)
DNR construction-site stormwater permit coverage for construction projects disturbing one or more acres.
Submit a Notice of Intent at least 14 working days before construction.
Develop an erosion control and stormwater management plan.
Read the general permit, pay the applicable fee, implement best management practices, conduct weekly inspections, and file a Notice of Termination when complete.
Waterway and wetland permits may also be needed.
minimum disturbed area: >= 1 acre · NOI lead time: 14 working days before construction
“Submit the Notice of Intent (NOI) form to the DNR at least 14 working days before construction will begin. [...] Conduct weekly on-site inspections through the duration of the project. [...] File a Notice of Termination once the project is complete.”
3 more reviewed findings on this topic
Published (with conditions) — UDC permit application process used for applicable one- and two-family dwelling projects in Monroe County.
“Upon successfully completing the permit application on the DSPS Online Building Permit System, the request is electronically sent to the intended municipality. You will receive a confirmation email from the Online Building Permit System upon filing the application, and then again upon municipality approval.”
Published (with conditions) — Wisconsin Uniform Dwelling Code permits for one- and two-family dwellings statewide.
“At least 2 sets of plans for all one- and 2-family dwellings shall be submitted”
Published (with conditions) — Construction of a new private well in Wisconsin that is not a high capacity well.
“Obtain a Well Construction Notification Number prior to constructing a well. This applies to both drilled wells and driven point wells. [...] A Well Construction Report must be completed and submitted to DNR within 30 days of well or drillhole construction.”
Campground & park staysLimited
Recreational trailers, pickup truck campers, and motor homes occupying campsites in Wisconsin State Park System family campgrounds.
Camping reservations are required before setting up on any site.
A campsite may contain no more than one recreation trailer, pickup truck camper, or motor home.
No person may camp or leave a camping unit in a family campground for more than 14 days in any 21 days.
Pickup campers or motor homes pulling a trailer are treated as a single unit.
maximum camping-unit occupancy per campsite: 1 recreation trailer, pickup truck camper, or motor home (Pickup campers or motor homes pulling a trailer are treated as a single unit.) · maximum stay: 14 days in any 21 days
“A campsite may be occupied by no more than one recreation trailer, pickup truck camper or motor home. Pickup campers or motor homes pulling a trailer are treated as a single unit. [...] No one may camp or leave a camping unit in a family campground for more than 14 days in any 21 days.”
3 more reviewed findings on this topic
Limited — Occupancy of recreational vehicles, including recreation trailers, pickup truck campers, motor homes, camper vans, and truck campers, at Wisconsin State Park System campsites.
“A campsite may be occupied by no more than one recreation trailer, pickup truck camper or motor home. Pickup campers or motor homes pulling a trailer are treated as a single unit.”
Limited — Temporary camping at Wisconsin State Park System properties.
“Camping reservations are required and can be made up to 11 months in advance of your planned date of occupancy. Campers must make a reservation before setting up on any site.”
Limited — Temporary camping in Wisconsin State Park System family campgrounds.
“Camping reservations are required and can be made up to 11 months in advance of your planned date of occupancy. Campers must make a reservation before setting up on any site. [...] No one may camp or leave a camping unit in a family campground for more than 14 days in any 21 days. [...] Not all properties offer camping during non-summer months. Camping seasons vary by property.”
county zoning authorityGeneral
Wisconsin counties may enact and amend county zoning ordinances under Wis. Stat. § 59.69 for participating towns, which are generally unincorporated areas.
County zoning applies only in towns that have adopted county zoning.
After a comprehensive revision of the county zoning ordinance, the town has authority to decide whether county zoning applies in the town.
Towns have authority to approve or disapprove amendments to a county zoning ordinance.
A town that does not fall under county zoning may be unzoned or may have its own town zoning ordinance.
“Counties exercise zoning ordinances under s. 59.69, Wis. Stats. County zoning only applies in towns that have adopted county zoning.”
county building authorityGeneral
Wisconsin county authority to administer construction and inspection of new one- and two-family dwellings, including in unincorporated areas, through the UDC delegation and inspection framework.
Counties must have delegated authority to exercise UDC jurisdiction.
A county with delegated authority has jurisdiction over new one- and two-family dwellings in cities, villages, and towns that do not have their own delegated authority.
The DSPS page directs applicants to the municipality when it has delegated authority and otherwise to DSPS or the appointed county inspector.
The authority described is for construction and inspection under the statewide UDC; local zoning, land-use, sanitary, floodplain, and other requirements may still apply.
covered construction: new one- and two-family dwellings (Jurisdiction depends on DSPS delegation and whether the municipality has its own delegated authority.)
“Counties: Counties with delegated authority have been authorized jurisdiction over the construction and inspection of new one- and two-family dwellings in cities, villages, and towns which do not have their own delegated authority.”
2 more reviewed findings on this topic
General — County authority to enforce the statewide Uniform Dwelling Code and administer building inspection and permitting for new one- and two-family dwellings in Wisconsin, including unincorporated areas where the county is the responsible inspection authority.
“The UDC is primarily enforced by municipal or county building inspectors who must be state-certified. In lieu of local enforcement, municipalities have the option to have the state provide enforcement for just new homes.”
Limited — County enforcement of Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code for new one- and two-family dwellings in municipalities, including towns, that do not have their own delegated authority
“Counties: Counties with delegated authority have been authorized jurisdiction over the construction and inspection of new one- and two-family dwellings in cities, villages, and towns which do not have their own delegated authority.”
Set by your township or city, not the county
In Wisconsin, zoning is adopted by each township or city, so Monroe County has no county-wide answer on these. Find your township or city in the list of places on this page, or call its clerk or zoning administrator.
Minimum dwelling size
Camping on your land
Tiny homes
Accessory dwellings
Each answer was extracted from an official source and independently re-checked against that source by a second reviewer. That is an evidence check, not legal advice. Rules change; confirm with the authority before you buy or build.
Living off-grid in Monroe County, Wisconsin
Is Monroe County a good place to live off-grid or homestead?
Monroe County scores 68/100 on the Bolthole Index, a strong county profile. Its strengths: a stronger property-autonomy legal backdrop and manageable long-term carry cost.
Do you need a building permit in Monroe County, Wisconsin?
Monroe County generally requires a residential building permit, and it enforces county zoning. Onsite septic is permitted by Monroe County Zoning Department (sanitary/POWTS permits). Owner-builders may act as their own contractor to build their home. These answers are quoted from official sources and independently re-checked. Rules change and cities within the county differ — always confirm with the county before you buy or build.
Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in Monroe County?
Living in an RV on your own land in Monroe County is allowed on a temporary basis only: Camping-unit and recreational-vehicle stays in Monroe County parks and county park recreation areas. Camping is allowed only in designated areas in county parks and county park recreation areas. A camping permit and payment of prescribed fees are required. Confirm with the county before relying on it.
How much does land cost in Monroe County, Wisconsin?
Land in Monroe County runs about $5,240 per acre, based on the latest county data.
What is the water situation in Monroe County?
Monroe County gets about 35.6" of rain a year, with severe drought in roughly 4.6% of years.
How remote is Monroe County?
A representative private-land location has about 40,538 people within a 30-minute drive and 1,976,334 within two hours. The road-network catchments count population across county lines and clusters of smaller cities; straight-line radius values remain available as a comparison.
