Bolthole Index

St. Croix County, Wisconsin

Building permits, zoning and septic rules in St. Croix County, Wisconsin

61Index Score / 100
#52 of 72 in Wisconsin

A new home in St. Croix County, Wisconsin needs a building permit from the municipality or other local UDC enforcing authority before construction begins12. St. Croix County still issues sanitary permits, including for properties inside cities and villages, while county general zoning covers most unincorporated areas but not Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph or Troy34.

At a glance

Building permit
Required for new UDC dwellings before construction begins1
Zoning
County general zoning covers most towns but not Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph or Troy; cities and villages run their own zoning45
Septic
New systems need a State Sanitary Permit; specified repairs and non-plumbing systems need a County permit3
Owner-builder
Available to an owner who occupies or will occupy the home6
RV or camping unit
Generally limited to 14 nights or days in a 60-day period; longer seasonal use needs a land-use permit78
Tiny home
No separate tiny-home category; a tiny home used as a dwelling needs at least 500 square feet per family where county zoning applies9
Minimum home size
At least 500 square feet per family where county General Zoning applies101112
Private well
Obtain the required well approval before building a home served by a private well13

Who to call

Zoning

St. Croix County Community Development Department

General zoning, shoreland, riverway and floodplain overlay districts, conditional use permits, variances and the Board of Adjustment for St. Croix County

715-386-4680

cdd@sccwi.gov

1101 Carmichael Rd, Suite 1300, Hudson, WI 54016

Online permits →

Septic permits

St. Croix County Community Development Department

State and county sanitary (POWTS/septic) permits, inspections and maintenance tracking for St. Croix County

715-386-4680

cdd@sccwi.gov

1101 Carmichael Rd, Suite 1300, Hudson, WI 54016

Online permits →

Contact details are copied from each office’s official page and were checked against it on October 16, 2026.

Off-grid gear

Going off-grid in St. Croix County means bringing your own water and power. The kit we’d start with:

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Do you need a building permit in St. Croix County, Wisconsin?

Yes. New one- and two-family homes in St. Croix County must follow Wisconsin's statewide Uniform Dwelling Code14. Construction may begin only after plans are approved and the building permit is issued and posted1. The enforcing authority may be a municipality, county or state agency, and requirements for additions and alterations can vary by municipality15. If the project uses private septic, obtain the sanitary permit before the local municipality can issue its building permit16. Each construction phase must be inspected before the work is covered17. An owner who occupies or will occupy the finished home may take out the construction and erosion-control permits, but owner-builder status does not remove code, inspection or other approval requirements6.

Who issues building permits in St. Croix County, and how do you reach them?

Start with the town, village or city where the parcel lies for the building permit, because Wisconsin allows UDC enforcement by municipal or county inspectors or by the state2. Inside New Richmond, the city issues residential building permits18. St. Croix County Community Development separately handles sanitary permits countywide and county zoning, shoreland, riverway and floodplain matters where those county rules apply; call 715-386-4680 or email cdd@sccwi.gov41920. County land-use applications require fees at filing, are generally non-refundable, and a late application can cost double the normal fee21. County land-use applications are due on the first Monday of the month, and staff strongly recommend a pre-application meeting22. Building-permit fees vary by municipality, so request the current requirements and fee schedule from the actual enforcing authority23.

Does St. Croix County have zoning?

St. Croix County general zoning covers all towns and unincorporated areas except Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph and Troy; county shoreland, floodplain, land-division, riverway and sanitary rules still apply across all townships45. Cities and villages, including New Richmond, North Hudson, Roberts and the village of Baldwin, enforce their own zoning codes2425265. We could not confirm separate zoning codes for the four excluded towns; ask the relevant town office before buying27. Where county zoning applies, Chapter 15 sorts land into base districts AG-1, AG-2, R-1, R-2, R-3, C-1, C-2, C-3, I-1, I-2 and CON, plus shoreland, Lower St. Croix Riverway, floodplain and non-metallic mining overlays, so the district decides what you can build28. Every dwelling, including a manufactured home, needs at least 500 square feet of floor area per family1011. Minimum lot area and setbacks vary by district and design2930. Shoreland rules generally require a 75-foot setback from the ordinary high water mark, subject to exceptions and averaging31. Private septic approval stays with St. Croix County Community Development, including inside cities and villages320.

How do septic permits work in St. Croix County?

A new private onsite wastewater treatment system needs a State Sanitary Permit, while repair, reconnection, rejuvenation or installation of non-plumbing sanitation needs a County Sanitary Permit3. Only a licensed plumber may submit the sanitary application, the permit must precede the local building permit, and county staff inspect sanitary-permit work at least once3. Private systems must also be serviced or inspected at least every three years unless a management plan says otherwise32. A privy or composting toilet is therefore not a permit-free off-grid workaround33. Only about 15% of county soils rate free of severe limits for a conventional drain field, so investigate soil and system feasibility before treating a lot as buildable34. St. Croix County Community Development administers POWTS permits and maintenance tracking; call 715-386-4680 or email cdd@sccwi.gov20.

Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in St. Croix County?

Where county General Zoning applies, one camping unit on vacant land or beside a principal dwelling may generally be occupied or used for no more than 14 nights or days in a 60-day period7. A seasonal land-use permit can instead allow one camping unit on a vacant parcel from May 15 through September 15 if it has a state sanitary system and yearly sanitary reconnection permit; seasonal travel trailers are barred in major subdivisions358. During construction, a one-year land-use permit can allow a camping unit or manufactured home when the owner holds building and sanitary permits and connects it to a legal sanitary system3637. Residential occupancy must stop when the principal home is capable of occupancy, and the manufactured home must be removed when the residence becomes occupied37. The county ordinance has no separate tiny-home category: a tiny home used as a dwelling must have at least 500 square feet per family938, while a portable structure that qualifies as a camping unit follows the camping limits39. County camping and dwelling-size provisions do not establish the answer for Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph, Troy or incorporated municipalities; ask the town or municipal zoning office2738.

Building a home in St. Croix County: the steps, in order

  1. Identify the parcel's zoning authority; county general zoning excludes Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph and Troy, while cities and villages use their own codes4.
  2. Confirm the district's allowed use, minimum lot area, setbacks, height and utility requirements before finalizing the site plan29304041.
  3. Secure the required well approval if the home will use a private well13.
  4. Have a licensed plumber submit the county sanitary-permit application, because that sanitary permit must precede the local building permit3.
  5. File building plans, documents, fees and prerequisite approvals with the municipality or its authorized UDC inspection agency42.
  6. Begin only after building-plan approval and building-permit issuance, then request each building inspection before covering the work117.
  7. Occupy after the final inspection finds no major health or safety violation; some municipalities also issue occupancy permits43.

What should you check before buying land in St. Croix County?

Confirm who zones the parcel first, because Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph and Troy fall outside county general zoning and every city or village enforces its own code; county sanitary rules and the county's township-wide land-division and overlay programs remain relevant4. If a seller proposes a new split, a survey and both town and county review may be required; creating 1-4 parcels within five years is a minor subdivision, while 5 or more is a major subdivision44. Check septic feasibility early because only about 15% of county soils rate free of severe limits for a conventional drain field34. Check flood maps before choosing a building site, because county-regulated floodplain development requires review and flood-resistant construction45. A driveway connecting to a state highway requires a WisDOT connection permit46. Renting a principal dwelling short-term requires an annual tourist rooming house license, locally issued by St. Croix County Public Health47.

Watch-outs

  • County general zoning excludes Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph and Troy, but that does not establish an absence of town zoning; ask the relevant town office which rules govern the parcel27.
  • A privy or composting toilet still requires a County Sanitary Permit, so off-grid sanitation is not permit-free33.
  • We could not confirm a countywide accessory-dwelling allowance, lot-coverage limit or general agricultural exemption; ask St. Croix County Community Development which requirements apply to the parcel19.

Sources

  1. Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code, quoted and re-checked
  2. Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code (Wisconsin statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
  3. Sanitary Program, quoted and re-checked
  4. Land Use & Zoning FAQ, quoted and re-checked
  5. Land Use and Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  6. Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code, quoted and re-checked
  7. St. Croix County, Wisconsin Code of Ordinances, Chapter 15 Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  8. St. Croix County, Wisconsin Code of Ordinances, Chapter 15 Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  9. St. Croix County, Wisconsin Code of Ordinances — Chapter 15 Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  10. St. Croix County, Wisconsin Code of Ordinances — Chapter 15 Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  11. St. Croix County, Wisconsin Code of Ordinances: Chapter 15 Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  12. St. Croix County, Wisconsin Code of Ordinances, Chapter 15 Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  13. Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code, quoted and re-checked
  14. Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code, quoted and re-checked
  15. Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code (Wisconsin statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
  16. Sanitary Program, quoted and re-checked
  17. Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code, quoted and re-checked
  18. New Richmond: Construction Guide: One & Two Family New Home Building Permit Process (St. Croix County), quoted and re-checked
  19. St. Croix County Community Development Department (sccwi.gov)
  20. St. Croix County Community Development Department (sccwi.gov)
  21. CDD Fees & Policies, quoted and re-checked
  22. Land Use and Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  23. Wisconsin Administrative Code SPS 302.34 (Wisconsin statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
  24. New Richmond: City of New Richmond Municipal Code (St. Croix County), quoted and re-checked
  25. Village of North Hudson: Code of Ordinances, Sec. 98-31, One-family and two-family residence districts (St. Croix County), quoted and re-checked
  26. Village of Roberts: Sec. 70-110. Rs-6 Single-Family Residential District (St. Croix County), quoted and re-checked
  27. St. Croix County Land Use & Zoning FAQs, quoted and re-checked
  28. Chapter 15 — Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  29. Chapter 15 — Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  30. Chapter 15 — Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  31. Wisconsin’s Shoreland Management Program (Wisconsin statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
  32. Sanitary Program, quoted and re-checked
  33. Sanitary Program, quoted and re-checked
  34. Share of soils USDA rates "not limited" for a conventional septic drain field (SSURGO). A strict rating: the median county is about 6% and a tenth of counties are 0%, so a low figure means most lots need a site evaluation or an engineered system, not that septic is impossible. Cite it only with that caveat: Bolthole Index county data
  35. sccwi.gov, quoted and re-checked
  36. St. Croix County Zoning Code, quoted and re-checked
  37. St. Croix County, Wisconsin Code of Ordinances, Chapter 15 Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  38. St. Croix County, Wisconsin Code of Ordinances — Chapter 15 Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  39. St. Croix County, Wisconsin Code of Ordinances — Chapter 15 Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  40. St. Croix County Zoning Code, quoted and re-checked
  41. St. Croix County Zoning Code, quoted and re-checked
  42. Wisconsin Administrative Code SPS 320.09 (Wisconsin statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
  43. Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code, quoted and re-checked
  44. Land Division, quoted and re-checked
  45. Chapter 18 Floodplain Zoning, quoted and re-checked
  46. State highway connection permits (driveways & more) (Wisconsin statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
  47. St. Croix County Zoning Code, quoted and re-checked

Written October 16, 2026 from the rules quoted below, each taken from an official source and re-checked by an independent reviewer. This is research, not legal advice: rules change, so confirm with the office before you buy or build.

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Compared with neighboring counties

Like all 6 of its neighbors, St. Croix County requires a building permit for a home.

RuleSt. Croix CountyPierce CountyDunn CountyPolk CountyPepin CountyBarron CountyChippewa County
Building permitRequiredRequiredRequiredRequiredRequiredRequiredRequired
County zoningYesYesYesYesNoYesYes
Septic permitsCounty Community Development Dept.County Land ManagementCounty Env. ServicesCounty Env. Services Div.County Land Conservation & Planning Dept.County Zoning OfficeCounty Dept. of Planning & Zoning

County locator

St. Croix County in Wisconsin

61
County map
St. Croix County highlighted among the Wisconsin counties · colored by Index score

How St. Croix County scores

Seclusion31100% ev.
Self-Sufficiency63100% ev.
Admin Boringness44100% ev.
Durability75100% ev.
Property Autonomy70100% ev.
Carry Cost56100% ev.

Evidence strength: 100%. This reports direct-source completeness and fallback use; it is separate from the score and is not a confidence interval. How it works →

$422kTypical home
1.2%Property tax
$6,451Land / acre
33.7"Annual rain
6.4% of yrsSevere drought
1.9 / yr (+1.8)Mid-century 100°F days
14.5 daysMid-century dry spell
1.7" (+5.8%)Mid-century 1-day rain
1.74×Wildfire change factor
100%Forward climate coverage
$1,537Home insurance / yr
2.9% / yrInsurance growth
0.81%Nonrenewal rate
county median (2+ published ZIPs)Insurance basis
37,483People within 30 min
4,599,992People within 2 hr
63,350Radius comparison (15 mi)
134People / sq mi
1.7%Federal land
88.4%Land at 15% slope or less
15.3%Soils rated "not limited" for septic (strict USDA rating)
68,828 acWorkable land screen
25.4%Wooded land
37.1 tonsBiomass / forest ac
44.1°FAvg temp

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Cities and towns in St. Croix County

Inside a city, town or township here, that government usually sets zoning and may issue its own building permits; the county’s rules above cover land outside them.

Not yet researched: Town of Baldwin · Village of Baldwin · Town of Cady · Town of Cylon · Village of Deer Park · Town of Eau Galle · Town of Emerald · Town of Erin Prairie · Town of Forest · Town of Glenwood · Glenwood City · Town of Hammond · Village of Hammond · Hudson · Town of Hudson · Town of Kinnickinnic · Town of Pleasant Valley · Town of Richmond · Town of Rush River · Town of Somerset · Village of Somerset · Town of Springfield · Town of Stanton · Town of Star Prairie · Village of Star Prairie · Town of Troy · Town of Warren · Village of Wilson

Answers from the rulebook for St. Croix County

What the ordinances and state agencies actually say — one answer per question, each quoted from the official source and independently re-checked.

St. Croix County rules

  • County-wide zoningPresent (with conditions)

    St. Croix County General Zoning in unincorporated areas and towns subject to county zoning.

    • County General Zoning applies to all towns and unincorporated areas except Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph, and Troy.
    • Incorporated cities and villages, including New Richmond and Baldwin, implement and enforce their own zoning codes.
    • Shoreland, Floodplain, Land Division, Lower St. Croix Riverway Overlay Districts, and Sanitary apply to all townships.
    “St. Croix County General Zoning applies to all towns and unincorporated areas, except the towns of Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph, and Troy. Incorporated territories (cities and villages), such as the city of New Richmond and the village of Baldwin, implement and enforce their own Zoning Codes.”
  • Local zoningVaries (with conditions)

    Zoning authority across St. Croix County, aggregated by geographic jurisdiction.

    • St. Croix County General Zoning applies to all towns and unincorporated areas except Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph, and Troy.
    • Incorporated cities and villages, including New Richmond and Baldwin, implement and enforce their own zoning codes.
    • The cited county source does not establish whether the four excluded towns have separate local zoning codes.
    • Shoreland, floodplain, land division, Lower St. Croix Riverway overlay, and sanitary regulations apply to all townships.
    “St. Croix County General Zoning applies to all towns and unincorporated areas, except the towns of Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph, and Troy. Incorporated territories (cities and villages), such as the city of New Richmond and the village of Baldwin, implement and enforce their own Zoning Codes.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Varies (with conditions) — Aggregate county result for zoning administered through County, town and municipal authorities.
      “St. Croix County General Zoning applies to all towns and unincorporated areas, except the towns of Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph, and Troy. Incorporated territories (cities and villages), such as the city of New Richmond and the village of Baldwin, implement and enforce their own Zoning Codes.”
  • Zoning districtsPublished

    County Chapter 15 base and overlay zoning districts in the area to which Chapter 15 applies.

    • Chapter 15 identifies base districts AG-1, AG-2, R-1, R-2, R-3, C-1, C-2, C-3, I-1, I-2, and CON.
    • Chapter 15 identifies overlay districts Shoreland Overlay, Lower St. Croix Riverway Overlay, Floodplain Overlay, and Non-Metallic Mining Overlay.
    • The county FAQ directs users to the interactive zoning map and Chapter 15; incorporated municipalities may use their own zoning codes.
    “The zoning districts are categorized as base and overlay districts, as follows:”
  • Minimum dwelling sizeSpecified

    Dwelling units subject to St. Croix County General Zoning, including single-family detached, two-family, multifamily, manufactured-home, and caretaker units in the county zoning jurisdiction.

    • Every dwelling unit must provide at least 500 square feet of floor area for each family residing in the building.
    • St. Croix County General Zoning applies to all towns and unincorporated areas except the towns of Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph, and Troy.
    • Incorporated cities and villages implement and enforce their own zoning codes; municipal rules may differ.
    • Applicable zoning-district use permissions and other county overlay, sanitary, building-code, and permit requirements still apply.

    minimum floor area per family residing in the building: >= 500 square feet

    “1. Applicability. This section applies to single family detached units, two-family and multifamily units, manufactured homes and caretaker units as specified below. 2. Dwelling Unit Area. Every dwelling unit shall provide 500 sq. feet of minimum floor area for each family residing in the building.”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Specified — Dwelling units governed by St. Croix County Chapter 15 Housing provisions in unincorporated areas where county General Zoning applies.
      “2. Dwelling Unit Area. Every dwelling unit shall provide 500 sq. feet of minimum floor area for each family residing in the building.”
    • Specified — Every dwelling unit covered by St. Croix County Chapter 15 Housing regulations in County General Zoning areas.
      “1. Applicability. This section applies to single family detached units, two-family and multifamily units, manufactured homes and caretaker units as specified below. 2. Dwelling Unit Area. Every dwelling unit shall provide 500 sq. feet of minimum floor area for each family residing in the building.”
  • Minimum lot sizeDistrict specific (with conditions)

    County zoning districts subject to Chapter 15 dimensional standards.

    • Minimum lot area varies by district and design type.
    • AG-1 and AG-2 require 3 acres.
    • R-1 requires 1.5 acres.
    • R-2 standard design requires 1.5 acres; conservation design is not applicable in the cited table.
    • R-3 standard design requires a sewered lot of 14,520 square feet (one-third acre); conservation design is not applicable in the cited table.
    • Other Chapter 15 districts have their own dimensional standards.

    AG-1 minimum lot area: 3 acres · AG-2 minimum lot area: 3 acres · R-1 minimum lot area: 1.5 acres · R-2 standard-design minimum lot area: 1.5 acres · R-3 standard-design minimum lot area: 14520 square feet (sewered lots)

    “Table 15.231.1 R-2 Dimensional Standards Standard Design Conservation Design 1 Lot area (min) 1.5 acres --”
  • SetbacksDistrict specific (with conditions)

    Building setbacks in county zoning districts governed by Chapter 15.

    • Setbacks vary by zoning district, structure type, and design type.
    • AG-1 and AG-2: 50-foot street setback; 10-foot side setback for any side, with 5 feet for an accessory structure and 100 feet for a structure that houses animals; 25-foot rear setback for a principal building, with 5 feet for an accessory structure and 100 feet for a structure that houses animals.
    • R-2 standard design: 50-foot street, 10-foot side principal-building, 5-foot accessory-structure, 25-foot rear principal-building, and 5-foot accessory-structure setbacks; conservation design: 25-foot street, 10-foot side principal-building, 5-foot accessory-structure, 10-foot rear principal-building, and 5-foot accessory-structure setbacks.
    • R-3: 25-foot street setback and 10-foot side and 25-foot rear principal-building setbacks, with 5-foot accessory-structure setbacks; conservation design has 25-foot street, 10-foot side, and 10-foot rear principal-building setbacks, with 5-foot accessory-structure setbacks.
    • Overlay districts and recorded plat or certified survey map requirements may also change setbacks.

    AG-1 street setback: 50 feet · AG-1 side setback: 10 feet (5 feet for accessory structure; 100 feet for structure that houses animals) · AG-1 rear setback: 25 feet (5 feet for accessory structure; 100 feet for structure that houses animals) · R-2 street setback: 50 / 25 feet (standard design / conservation design) · R-3 street setback: 25 feet (both standard and conservation design)

    “Setback requirements vary depending on the zoning district and the type of structure being constructed.”
  • Building heightDistrict specific (with conditions)

    Building height under County zoning districts.

    • Height varies by district and structure type; agricultural accessory uses such as silos, bins, barns and seed-storage facilities may have no height limit in the cited agricultural districts.

    AG-1 principal building height: 50 feet (No height limit applies to agricultural accessory uses such as silos, bins, barns and seed storage facilities)

    “Each district has its own rules on use, yard space, lot size and building height.”
  • Living in an RVAllowed (with conditions)

    One camping unit on a vacant lot or parcel under the St. Croix County seasonal travel trailer land-use-permit provision.

    • A seasonal travel trailer land-use permit is required.
    • The permit allows placement from May 15 through September 15.
    • The property must have a state sanitary system.
    • The property must obtain a yearly sanitary reconnection permit.
    • Seasonal travel trailers are not allowed in major subdivisions.
    • The provision applies in areas governed by St. Croix County Chapter 15 zoning; municipal zoning and overlay regulations may also apply.

    seasonal placement start: May 15 · seasonal placement end: September 15 · camping units: 1 unit

    “A seasonal travel trailer land use permit can be obtained to allow for placement of one camping unit on a vacant lot/parcel from May 15th to September 15th if the property has a state sanitary system and obtains a yearly sanitary reconnection permit. Seasonal travel trailers are not allowed in major subdivisions.”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Limited — Occupancy or use of one camping unit on vacant parcels or parcels with a principal dwelling in areas governed by St. Croix County Chapter 15 zoning.
      “No person shall place, occupy or use one camping unit on a vacant parcel of land for more than 14 nights/days out of a 60-day period. No person shall occupy or use one camping unit on a lot/parcel with a principal dwelling for more than 14 nights/days out of a 60-day period.”
    • Temporary only (with conditions) — Temporary placement and occupancy of a camping unit during construction of a principal structure in areas governed by St. Croix County Chapter 15 zoning.
      “The owner of a parcel who holds a valid building permit and sanitary permit for construction of a principal structure may obtain a Land Use Permit for temporary placement and occupancy of a camping unit or manufactured home during construction of the principal structure as long as the camping unit is connected to a legal sanitary system. [...] Temporary occupancy permits shall only be valid for 1 year.”
  • Camping on your landLimited

    Temporary camping and seasonal travel-trailer placement.

    • Seasonal travel-trailer placement requires a land-use permit, state sanitary system and yearly sanitary reconnection permit; allowed dates are May 15 through September 15; not allowed in major subdivisions.

    seasonal period: May 15 through September 15 (not allowed in major subdivisions)

    “A seasonal travel trailer land use permit can be obtained to allow for placement of one camping unit on a vacant lot/parcel from May 15th to September 15th if the property has a state sanitary system and obtains a yearly sanitary reconnection permit. Seasonal travel trailers are not allowed in major subdivisions.”
  • Tiny homesLimited

    A portable tiny-home-like structure that qualifies as a County-defined camping unit in unincorporated areas governed by the County General Zoning Ordinance.

    • A camping unit is a camper cabin or portable device no more than 400 square feet used as a temporary shelter.
    • On vacant land, one camping unit may not be placed, occupied, or used for more than 14 nights/days out of a 60-day period.
    • On a parcel with a principal dwelling, one camping unit may not be occupied or used for more than 14 nights/days out of a 60-day period; it may be stored onsite between trips if not occupied beyond that limit.
    • A seasonal travel-trailer land-use permit may allow one camping unit on a vacant lot from May 15 through September 15 only if the property has a state sanitary system and obtains a yearly sanitary reconnection permit; seasonal travel trailers are not allowed in major subdivisions.
    • Temporary placement during construction requires a valid building permit and sanitary permit, a Land Use Permit, connection to a legal sanitary system, and cessation of residential occupancy when the principal home is capable of occupancy; the temporary occupancy permit is valid for only one year.
    • Camping units must meet principal-structure setbacks and be maintained in an orderly fashion.
    • County General Zoning does not apply in the towns of Forest, Hudson, St. Joseph, and Troy or incorporated cities and villages, which enforce their own zoning codes.

    maximum camping-unit area: <= 400 square feet · occupancy on vacant parcel: <= 14 nights/days per 60-day period · occupancy on parcel with principal dwelling: <= 14 nights/days per 60-day period · seasonal travel-trailer period: May 15 through September 15 (Requires a state sanitary system and yearly sanitary reconnection permit; not allowed in major subdivisions) · temporary occupancy permit duration: <= 1 year

    “more than 14 nights/days out of a 60-day period.”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Limited — Occupancy of a tiny home as a dwelling unit in unincorporated areas subject to St. Croix County General Zoning.
      “1. Applicability. This section applies to single family detached units, two-family and multifamily units, manufactured homes and caretaker units as specified below. 2. Dwelling Unit Area. Every dwelling unit shall provide 500 sq. feet of minimum floor area for each family residing in the building.”
    • Limited — Occupancy of a tiny home used as a dwelling unit in unincorporated St. Croix County areas governed by the County General Zoning Ordinance.
      “Every dwelling unit shall provide 500 sq. feet of minimum floor area”
  • Manufactured homesLimited

    Temporary manufactured-home occupancy during construction of a principal structure.

    • A valid building permit and sanitary permit are required; a land-use permit is required; the unit must connect to a legal sanitary system; occupancy must cease when the principal structure is completed.
    “The owner of a parcel who holds a valid building permit and sanitary permit for construction of a principal structure may obtain a Land Use Permit for temporary placement and occupancy of a camping unit or manufactured home during construction of the principal structure”
  • Who permits septicMixed (with conditions)

    POWTS and non-plumbing sanitation permitting requirements administered or documented through the St. Croix County sanitary program.

    • A State Sanitary Permit is required for installation of a private on-site wastewater treatment system.
    • A County Sanitary Permit is required for repair, reconnection, or rejuvenation of a POWTS, or installation of non-plumbing sanitation.
    • A sanitary permit is required before obtaining a building permit from the local municipality.
    • A sanitary permit may only be submitted by a licensed plumber.
    • County staff conduct at least one inspection for all work requiring a sanitary permit.
    “A State Sanitary Permit is required for the installation of a private on-site wastewater treatment system (POWTS). A County Sanitary Permit is required for the repair, reconnection, or rejuvenation of a POWTS, or the installation of a non-plumbing sanitation (i.e. privy, composting toilet, etc.)”
  • Septic permitRequired

    POWTS and specified non-plumbing sanitation work in St. Croix County.

    • A State Sanitary Permit is required for POWTS installation; a County Sanitary Permit is required for repair, reconnection, rejuvenation or non-plumbing sanitation; the permit precedes the local municipal building permit; only a licensed plumber may submit it.
    “A State Sanitary Permit is required for the installation of a private on-site wastewater treatment system (POWTS). A County Sanitary Permit is required for the repair, reconnection, or rejuvenation of a POWTS, or the installation of a non-plumbing sanitation (i.e. privy, composting toilet, etc.)”
  • Septic inspectionRequired

    Work requiring a sanitary permit and private onsite wastewater systems subject to maintenance rules.

    • County staff conduct at least one inspection for all work requiring a sanitary permit; systems must be serviced or inspected at least every three years unless a management plan specifies otherwise.

    inspection interval: per 3 years (unless otherwise specified in a management plan)

    “Staff will conduct at least one inspection for all work requiring a sanitary permit.”
  • Off-grid sanitationLimited

    Non-plumbing sanitation systems such as privies and composting toilets.

    • A County Sanitary Permit is required for installation; the permit is distinct from the State Sanitary Permit required for POWTS installation.
    “A County Sanitary Permit is required for the repair, reconnection, or rejuvenation of a POWTS, or the installation of a non-plumbing sanitation (i.e. privy, composting toilet, etc.)”
  • Mandatory utility hookupConditional

    Development in County zoning districts, including R-3 residential development.

    • R-3 lower-density multifamily development requires municipal water and wastewater treatment or a common septic or community wastewater treatment system; other sites may require utility approvals or private systems.
    “The R-3 district allows limited multi-family appropriate for rural areas and requires extension of municipal water and wastewater treatment or a common septic or community wastewater treatment system.”
  • Subdividing landRegulated (with conditions)

    Creation of lots or parcels in St. Croix County.

    • A survey is required; 1-4 parcels within five years are a minor subdivision and five or more are a major subdivision; town review and County review are required; final surveys may require a $30 recording fee.

    minor subdivision threshold: 1-4 parcels within five years · major subdivision threshold: 5 or more parcels within five years · general minimum lot size: 1.5 acres (unless larger lots are required by other County ordinances or Town requirements) · recording fee: 30 USD

    “A survey is required for creating a new lot or parcel. Creating 1-4 parcels within five years is a minor subdivision. (See the process below) Creating 5 or more parcels within 5 years is a major subdivision.”
  • Building in a floodplainRequired

    Development and building sites in County flood-prone areas.

    • The Zoning Administrator reviews permit applications; new construction and substantial improvements must use flood-resistant design and construction; subdivisions must minimize flood damage, locate utilities accordingly, provide drainage and include regional flood-elevation and floodway data; permits may be denied for obstruction or increased regional flood height.
    “Failure to obtain a floodplain development permit shall be a violation of these regulations”
  • Short-term rentalsLimited

    Short-term rental of principal residential dwellings.

    • The use is subject to Wis. Admin. Code Ch. ATCP 72 and Wis. Stat. § 66.1014; the owner must annually obtain a tourist rooming house license from DATCP, locally issued by the St. Croix County Public Health Department; the license year runs July 1 through June 30.

    license period: July 1 to June 30

    “The owner of a short-term rental Property shall annually obtain a tourist rooming house license from the Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection. These licenses are locally issued by the St. Croix County Public Health Department.”
  • Permit feesPublished (with conditions)

    County Community Development Department fees.

    • All required fees are due at application; fees are generally non-refundable; late applications may incur double normal fees; additional expert-review costs may apply; a current fee schedule governs.

    extra site/sanitary inspection: 200 USD · stormwater review fee: 175 USD per lot/outlot · credit-card processing fee: 3 percent (non-refundable)

    “All required fees must be submitted at the time of application.”
  • Permit processPublished (with conditions)

    County land-use, subdivision and sanitary permitting processes.

    • Land-use applications are due the first Monday of the month; subdivision review includes town review, County review and possible final survey recording; sanitary permits precede local building permits and sanitary work requires inspection.
    “A pre-application meeting with a member of the Land Use staff is highly suggested. Please call 715-386-4680 to schedule a meeting today! Applications are due on the first Monday of the month.”

Wisconsin rules that apply here

  • Building permitRequired

    New one- and two-family dwellings covered by Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code, including covered additions and alterations.

    • The cited brochure states that permit requirements for alterations and additions vary by municipality.
    • Construction begins only after plans are approved and the building permit is issued and posted.
    • The enforcing jurisdiction may be the municipality, county, or state.
    • Local zoning, land-use, floodplain, sanitary, well, driveway, utility, and other approvals may also be required.
    • A building permit cannot be issued for a new dwelling using a private onsite wastewater treatment system until a sanitary permit has been issued.
    “Begin construction after plans are approved and building permit is issued and posted.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Required — New UDC dwelling construction.
      “Begin construction after plans are approved and building permit is issued and posted.”
  • Owner-builder exemptionConditional

    An owner obtaining construction and erosion-control permits for a dwelling covered by the Wisconsin Uniform Dwelling Code.

    • The owner must occupy the home currently or will occupy it after completion.
    • The exemption permits the owner to take out the construction and erosion-control permits without the state-certified Dwelling Contractor and Dwelling Contractor Qualifier arrangement described for contractors.
    • The owner-occupancy statement must be checked on the permit application if the applicant does not possess Dwelling Contractor certification.
    • The source describes an owner-occupancy condition; it does not establish a general exemption for non-occupant owners.
    “The construction and erosion control permits must be taken out by a state-certified Dwelling Contractor, who also employs a state-certified Dwelling Contractor Qualifier, or by the owner who occupies the home currently or will after completion.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Available (with conditions) — Owner-occupied UDC home construction.
      “The construction and erosion control permits must be taken out by a state-certified Dwelling Contractor, who also employs a state-certified Dwelling Contractor Qualifier, or by the owner who occupies the home currently or will after completion.”
  • Building code adoptedAdopted (with conditions)

    Public buildings, places of employment, and multifamily buildings subject to Wisconsin's commercial building code.

    • The Division of Industry Services reviews plans before construction for compliance with state statutes and building codes.
    • Local certified municipalities may provide plan review and inspection services for certain building types.
    • The Wisconsin Commercial Building Code adopted the 2021 ICC effective September 1, 2025; plans submitted November 1, 2025 or later must comply with the updated code.
    • Municipalities may have grandfathered fire detection, prevention, and suppression ordinances under 2013 Act 270.

    2021 ICC adoption date: September 1, 2025 (The deadline for building plan compliance was delayed.) · updated-code plan-submission deadline: November 1, 2025 (Plans submitted on or after this date must comply with the updated Commercial Building Code.)

    “2013 Act 270 establishes a uniform commercial building code in Wisconsin while allowing municipalities to grandfather fire detection, prevention, and suppression ordinances”
    4 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Adopted (with conditions) — One- and two-family dwellings built since June 1, 1980.
      “The statewide code for new homes in Wisconsin is the Uniform Dwelling Code (UDC), SPS 320-325 of the Wisconsin Administrative Code and its adopted references. It is a uniform building code that applies across the state.”
    • Adopted (with conditions) — New one- and two-family dwellings in Wisconsin built since June 1, 1980.
      “The Uniform Dwelling Code (UDC) is the statewide building code for one- and two-family dwellings built since June 1, 1980.”
    • Adopted (with conditions) — New Wisconsin one- and two-family dwelling construction, including stick-built, modular, and manufactured home installations
      “A permit under the UDC is required for new one- and two-family dwelling units. This includes stick-built, modular, and manufactured home installations.”
    • Adopted — Wisconsin's Uniform Dwelling Code, chapters SPS 320-325, for new one- and two-family dwelling units, including stick-built, modular, and manufactured home installations.
      “SPS 320-325 Uniform Dwelling Code (UDC), construction standard for 1-2 family dwelling units, applies uniformly statewide”
  • InspectionsRequired

    Each phase of construction of a one- or two-family dwelling governed by the Wisconsin Uniform Dwelling Code.

    • Inspections are called for before each phase is covered up.
    • The local inspector’s instructions apply.
    • The inspector has two business days after the inspection request and the work being ready to inspect before the work may be covered.
    • Inspections check compliance with the code and may also check compliance with approved plans.
    • The UDC is enforced by municipal or county building inspection departments or the Wisconsin Division of Industry Services.

    inspection response period: 2 business days (After the inspection request and the work is ready to inspect, before the work may be covered up.)

    “Call for inspections of each phase of construction prior to covering it up - check the local inspector’s instructions. The inspector has two business days after the date that you make the inspection request and the work is ready to inspect, before you may cover up the work. Inspectors will check for compliance with the code.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Required — UDC construction phases for new dwellings.
      “Call for inspections of each phase of construction prior to covering it up - check the local inspector’s instructions.”
  • Certificate of occupancyLimited

    Occupancy of a dwelling governed by Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code after construction.

    • Occupancy follows a final inspection in which no major health or safety violations are found.
    • Some municipalities will issue occupancy permits; the state source does not state that every municipality must issue a certificate or occupancy permit.
    • The dwelling exterior must be completed within two years after permit issuance.

    exterior completion deadline: 2 years after permit issuance

    “Take occupancy after receiving a final inspection in which no major health or safety violations are found. (Some municipalities will issue occupancy permits.) Also, the dwelling’s exterior must be completed within two years after permit issuance.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Limited — Occupancy of new UDC dwellings.
      “Take occupancy after receiving a final inspection in which no major health or safety violations are found. (Some municipalities will issue occupancy permits.)”
  • Lot coverageSpecified

    Impervious-surface coverage in the statewide shoreland framework and the DNR county model ordinance for qualifying shoreland lots or parcels.

    • The general standard applies to construction, reconstruction, expansion, replacement, or relocation of impervious surfaces within 300 feet of the ordinary high-water mark on riparian lots and parcels entirely within 300 feet of the ordinary high-water mark.
    • The general standard is 15 percent.
    • A lot or parcel may exceed 15 percent but not exceed 30 percent with a permit and mitigation plan.
    • For highly developed shorelines, counties are not required to adopt the special standards; if adopted, residential coverage may exceed 30 percent but not exceed 40 percent with a mitigation plan.
    • Treated impervious surfaces and defined roadways and sidewalks may be excluded from calculation when the ordinance conditions are met.

    general impervious-surface limit: <= 15 percent of lot or parcel · maximum under general standard with mitigation: 30 percent of lot or parcel (permit and mitigation plan required) · highly developed shoreline residential maximum: 40 percent of lot or parcel (special standard adopted and mitigation plan required)

    “The percentage of impervious surface allowed on a lot or parcel described under section 11.2 and as calculated under section 11.3 shall not exceed 15%.”
  • Well permitLimited

    Construction of private wells statewide in Wisconsin.

    • A Well Construction Notification Number must be obtained before constructing a new private well that is not a high-capacity well.
    • Exceptions to the notification requirement include high-capacity wells, reconstruction of existing wells, and wells on Native American property; high-capacity wells or other wells requiring written DNR approval follow the approval requirements.
    • Some DNR-approved county ordinances additionally require a well permit before construction.
    • A Well Construction Report must be submitted to DNR within 30 days after construction.

    well construction notification fee: 50.5 USD (Fee and notification number are not refundable or transferable.) · well construction report deadline: 30 days after construction

    “Wisconsin law requires that a property owner provide advance notice to DNR before construction of any new private well that is not a high capacity well, and advance notice of any heat exchange drillhole construction (geothermal system) that does not require a written DNR approval.”
    One more reviewed finding on this topic
    • Required — A UDC home using a private well.
      “Obtain sanitary or well permits from the county or municipality if the home will use a private sewage system or well.”
  • Agricultural exemptionConditional

    Wisconsin farmland preservation zoning districts and farmland preservation agreements; these are conditional agricultural-use protections and tax-credit frameworks, not a blanket exemption from local land-use or land-division ordinances.

    • Certified farmland preservation zoning districts limit land uses to agriculture and other compatible uses.
    • Local ordinances are crafted locally and must meet or be more restrictive than Chapter 91 standards.
    • A farmland preservation agreement requires land to remain in agricultural use for 10 years and comply with state soil and water conservation standards.
    • Agreement eligibility requires ownership of the farmland, location in a designated Agricultural Enterprise Area, at least $6,000 gross farm revenue during the last year or $18,000 during the last three years, and compliance with applicable conservation standards.
    • A certificate of compliance from the county land conservation committee is required to show compliance.
    • Other local zoning and land-division ordinances continue to apply.
    • A covered agreement provides exemption from special assessments for sanitary sewer or water imposed by specified local governmental entities.
    • Releases before expiration require written consent, a DATCP finding that agricultural use of other protected farmland will not be impaired, and payment of the specified conversion fee.

    farmland preservation agreement term: 10 years (agreements effective before December 8, 2023, were minimum 15-year agreements) · minimum gross farm revenue during last year: >= 6000 USD (alternative test of $18,000 during the last three years) · minimum gross farm revenue during last three years: >= 18000 USD (alternative to the $6,000 last-year test) · tax credit: $10.00 per acre or $12.50 per acre if also in a certified farmland preservation zoning district (other eligibility requirements apply)

    “Remember that other local ordinances (such as zoning and land division ordinances) continue to apply to your land, regardless of whether you sign an agreement.”
  • Driveway accessRequired

    A new or altered driveway or other connection to a state trunk highway and work in state highway right-of-way.

    • WisDOT issues permits on state highways under its jurisdiction; county highways and municipal roads may be subject to county or municipal permitting instead.
    • The number of driveways serving a single state-trunk-highway frontage must be the minimum deemed necessary for reasonable service without undue impairment of safety, convenience, and utility.
    • A controlled-access designation or other access restriction may require a different application or prevent the connection.
    • A residential connection may be limited to 24 feet wide and a commercial connection to 35 feet wide at the right-of-way line.

    residential connection maximum width: 24 feet at right-of-way line · commercial connection maximum width: 35 feet at right-of-way line

    “So, a permit is required from WisDOT before you construct a new connection to your property. [...] Why can my connection only be 24 feet wide (residential) or 35 feet wide (commercial)? [...] These distances are measured at the right-of-way line.”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Required — Driveways and other connections between property abutting Wisconsin state highway right-of-way and the state highway.
      “For state highways, WisDOT requires a connection permit.”
    • Limited — Multiple driveway connections serving one property frontage along a Wisconsin state trunk highway.
      “The number of driveways permitted serving a single property frontage along a state trunk highway shall be the minimum deemed necessary by the department for reasonable service to the property without undue impairment of safety, convenience, and utility of the highway.”
  • Campground & park staysLimited

    Recreational trailers, pickup truck campers, and motor homes occupying campsites in Wisconsin State Park System family campgrounds.

    • Camping reservations are required before setting up on any site.
    • A campsite may contain no more than one recreation trailer, pickup truck camper, or motor home.
    • No person may camp or leave a camping unit in a family campground for more than 14 days in any 21 days.
    • Pickup campers or motor homes pulling a trailer are treated as a single unit.

    maximum camping-unit occupancy per campsite: 1 recreation trailer, pickup truck camper, or motor home (Pickup campers or motor homes pulling a trailer are treated as a single unit.) · maximum stay: 14 days in any 21 days

    “A campsite may be occupied by no more than one recreation trailer, pickup truck camper or motor home. Pickup campers or motor homes pulling a trailer are treated as a single unit. [...] No one may camp or leave a camping unit in a family campground for more than 14 days in any 21 days.”
    3 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • Limited — Occupancy of recreational vehicles, including recreation trailers, pickup truck campers, motor homes, camper vans, and truck campers, at Wisconsin State Park System campsites.
      “A campsite may be occupied by no more than one recreation trailer, pickup truck camper or motor home. Pickup campers or motor homes pulling a trailer are treated as a single unit.”
    • Limited — Temporary camping at Wisconsin State Park System properties.
      “Camping reservations are required and can be made up to 11 months in advance of your planned date of occupancy. Campers must make a reservation before setting up on any site.”
    • Limited — Temporary camping in Wisconsin State Park System family campgrounds.
      “Camping reservations are required and can be made up to 11 months in advance of your planned date of occupancy. Campers must make a reservation before setting up on any site. [...] No one may camp or leave a camping unit in a family campground for more than 14 days in any 21 days. [...] Not all properties offer camping during non-summer months. Camping seasons vary by property.”
  • county zoning authorityGeneral

    Wisconsin counties may enact and amend county zoning ordinances under Wis. Stat. § 59.69 for participating towns, which are generally unincorporated areas.

    • County zoning applies only in towns that have adopted county zoning.
    • After a comprehensive revision of the county zoning ordinance, the town has authority to decide whether county zoning applies in the town.
    • Towns have authority to approve or disapprove amendments to a county zoning ordinance.
    • A town that does not fall under county zoning may be unzoned or may have its own town zoning ordinance.
    “Counties exercise zoning ordinances under s. 59.69, Wis. Stats. County zoning only applies in towns that have adopted county zoning.”
  • county building authorityGeneral

    Wisconsin county authority to administer construction and inspection of new one- and two-family dwellings, including in unincorporated areas, through the UDC delegation and inspection framework.

    • Counties must have delegated authority to exercise UDC jurisdiction.
    • A county with delegated authority has jurisdiction over new one- and two-family dwellings in cities, villages, and towns that do not have their own delegated authority.
    • The DSPS page directs applicants to the municipality when it has delegated authority and otherwise to DSPS or the appointed county inspector.
    • The authority described is for construction and inspection under the statewide UDC; local zoning, land-use, sanitary, floodplain, and other requirements may still apply.

    covered construction: new one- and two-family dwellings (Jurisdiction depends on DSPS delegation and whether the municipality has its own delegated authority.)

    “Counties: Counties with delegated authority have been authorized jurisdiction over the construction and inspection of new one- and two-family dwellings in cities, villages, and towns which do not have their own delegated authority.”
    2 more reviewed findings on this topic
    • General — County authority to enforce the statewide Uniform Dwelling Code and administer building inspection and permitting for new one- and two-family dwellings in Wisconsin, including unincorporated areas where the county is the responsible inspection authority.
      “The UDC is primarily enforced by municipal or county building inspectors who must be state-certified. In lieu of local enforcement, municipalities have the option to have the state provide enforcement for just new homes.”
    • Limited — County enforcement of Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code for new one- and two-family dwellings in municipalities, including towns, that do not have their own delegated authority
      “Counties: Counties with delegated authority have been authorized jurisdiction over the construction and inspection of new one- and two-family dwellings in cities, villages, and towns which do not have their own delegated authority.”

Set by your township or city, not the county

In Wisconsin, zoning is adopted by each township or city, so St. Croix County has no county-wide answer on these. Find your township or city in the list of places on this page, or call its clerk or zoning administrator.

  • Accessory dwellings

Each answer was extracted from an official source and independently re-checked against that source by a second reviewer. That is an evidence check, not legal advice. Rules change; confirm with the authority before you buy or build.

Living off-grid in St. Croix County, Wisconsin

Is St. Croix County a good place to live off-grid or homestead?

St. Croix County scores 61/100 on the Bolthole Index, a solid county profile. Its strengths: a durable current and mid-century hazard profile and a stronger property-autonomy legal backdrop. Watch-outs: about 37,483 people within a 30-minute drive.

Do you need a building permit in St. Croix County, Wisconsin?

St. Croix County generally requires a residential building permit, and it enforces county zoning. Onsite septic is permitted by St. Croix County Community Development Department (Sanitary Program). Owner-builders may act as their own contractor to build their home. These answers are quoted from official sources and independently re-checked. Rules change and cities within the county differ — always confirm with the county before you buy or build.

Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in St. Croix County?

Living in an RV on your own land in St. Croix County is allowed: One camping unit on a vacant lot or parcel under the St. Croix County seasonal travel trailer land-use-permit provision. A seasonal travel trailer land-use permit is required. The permit allows placement from May 15 through September 15. A tiny home is limited to specific cases. Confirm with the county before relying on it.

How much does land cost in St. Croix County, Wisconsin?

Land in St. Croix County runs about $6,451 per acre, based on the latest county data.

What is the water situation in St. Croix County?

St. Croix County gets about 33.7" of rain a year, with severe drought in roughly 6.4% of years.

How remote is St. Croix County?

A representative private-land location has about 37,483 people within a 30-minute drive and 4,599,992 within two hours. The road-network catchments count population across county lines and clusters of smaller cities; straight-line radius values remain available as a comparison.

How St. Croix compares in Wisconsin

Compare side-by-side →See all 72 Wisconsin counties ranked →